1、Lesson OneYour College YearsCollege Years vs.SeasonsSophomores FreshmenJuniorsSeniorsWarm-up I:discussion(3 Minutes)What do you think the four seasons represent and explain why?Talk about this topic in groups,and then choose one student to share the views with the whole class.e.g.Winter represents t
2、he first college year because freshmen are as pure and innocent as snow.Freshmen:SpringSpring is the season for nature to revive,to grow and to get ready to boom.Similarly,in college,spring is the season for you to acquire knowledge,to develop yourself and to lay a solid foundation for the future.It
3、s the season of growth.Sophomores:SummerSummer is the season for flowers to bloom,and its the season for you to enjoy the greatest passion in nature love,love from your classmates,from your teachers and from your romance.Juniors:AutumnAutumn is a season of harvest in college.Its the season for you t
4、o enjoy what you have achieved.Seniors:WinterWinter is the harshest season of the four,which presents so many difficulties and hardships.So winter is the season of change.Unpleasant as it may seem to some students,it is simply inescapable and beneficial to ones growth and maturity.Warm-up QuestionIn
5、 the 1st college year,did you experience anything different from that in high school?1)Randomly pick out 1 student to share his/her changes first;2)Self-claim by the target student.living with others cooperate,reconcile,mutualbecoming psychologically independenttaking care of oneself handling ones o
6、wn finance;making ones own decisions strive to be determinedIn short,changes are occurringSummaryChanges themselves are not upsetting,the way to face them is!Background This text is an argumentative essay about what changes you will experience in college years,and more important,what ways you should
7、 adopt to“change”changes.Thesis+Supportive IdeasBob Hartman-note 1,P5Thesis Identifying3 questions：Have you ever considered Has it ever occurred to you Has it ever dawned on youThesis:Though college students seldom think about them,key changes will probably happen to them during their college years.
8、ENTERPara.1Key PatternsIt occurs to sb.to-inf/that/sth occurs to sb 想到It dawns on sb that/sth dawns on sb 明白Translation:1）最后，我终于明白了真相。2）我从来都没想到布拉德皮特和珍妮弗安妮斯顿会离婚。3）他突然想到应该读书以准备考试。4）汤姆忽然觉得周围如此冷清，如此寂寞。Translation1）最后我终于明白了真相。At last the truth dawned on me.2）我从来都没想到布拉德皮特和珍妮弗安妮斯顿会离婚。It never occurred to m
9、e that Brad Pitt and Jennifer Aniston could get divorced.3）他突然想到应该读书以准备考试。It suddenly occurred to him that he should study for the test.4）汤姆忽然觉得周围如此冷清，如此寂寞。It suddenly dawned on Tom that it was become very lonely and still.Passage of Our Lifefertilized egg with DNA codeembryo 胚胎fetus 胎儿newborninfant
10、/childteenager(infml)/adolescent adult(grown up,infml)middle-agedpensionerold-aged/elderly/senior citizen SkimmingQ:What are the key changes which will probably happen in college years?Please scan the text quickly and make clear what the changes are and where they are?The Key Changes1.identity crisi
11、s身份危机;2.the independence/dependence struggle;3.establishment of sexual identity;4.affection giving and receiving;5.internalization of religious faith,values and morals;6.development of new ways to organize and use knowledge;7.new understanding of the world and himself/herself.Para.2Para.3-4Para.5Par
12、a.6Para.7Para.8Para.9Further Reading(3 minutes)1)What is the topic sentence of each part?2)In what ways are the supportive ideas presented?specific examplesdefinitionexplanationstatisticscitations from authoritieshard evidence or factsFurther Reading(3 minutes)1)In what ways are the supportive ideas
13、 presented?specific examplesdefinitionexplanationstatisticscitations from authoritieshard evidence or factsThe Key Changes1.identity crisis;2.the independence/dependence struggle;3.establishment of sexual identity;4.affection giving and receiving;5.internalization of religious faith,values and moral
