1、Words and Expressionshybridhabrdn.杂交植（动）物；杂交植（动）物；合成物；混合动力车合成物；混合动力车devote vt.把献(给)；把专用于；专心于devoted adj.忠诚的devotion n奉献；忠诚；专心devote.to 把用于；献身；致力；专心be devoted to 对专一/专注devote oneself to 致力于，献身于A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.You will never obtain success unless yo
2、u are fully devoted _ your work.The two professors made up their minds to devote all they had to _(set)up nature reserves.tosettingshortage n不足；缺少；短缺a shortage of.的短缺；缺乏a water/food/housing shortage 水资源/食物/住房的短缺create/cause a shortage 造成短缺lead to/result in a shortage 导致不足The loss of big trees was gr
3、eatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage.They had to stop production owing to a shortage _ staff.As a shortage _ gas became more and more serious,his car had to stop in the garage.ofoftackle vt.解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理The first reason to tackle these problems is to save childrens
4、 lives.I have found a new way _(tackle)the problem.Its time _(tackle)my homework.to tackleto tacklecrisiskrassn.（pl.crises)危机；危急关头危机；危急关头boost vt.使增长；使兴旺 n增长；提高；激励boost exports/profits 增加出口/提高利润boost sb.s confidence/morale 增强某人的信心/士气a boost in car sales 汽车销售额的增长The movie helped boost her screen care
5、er.The advertising campaign is intended _(boost)the companys sales.The government took measures _(boost)economic growth.to boostto boostyieldjild n.产量；产出产量；产出;vt.出产（作物）；产生（收益、效益等）出产（作物）；产生（收益、效益等）;vi.屈服；让步屈服；让步convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服convince sb.that.使某人相信convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事convince sb.to do st
6、h.说服某人做某事Youll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.Scientists are convinced _ the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health.Nobody could come up with a _(convince)reason why the dinosaurs died out.ofconvincingcharacteristic n特征；特点；品质 adj.典型的；独特的character n.品质，性格；特点，特
7、征；(人物)角色be characteristic of.具有的特征，为所特有characterise sb./sth.as sth.把某人/物的特点描述成某事物It is characteristic of him to put off his plan.Such bluntness(迟钝)is characteristic _ him.What _(characteristic)distinguish the Americans _ the Canadians?ofcharacteristicsfromattain vt.(通常经过努力)获得；得到；达到(某年龄、水平、状况)attain
8、knowledge 获得知识attain independence 获得独立attain knowledge from school 去学校学习知识attain ones goal 达到某人的目标We can attain whatever goal we set in our mind as long as we work hard enough.The important thing in life is to have a great aim,and the determination _(attain)it.This standard is easily _(attain)by mos
9、t students.to attainattainableconventionalknvnnladj.传统的；习惯的传统的；习惯的unconventional adj.非传统的；不合惯例的非传统的；不合惯例的pollinateplnetvt.授粉；传粉授粉；传粉assumption n假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得assume vi.假定假定make the assumption that.假设make assumptions/an assumption about.对做假设on the assumption that.假定，假设We are working on the ass
10、umption that everyone invited will turn up.So we think it is reasonable _(assume)they lived in these caves.My calculations were based on the _(assume)that house prices would remain stable.to assumeassumptionintense adj.热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的intensely adv.强烈地；激烈地an intense look 热切的神情intense heat/cold/pain 酷热/
11、严寒/剧痛the intense blue of her eyes 她眼睛的深蓝色It was a period of intense _(act).The fast-food business is _(intense)competitive.activityintenselyovercome vt.(overcame，overcome)克服；解决；战胜overcome difficulties/bad habits 克服困难/改掉恶习overcome the fear 克服恐惧overcome obstacles 克服障碍overcome the enemy 战胜敌人We can and
