1、 确认，识别，鉴别 identify 可能的选择 供选择的，其他的alternative 考古学 archaeology 考古学家 archaeologist 挨饿 starvation 试探性的 tentative 打岔 interrupt 敏锐的，有观察力的 acute 不管，不顾 regardless of 席子，垫子 mat 被子 quilt 野兽 beast 厘米 centimeter 使锋利 sharpen 磨具 sharpener 擦净，削平 scrape 足够的 ample 凌乱的 messy 原始的 primitive 植物学 botany 植物学的 botanical 分析
2、 analysis 使 成熟 ripen 种类 Category 意义 significance 不知怎么的 somehow 有系统的 systematic 吐出 spit/spat/spat/spit/spit/spit 删除 delete 相册 album 痕迹 scratch 学院 academy 接待员 receptionist 洋葱 onion 受够了 fed up with 酸乳酪 yogurt 放射性的 radioactive 瓜 melon 皱纹 wrinkle 脉搏 pulse 血管 vein 鼓掌欢迎 applaud 加速 accelerate 晕的 dizzy 锤子 ha
3、mmer 快乐地 gaily 有技巧的 skillful 追溯到 date back to/date from 标点符号 punctuation 崇拜 worship1 Complete the passage using the correct form of the words and phrase.Discovering useful words and expressions alternative sharpen identify regardless of aware excavation assume ample primitive due Davidson Black was
4、a Canadian doctor who organized the _ that led to the discovery of the bones in the Zhoukoudian caves near Beijing.He was a specialist in the study of bones and it was his ambition to find and _ bones of early humans.His university was _ of the significance of his work.excavationidentifyawareAt firs
5、t they gave him _ time to do this research,but later they realized he was prepared to pursue it _ his students needs and his teaching career,so they forbade him to travel there any more.It was his assistant,Pei Wenzhong,who made the discovery of these _ bones and _ stone tools.ampleregardless ofprim
6、itivesharpenedSomehow he cycled thirty miles to Dr Black because there was no _ means of transport.Dr Black _ this discovery would change the way academics thought about early people in China.He knew that his success was almost entirely _ to his assistants systematic hard work.due alternativeassumed
7、on behalf of in spite of regardless ofahead of because of instead of 2 Complete these sentences using the correct form of the phrases below.1.Nobody has the right to spit in the street _ their social position or age.regardless of2._ the songs popularity,the band deleted it from their new album as th
8、ey failed to find one who could sing it well enough.3.Sophie got a bad scratch from her cat _ her carelessness while playing with it.In spite ofbecause of4.Sam made a tentative guess that six months of his flying course lay _ him.5.The vice president gave a welcome speech _ the Academy of Arts at th
9、e exhibition.6.The guest waited patiently at the receptionists desk _ interrupting the meeting.instead of ahead ofon behalf of starvationanalysisacute3 Complete these sentences with words or phrases from the text.Make sure to use the correct form.1.Since the famine broke out,the number of people dyi
10、ng of _ has been increasing.2.The doctors _ stated that she has suffered from _ anxiety for a long time.3.This is really a _ bookshelf and I think you should organize it well and put the books in _.4.Do you know the best way to stop crying when _ onions?5.I will pay just 120 yuan for the quilt _ bec
11、ause I only have that much in my wallet.6.This table mat is ten square _,and you can get a dozen for only one dollar.at mostcentimetresmessycategoriescutting up凌乱的原始的植物学植物学的分析使 成熟种类意义不知怎么的有系统的吐出删除相册痕迹学院接待员洋葱受够了酸乳酪放射性的瓜皱纹脉搏 血管 鼓掌欢迎 加速 晕的 锤子 快乐地 有技巧的 追溯到 标点符号 崇拜现在完成进行时现在完成进行时现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间现在完成进行时表