14、s;6.development of new ways to organize and use knowledge;7.new understanding of the world and himself/herself.TS+definition+citationTransitional sentence+TS+explanation+citationTS+explanation+example(contrasting ideas)TS+explanation+exampleTS+explanation+exampleTS+explanation+exampleTS+explanation+
15、exampleStructureKey changes will happen during college years.Key changes in detailrestating the thesis:significanceThesis:Supportive ideas:Thesis consolidation:by definition,explanation,citation,antithesis,exampleDetailed Reading:identity crisis(para.2)1)Q:Can you find the definition of“identity”in
16、this para.?how people perceive感知 themselves and how other people perceive them.2)Blank filling:According to Piers and Landau,identity is determined by _,shaped by _,and influenced by _.genetic endowmentenvironmentchance eventsExplain this sentence in your own words.ParaphraseWho we are is determined
17、 by three things:first,our genes基因given by our parents;second,environment,and third,unexpected things.perceiveper(totally,entirely)+ceive(take,seize)conceivedeceivereceivePractice 他欺骗欺骗_同学们说明天是他妈妈的受难日，这是他设想设想_ 的一个阴谋，但善良的同学们都没有察觉察觉_出来，第二天全都送给他礼物，他居然很无耻地接受接受_ 了。deceiveconceiveperceivereceiveDetailed R
18、eading:in(dependence)struggle(paras.3-4)1)Q:Are college students totally independent from the parents?Why?No.They may become financially independent from their parents in pursuing for a college education.But they have chosen to grow and learn how to be independent.ENTER2)Jeffery A.Hoffman observed 4
19、 aspects to independence.What are they?1)functional independence2)attitudinal independence3)emotional independence4)freedom from excessive feelingsExplain each of them by paraphrasing.Detailed Reading:in(dependence)struggle(paras.3-4)Explain each of them by paraphrasing.1)Functional independence:We
20、can handle everyday life situations;We have the ability to solve practical problems;2)Attitudinal independence:We are able to understand and accept parents or other peoples different attitudes,values,and beliefs.3)Emotional independence:We dont need parents to tell us what to do or not do.Sometimes
21、we also want to get emotional support from parents,but we are no longer little babies.We can be OURSELVES;4)Freedom from excessive feelings:Children often feel very guilty,anxious,unhappy,afraid,and angry,but we can calm down and judge ourselves and others in a reasonable way.Detailed Reading:establ
22、ishment of sexual identity(para.5)feminine masculineexciting frustratinglower higherbounce into drag ones feetsmile,excitement dismayed,dejected lookbest worstWhat is this rhetorical device修辞手法修辞手法 called?1)Find out all the words&expressions of contrasting ideas.Antithesis对比法Antithesis as a figure o
23、f speech exploits the existence of many“natural”opposites in the vocabularies of all languages,in which contrasting ideas are intentionally put in balanced phrases or clauses.AntithesisGive me liberty,or give me death.The more acute the experience,the less articulate its expression.The author uses a
24、ntithesis here to give a focus to how college students are stressful in establishing their sexual identity.1)“I”related to“my”fatherIn the past“I”was encouraged by“my”father;now“I”was encouraging him.The example reflects the change that college students are learning how to give and receive affection
25、 in the adult world.Detailed Reading:affection giving and receiving(para.6)2)Sentence pattern:It is a time when c.f.It is a time(for sb)to do sthIt is a time for sth/doing sthDetailed Reading:affection giving and receiving(para.6)Blank FillingIt is a time for children _ thanks for their mothers love