12、must overcome our shortcomings.He struggled _(overcome)his shyness.It was inspiring that our team easily _(overcome)their team in the final game.to overcomeovercameexpand vt.&vi.扩大；增加vt.扩展；发展(业务)expansion n扩张；扩大；膨胀expand(.)into (把)扩展/发展成expand the influence 扩大影响expand the market 扩大市场expand on/upon 详
13、述，进一步说明an expanding economy 不断发展的经济Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.She _(expand)her career in the field of entertainment in recent years.We are hoping _(expand)our business,particularly in Europe.has expandedto expandoutputatpt n.产量
14、；输出；输出量产量；输出；输出量;vt.（output，output）输出）输出input vt.输入输入 n.投入投入estimate vt.估计；估价；估算 n估计；估算estimation n.判断；估价estimate sth.at.估算某物为be estimated to do sth.被估计做某事It is estimated(that).据估计a conservative/rough estimate 保守的/粗略的估计The deal is estimated to be worth$1.5 million.It was difficult _(estimate)how man
15、y trees had been destroyed.Ocean plastic is estimated _(kill)millions of animals every year.to estimateto killdomesticdmstkadj.本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的domestically adv.国内地国内地 international adj.国际的国际的 internationally国际地国际地consumptionknsm(p)nn.消耗；消耗量；消费消耗；消耗量；消费consume vt.消耗消耗consumer n.消费者消费者co
16、mprise vt.包括；包含；由组成(不用于进行时)由组成/构成be comprised ofconsist ofbe made up ofbe composed ofEleven players comprise(make up)a football team.Women comprise 51 percent _ the population there.The medical team is comprised _ three doctors and four nurses.ofofgeneratenretvt.产生；引起产生；引起generation n.U 能源产生能源产生 C 一
17、代人一代人strainstrenn.（动、植物的）系；品种；拉伤；压力（动、植物的）系；品种；拉伤；压力leisurenn.闲暇；休闲；空闲闲暇；休闲；空闲deep downdip dan在内心深处；本质上；实际上在内心深处；本质上；实际上soilsln.泥士；土壤；国土；领土泥士；土壤；国土；领土celebrityslbrtin.名望；名誉；名人；名流名望；名誉；名人；名流visionvnn.想象；视力；视野；影像想象；视力；视野；影像envisionnvnvt.展望；想象展望；想象vision n.想象；视力；视野想象；视力；视野visual adj.视觉上的；栩栩如生的视觉上的；栩栩如生
18、的broombrmn.扫把；扫帚；金雀花扫把；扫帚；金雀花reality n现实；实际情况；事实real adj.真的，真实的really adv.真正地in reality 实际上，事实上escape from reality 逃避现实bring.back to reality 使面对现实dream and reality 梦想与现实The reality is that.实际情况是In reality,violent crime is rare in the area.However,this _ (real)also worried my designers.The reality is
19、 _ the youth centre will have to close unless we find some new funding soon.realitythatsaltysltiadj.含盐的；咸的含盐的；咸的urbanbnadj.城市的；都市的；城镇的城市的；都市的；城镇的rural adj.郊区的郊区的bombbmn v.炸弹炸弹;.轰炸；对轰炸；对投炸弹投炸弹tunneltnln.地下通道；地道；隧道地下通道；地道；隧道extensionkstnnn.扩建部分；扩大；电话分机扩建部分；扩大；电话分机extend vt.延申；扩大延申；扩大chemicalkmkladj.与化
20、学有关的；化学的与化学有关的；化学的;n.化学制品；化学品化学制品；化学品chemistry n.化学化学wheatwitn.小麦；小麦籽小麦；小麦籽sorghumsgmn.高梁；高梁米高梁；高梁米graingrenn.谷物；谷粒；颗粒谷物；谷粒；颗粒flavour n味道；特点；特色vt.给(食物或饮料)调味；加味于flavour sth.with sth.用给调味Soft drinks are the major source of caffeine for most children and even some adults.Recently,caffeine has found its
21、 way into orange，apple，and other flavored drinks.The store sells 10 different _(flavour)of ice cream.The furniture has _ European flavour.flavoursanfertilizerftlazn.肥料肥料fertile adj.肥沃的；富饶的；能生育的；肥沃的；富饶的；能生育的；n.肥沃，多产肥沃，多产fertilize vt.施肥施肥nutritional adj.营养(物)的nutrition n营养；滋养the nutritional value of m
22、ilk 牛奶的营养价值the nutritional requirements of babies 婴儿的营养需求adequate nutrition 充足的营养This food provides all the nutrition your body needs.Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized _(nutrition)content,like vitamins.Can you introduce a book on _(nutritional)to me?I need some knowle
