1、03名词性从句名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句主语从句在句中做-宾语从句在句中做-表语从句在句中做-同位语从句在句中-主语宾语表语同位语1.That he will come is certain.2.I know that he will come.3.The truth is that I have been there.4.The fact that she was late surprised us.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句I语序问题1.Thephotographs willshowyou_.（MET89）A.what doesourvillagelooklike
2、B.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike2.Heasked_foraviolin（MET92）A.didI payhowmuchB.I paidhowmuchC.howmuchdidI payD.howmuchI paid规律一：名词性从句在句中要用陈述语序II引导词的选择引导词的选择1._wecantgetseemsbetterthan_ wehave.A.What,what B.What,that C.That,thatD.That,what 2.It worried her a
3、 bit_ her hair was turning grey.Awhile Bthat CifDfor 3.What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soonAwhen Bhow Cwhether Dwhy4made the school proud was more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.AWhatbecauseBWhatthatCThatwhatDThatbecau
4、se规律二规律二：1.从句是陈述句转化而来的，不含有疑问意义。由that 引导且that连词在从句中不作成分2.从句是由一般疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意义的。由whether，if 引导3.从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意义的。由wh-连词引导且wh-连词在从句中作成分。连接代词what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever，连接副词where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever。找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.If we will have a meet
5、ing hasnt been decided yet.2.It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it.3.The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting.4.He asked me if I could go with him or not.Whetherwe will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.It depends on whetherthe weather is.The question is wh
6、etherhe himself will be present.He asked me whetherI could go with him or not.规律三：whether和if的区别：whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。如：It all depends on whetherthey will come back.后面直接跟后面直接跟or not or not 时用时用whetherwhether。如：I didnt know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.主语从句和表语从句中只能用主语从句
7、和表语从句中只能用whether。如：Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.The question is whether they have so much money.whether可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，if不能。如：如：We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。如：如：The que
8、stion of whether they are male or female is not important.I have not decided whether to go or not.whetherwhether可引导一个让步状语从句表示可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管”、“无论”，而if不能，但可以引导一个条件状语从句表示引导一个条件状语从句表示“如果”如：如：Whether he comes or not,we will begin our party on time.If I have time tomorrow,Ill go to visit Tom.找出下列句子中的错误，
9、并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.2.That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting.3.Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time.4.It doesnt matter that you will come or not
10、.ititthatwhether规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况下可以借助“it”而后置。a.It+be+形容词（clear/certain/likely/true/surprising）+that-It is necessary that有必要It is important that重要的是It is obvious that很明显b.It+be+-ed（said/reported/thought/suggested）+thatIt is believed that人们相信It is known to all that从所周知It has been decided that已决定 c.
11、It+be+名词（apity/shame/goodidea/no wonder）+that-从句It is common knowledge that是常识It is a surprise that令人惊奇的是It is a fact that事实是d.It+不及物动词（seems/happens）+that-从句It appears that似乎It happens that碰巧It occurred to me that我突然想起 注意：用 it 作形式主语的that-从句有以下几组：2.宾语从句可以用宾语从句可以用it（作形式宾语）来替换的句型为：主语谓语（believe/make/fe
12、el)itAdj/N从句如：I thinkit necessary thatwehavethemeeting1.Sarahhopestobecomea friendof _ sharesherinterests.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatter who2._muchadviceI gave him,he did exactlywhathewanted todo.A.HowB.WhateverC.HoweverD.Nomatter3.It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she
13、wants.A.howeverB.whatever C.whichever D.wheneverHe will believe whatever others say.（不能用no matter what代替whatever）Whatever others say,he will believe it.（可以用no matter what代替whatever）规律四规律四：whatever,whichever,whoever,whenever,wherever,however 等与 no matter what,no matter which,no matter who,no matter w
14、hen,no matter where,no matter how 的区别:前者既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，而 no matter 加疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：4.Wesuggested thatwewouldgotothecinema.5.Myideais thatwemustdoourhomework first.6.Hisproposal thatwewent thereonfootisacceptable.We suggested that we(should)go tothe cinema.M
15、y idea is that we(should)doour homework first.His proposal that we(should)gothere on foot.规律五：注意虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用！(1)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。“wish+宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could+动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had+过去分词”如：I wish it were spring all the year round
16、.I wish I had known the answer.I wish I could fly like a bird.在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order等动词后的宾语从句中，从句谓语动词用(should)+动词原形或是动词原形。如：She suggested we She suggested we(should)leave here here at once.The doctor ordered she(should)beopera
17、ted on.（2 2）虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表语从句和同位语等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“（should）+动词原形动词原形”。如：。如：His suggestion that we(should)go to Shanghai is wonderful.Shanghai is wonderful.My idea is that they(should)pay 100 dol
18、lars.（3 3）虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should+动词原形动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。如此等。如：It is necessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that we strange,etc.)that we should cleanthe room every day.the room every day.It was a pity(a shame,no wonder,etc.)that you should be so car