26、.(show)It is a time for _ loved ones who have departed.(remember)It is a time too short _ a world-without-end bargain in.(make)It was dinner time when Rob _ home.(get)It is a time when we _ decisions by ourselves.(make)to showrememberingto makegotshould/could makeDetailed Reading:internalization of
27、religious faith,values and morals(para.7)a story about racial prejudice 种族偏见 Make a story about regional prejudice by imitating the sentence patterns here and share your story with the class.Detailed Reading:development of new ways to organize and use knowledge(para.8)1)Q:How the word“way”is modifie
28、d?(P.22)the way+clause(1,6)A way+to-infinitive phrase(2,3,8)A way+of+gerund noun(4,5,7)Detailed Reading:a new understanding of the world and himself/herself(para.9)1)Q:How do college students become world citizens?At college,the young adults have good chances to meet people from different cultures.B
29、y interacting with them,they are introduced to new ways of life.They begin to understand life in different ways.By doing these,they experience a new understanding of the world and themselves.Review:case study1)studying and living with parents together;2)Indulging放纵 him/herself in the pangs痛苦 of disa
30、ppointed love;3)playing computer games all night and attending classes late or not at all;4)being totally buried in books and never relating to others5)being totally buried in books and never relating to othersindependence struggledevelop new ways to organize and use knowledgeestablish sex identityf
31、unctional independenceaffection giving and receivingHomework1)Do the exercises of this unit;2)Learn the following key words&expressions with the help of reference books;3)Make clear the usage of“perceive”&“conceive”with profound examples.capability,counsel,project,shrink,inhibition,inherit,affirm,co
32、ntribute,involvedrag ones feet,in/with relation to,in a different light,stand back,bounce intoUnit One:Your College Years1)Language Study2)Grammar3)ExerciseHomework1)Do the exercises of this unit;2)Learn the following key words&expressions with the help of reference books;3)Make clear the usage of“p
33、erceive”&“conceive”with profound examples.capability,counsel,project,shrink,inhibition,inherit,affirm,contribute,involvedrag ones feet,in/with relation to,in a different light,stand back,bounce intoperceiveconceiveRealize认识，明白Imagine想象，设想Understand明白，了解Work out想出，解决Consider考虑，认为 Be pregnant怀孕Languag
34、e Study:perceive&conceiveperceive&conceive1)perceive sth/that-:notice,realize,or feel sth 察觉，意识到 understand sth by studying&observing 理解，思考2)perceive sb/sth as:regard,consider 把看作1)conceive(of)sth:imagine that sth might happen(often negative)想象，设想 2)conceive(of)sb/sth as:consider 把看作 3)conceive(of)a
35、 plan or idea:think of an idea or work out a plan 构想，设计4)sb conceives or a baby is conceived:be pregnant 怀孕Choose the word:perceive/conceive1)He _that he could not make his daughter change her mind.2)He _ of the beautifully simple idea.3)Do you _ what I mean here?4)He could never _ of such a thing h
36、appening to himself.5)People used to _ of disease as a punishment for sin.6)The Wright brothers _ the design of the first successful motor-powered plane.perceivedconceivedperceiveconceiveconceivedconceiveLanguage study:key wordsCounsel劝告，建议(para 6,line 3)Inhibition禁止，阻止(para 4,last L but 1)Affirm断言(
37、para 8,line 1)Contribute贡献(para 10,line 2)Inherit继承(para 2,line 6)Capability能力，才能(para 4,line 4)Project设计，计划(para 5,line 2)Shrink收缩(para 6,line 5)Involve包括take over承袭，接管 abilitydesign,planget smallerincludeadvisehang-up挂断Declare宣称，声明Cause给带来c.f.distribute,attributedistribute v.to give things to a la
38、rge number of people;to spread sth.over an area(hand out)分发，分配，散布，发行distribute wedding candies among friendsdistribute magazines to subscribersdistribute manure肥料 over a fieldattribute n.a feature of sb./sth.(quality)特性，属性，性质 v.to say or believe that sth.is the result of a particular thing (oweto;as