23、dge about it.nutritionalnutritionalleviate vt.减轻；缓解alleviate sth.减轻/缓解alleviate the pain 减轻疼痛alleviate suffering 减轻痛苦Nowadays,a great deal can be done to alleviate back pain.They alleviated the _(bore)of _(wait)by _(sing)songs.We must take some measures to _(alleviation)unemployment.boredomwaitingsi
24、ngingalleviatepovertypvtin.贫穷；贫困贫穷；贫困organicgnkadj.有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的pesticidepstsadn.杀虫剂；除害药物杀虫剂；除害药物pest n.害虫害虫suicide n.自杀自杀widespread adj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛的a widespread hobby 一种广泛的爱好deep and widespread concern 深切而广泛的关注widespread support 普遍支持widespread damage 大范围的破坏The project on organic fa
25、rming has received widespread public support.The mobile phone become _(越来越普遍).Fear _(很快传遍全村).more and more widespreadspread quickly through the villagebacteriumbktrmn.细菌细菌(单数）单数）bacteria n.细菌（复数）细菌（复数）in turnn tn相应地；转而；依次；轮流相应地；转而；依次；轮流turn in 上交；交还；上交；交还；digest vt.&vi.消化vt.领会；领悟n摘要；digestive adj.消化
26、的digestion n消化；消化能力digest ill 难消化digest well/easily 易消化read a digest 阅读一份摘要a monthly news digest 每月新闻摘要Readers Digest 读者文摘Have you _(digestive)the report yet?The patient needs some foods which aid _(digest).digesteddigestionessential adj.完全必要的；极其重要的；基本的；根本的essentially adv.本质上；根本上essence n.本质；实质be es
27、sential to/for sth.对某物来说极其重要an essential part/component of sth.某事物必不可少的一部分/组成部分It is essential(for sb.)to do sth.做某事(对某人来说)是完全有必要的。Experience is essential for this job.Exercise is essential _ health.It is essential _ us _(learn)English.forforto learnmineralmnrln.矿物；矿物质矿物；矿物质mine n.矿矿miner n.矿工矿工alte
28、rnative n可供选择的事物adj.(仅用于名词前)可供替代的；非传统的alternate v.使交换，使轮流使交换，使轮流an alternative to.是的替代物(to是介词)alternative energy 可替代能源alternative ways/approaches/methods 其他的方法alternative suggestions 可供选择的建议There is an alternative that should be welcome to all.You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly;thos
29、e are the two _(alternative).There must be an alternative _ people sleeping on the streets.alternativestogrocerygrsrin.食品杂货店；食品杂货店；pl.食品杂货食品杂货instancenstnsn.例子；实例；事例例子；实例；事例for instancefr nstns例如；比如例如；比如depth n向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)deep adj.深的深的deepen v.使加深；使强化；使加深；使强化；at the depth of 在的深度to/at a depth of
30、sth.深达in depth 全面地；深入地；详细地I havent read the report in depth yet.In this experiment the brave person had spent 130 days in a cave,30 feet _ depth.It is not _(long)of life,but depth of life.inlengthroot n根；根茎；根部；根源rooted adj.根源在于dig out the roots of 挖掉的根have ones root in 根植于take root 扎根tree roots 树根th
31、ave ones roots in 起源于be/lie at the root of 起因于We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it.Jazz has _(it)roots _ African music.The teams success was _(root)_ hard work.itsinrootedinentirely adv.全部地；完整地；完全地entire adj.全部的；整个的；完全的entirely different 完全不同an entirely new approach 全新的方法
32、entirely agree with sb.完全同意某人Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe,surviving entirely on discarded food.We spent the _(entirely)day _ the beach.I _(entire)agree _ you.entireonentirelywith=totally/completelyaspect n方面；层面；外观；样子，容貌an important aspect 重要方面in this/that aspect 在这/那方面in every aspect(of.)/in all aspects(of.)在(的)各个方面from every aspect 从各个方面Technology affects our lives _ every aspect.We should look at every aspect _ the problem,not only one aspect _ it.inofofVietnamvjtnm越南（国家名）越南（国家名）LEDabbr.（light-wmitting diode)发光二极管发光二极管DDT n.滴滴涕（旧时尤用作农业杀虫剂）滴滴涕（旧时尤用作农业杀虫剂）