19、eless.It will be desired(suggested,It will be desired(suggested,decided,ordered,requested,decided,ordered,requested,proposed,etc.)that she should finishher homework this afternoon.her homework this afternoon.注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that从句也可用陈述句语气。如：句也
20、可用陈述句语气。如：It is pity that you cant swim.名词从句与定语从句的主要区别I.I.成分上的区别：成分上的区别：名词性从句和定语从句分别在句中充当什么样的成分？1.How the prisoner escapedremains a mystery.2.I wonder whether/if he is fit for the job.3.The problem is who will be equal to the task.4.He had no idea whether we could overcome the present difficulties o
21、r not.主语宾语表语同位语5.I visited the country which/that had been bombed bythe US-led NATO(美国为首的北约美国为首的北约)a month before6.I shall never forget the years whenI lived in the countryside with the farmers,which has a great effect on my life.7.In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm.,by whic
22、htime many people have gone home.8.I had never seen such a good filmasI watched last night.结论结论：名词性从句充当句子的 主要成分（作主语，宾语，表语，同位语），且无先行词，同位语除外。定语从句充当句子的修饰成分（作定语），前面有先行词同位语从句和定语从句的区别：that作为关系代词,可以引导定语从句,充当句子的主语或宾语成分,在从句中作宾语时可以省略;that引导同位语从句时,起连词的作用,没有实际意义，不充当句子成分,一般不能省略。试比较下面两个例句:I hadno idea thatyou wer
23、ehere.（that引导同位语从句,不能省略）Have you got the idea(that)this book gives you of life in ancient Greece?（that引导定语从句,作宾语,可以省略）I.I.引导词的不同：引导词的不同：不会出现在名词从句中的关系词：不会出现在定语从句中的关系词：as,且when,where 等不能与in/on/at which 互换。whether,if,what,howIII.名词从句与定语从句的一些对应系：1.He has done what he can to help me.-He has done _ _ he c
24、an to help me.2.What I want to say has nothing to do with it.-_ _ I want to say has nothing to do with it.all thatAll that3.Whoever breaks the law is to be punished._ _ breaks the law is to be punished.4.He will give the dictionary to whoeverneeds if most.He will give the dictionary to _ _ needs it
25、most.5.Well remember whomever we turned to for help.Well remember _ _ we turned to for help.Anyone whoanyone whoanyone(whom)6.They will do whatever he wants them to do.They will do _ _he wants them to do.7.Ill read whichever book you give me.Ill read _ of the books _ you give me.anything thatanythat
26、IV.IV.其余问题其余问题：1.误：I dont know if he comes back this month.2.误：I have no idea what had happened when I was away.正：I dont know if he will come back this month.正：I have no idea what happened when I was away.3.误：The reason is because he is ill.4.误：Who leaves last turns off the light.正：The reason is tha
27、t he is ill.正：Whoever leaves last turns off the light.名词性从句试题集锦名词性从句试题集锦1.Iaskher_comewithme.A.ifshewillB.if willsheC.whether willshe D.willshe2._ hesaidis true.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Whether5.To get the job started,_ Ineed is some money.A.only what B.all what C.all that D.only that 6.I have no idea _
28、 far the railwaystation is from here.A.what B.how C.its D.that 3.Canyoutellme_?A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentleman is whoC.whothatgentleman isD.whom isthatgentleman4.He didnt know which room _.A.they lived B.they lived in C.did they live D.did they live in 7.Canyoutellme_therailway station?A.howI ca
29、ngettoB.what canI gettoC.whereI cangottoD.where canI getto8.Doyouknow_?A.whatis hisnameB.howis hisnameC.whathisnameisD.howhisnameis9._ youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.This10.They havenoideaatall_.A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhegoC.whichplacehashegoneD.where hashegone11.They wan
30、t toknow_dotohelpus.A.whatcantheyB.what theycanC.howtheycanD.howcanthey12.These photographs willshowyou_.A.whatourvillagelookslikeB.what doesourvillagelooklikeC.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like 13.Can youmakesure_thegoldring?A.where AlicehadputB.wherehadAliceputC.where Ali
31、cehasputD.where hasAliceput14.No onecanbesure_inamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.what willmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikeD.what lookmanlike15._ the2008 OlympicGameswillbe heldin Beijingis notknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That16.Go andgetyourcoat.Its_youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.there where D.where
32、 there17.It worried herabit_herhairwasturning gray.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for18._ hesaidatthemeeting astonished everybody present.A.What B.That C.The fact D.The matter 19.Doyouremember _hecame?Yes,I do.Hecamebycar.A.howB.whenC.thatD.if20._ wecantgetseemsbetter than_wehave.A.What;what B.What;that C.That;
33、that D.That;what21._ wellgocamping tomorrow depends ontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where22.Itis generally considered unwisetogivea child_he orshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever23.I drovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.Is that_youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where24.These wildflo
34、wersareso specialthatI woulddo_I cantosavethem.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever 25._ youdontlikehimis noneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether26.Youcant imagine_when they receivedthese niceChristmas presents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcited theywereC.howexcited weretheyD.theywerehowexcited27
35、._ causedtheaccident is stillacomplete mystery.A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where28.Ihadneithera raincoat noran umbrella._I gotwetthrough.A.Its thereasonB.ThatswhyC.ThereswhyD.Itshow29.It wasamatter of_wouldtaketheposition.A.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.whomever30._ hashelpedtosavethedrowning girlis worth praising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever31.It was_hesaid_disappointed me.A.what;thatB.that;thatC.what;whatD.that;what32.Eat _cake you like andleavetheothersfor _comesinlate.A.any;who B.every;whoever C.whichever;whoever D.either;whoever