39、cribeto)归因于Politeness is an attribute of a gentleman.He attributes his success to luckiness.inheritance,heritage inheritance usually refers to money or property which you receive from someone who has died.heritage is a big word which can be used to describe all the traditions/cultures/features of li
40、fe,etc that have continued for many years and have been passed on from one generation to another.Translation遗产税inheritance tax基因遗传genetic inheritance 世界文化遗产world cultural heritage 国粹national heritageCapability of sth/doing sth;to do sthc.f.capability,ability,capacity,faculty1)ability主要指人的智力或体力，可能是先天
41、的，也可能是通过学习或锻炼获得。强调能或不能。其后接to do sth或in/for sth。2）capability含义相似，既可指人，又可指物。强调“固有、潜在的能力”，其后接to do sth/of doing sth/for sth。3)capacity强调人的忍耐接受能力或物的容纳能力，其后接for sth/of sth。4)faculty强调人的官能，其后接for sth/of sth。Multiple choicesOur country has the _ to defeat any intruder.A.faculty B.capability C.ability D.cap
42、acity The hall has a _ of five hundred people.A.faculty B.capability C.ability D.capacity BDI will carry out your instructions to the best of my ability_.A.faculty B.capability C.ability D.capacity The childs reading _ was great.A.ability B.capability C.capacity D.faculty C(固定搭配固定搭配)AMan is the only
43、 animal that has the _ of speech.A.ability B.capability C.capacity D.faculty The professor in his lecture went beyond超过，胜过 the _ of his audience.A.ability B.capability C.capacity D.faculty DCProject:to project a damto project slides on a screento project a shadow投影to project a positive image to proj
44、ect feelings to project ones head through the windowpro:supportive支持的，有支持作用的,forward向前;ject:to throw扔，抛,shoot射proceedprogresspromotepropel provokepro-Britishabjectdejectejectinjectinterjectreject前进；进步促进推进激怒，招惹亲英派的 凄惨的，可怜的使沮丧，使气馁逐出，排斥注射，注入介入，插入拒绝，回绝get smaller:shrink,shrivel(up),contract Clothes gets
45、 smaller shrinkMetals get smaller contractMuscles get smaller and tighter contractA fruit or plant gets smaller shrivel upSkin get loose and dried shrivel up翻译：他因为紧张胃部一阵痉挛。热水会使羊毛缩水。树叶在秋天枯萎。虽然她还不到30，但看上去面有菜色，十分干枯。一般说来，金属会热涨冷缩。1)The company has decided to _ its sales by ten per cent next year.2)The ow
46、ner of the restaurant is going to _ the kitchen by ten feet this year.3)The metal will _ if heated.extendincreaseexpandincreaseextendexpandExtend,increase,expandLanguage study:phrasesin a different lightin the light of鉴于，由于stand back靠后站in/with relation to关系到drag ones feetbounce intoto distance onese
47、lfwith reference to/concerningwalk slowlywalk quicklyfrom a different perspectiveconsideringHow to walk!To walk quicklyTo walk slowly in a relaxed wayTo walk slowly because you are tiredTo walk slowly because you are in pain or weakTo walk slowly and carefullyTo walk in an unsteady wayTo walk with h
48、eavy,noisy stepsTo walk quietlyTo walk proudlyTo walk through waterstride,bounce into,pacestroll,sauntertrudgehobble&limp,shufflepick your waystagger,stumblestomptiptoe,creepswagger,strutwade,paddleHomeworkLearn the words and phrases by heart;Check them later.ReviewStride:大步流星Pace：来回踱步Stroll:漫步，闲逛Sa
49、unter:蹓跶Trudge:步履艰难Hobble:跛行Shuffle:挪脚Stagger:蹒跚学步Stumble:跌跌撞撞Stomp:跺脚Tiptoe:踮脚走Creep:悄声无息地走Swagger:大摇大摆地走，横着走Strut:昂首阔步Wade:涉水Paddle:戏水，蹚水Pick your way:择路而行An object is the recipient of an action which often follows a transitive过渡的 verb or a preposition.What can function as object are nouns,pronoun
50、s,numerals,infinitive phrases,gerund,noun clauses,etc.Example:Do you know where he lives?“Where he lives is the objective clause of“know”.Grammar:object宾语During this time,students are endeavoring努力，尝试 to find out who they are and what their strengths and weakness are.an infinitive phrase used as the