12、示动作从过去某一时间一直延续到现在或离现在不远的时间。一直延续到现在或离现在不远的时间。其动作是否延续下去其动作是否延续下去,则由上下文而定。则由上下文而定。现在完成进行时多用持续性动词如现在完成进行时多用持续性动词如live,learn,lie,stay,wait,stand,rest,study等等,常和常和all the time,this week,this month,all night,all the morning,recently等状语以及等状语以及since和和for引导的时间状语或从句连用。引导的时间状语或从句连用。My younger brother has been a
13、ccessing the net.The baby has been sleeping for 1 hour.They have been playing basketball all the day.The boy has been reading a book for almost 4 hours.He has been talking with his friend.The telephone has been ringing for almost a minute.The sound has continued about one minute.The telephone is rin
14、ging.The young boy has been watching TV.The two robots have been dancing and singing since they have been made.I dont know why the pig has been running.They has been playing games in the school.Play gamesOh,you have come at last!I have been waiting for you for two long hours.(我等了你足足两个小时我等了你足足两个小时)Im
15、 sorry!You have been crying.(你一直在哭你一直在哭)You are here!I have been looking for you long.(我找了你老半天我找了你老半天)现在完成进行时现在完成进行时1.构成形式构成形式:hashave been doing2.用法用法1)叙述某一动作从过去开始一直继续到现在叙述某一动作从过去开始一直继续到现在 仍在继续之中或刚刚停止。经常与仍在继续之中或刚刚停止。经常与for,since,all morning/day/week用在一起。用在一起。You have been studying for four straight
16、 hours.Why dont you take a break?The telephone has been ringing for almost a minute.Why doesnt someone answer it?2)叙述叙述“最近最近”一直从事的工作或活动。一直从事的工作或活动。lately,recentlyWhats the matter?Your eyes are red and puffy.Have you been crying?你是不是一直在哭你是不是一直在哭?3)表示重复动作。有时现在完成进行时所表示重复动作。有时现在完成进行时所 表示的动作并不是在一直不停地进行表示
17、的动作并不是在一直不停地进行,而是而是 在断断续续地重复。在断断续续地重复。I have been knocking.I dont think anybodys in.我一直在敲门我一直在敲门,我想没人在里面。我想没人在里面。Youve been saying you can succeed for five years.5年来你一直在说你能成功。年来你一直在说你能成功。I have been writing letters since breakfast.我从早餐起就一直在写信。我从早餐起就一直在写信。4)表示表示“刚才、近来刚才、近来”发生的动作发生的动作,一般不再继续。一般不再继续。此时
18、一般通过上下文的语境进行判断。此时一般通过上下文的语境进行判断。My hands are dirty.Ive been painting the door.我的手很脏我的手很脏,我一直在漆门。我一直在漆门。What have you been eating to get as fat as this?你都吃什么啦你都吃什么啦,怎么这么胖？怎么这么胖？5)叙述从过去某时开始一直继续到现在叙述从过去某时开始一直继续到现在,但不再但不再 继续下去的事情。带有浓厚的感情色彩继续下去的事情。带有浓厚的感情色彩,强调强调 持续了持续了“那么久那么久”或做得或做得“那么辛苦那么辛苦”。I have been
19、 wanting to meet you for a long time.和你见面是我盼望已久的事了。和你见面是我盼望已久的事了。Too much has been happening today.今天真是一个多事的日子。今天真是一个多事的日子。Oh,you have come at last!I have been waiting for you for two long hours.我等了你足足两个小时。我等了你足足两个小时。You are here!I have been looking for you long.我找了你老半天。我找了你老半天。现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别现在完成进
20、行时与现在完成时的区别现在完成时现在完成时表示结果表示结果,其动作发生在过去，其动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响但对现在有影响;而且现在完成时也可而且现在完成时也可表示动作的持续。而现在完成时表示比较表示动作的持续。而现在完成时表示比较长久的动作和状态长久的动作和状态,而而现在完成进行时现在完成进行时表示较短暂的动作和状态表示较短暂的动作和状态,而且强调而且强调持续性或未暂停性。持续性或未暂停性。He hasnt worked for years.他多年来一直没有工作。他多年来一直没有工作。I havent been working very well recently.我最近工作不太顺利。我最
21、近工作不太顺利。They have built several bridges so far.到目前为止到目前为止,他们已建了好几座桥。他们已建了好几座桥。They have been building bridges so far.到目前为止到目前为止,他们一直在建桥。他们一直在建桥。1.China sent up Shenzhou V manned spaceship into space successfully,which shows science and technology _ rapidly in China.A.have been developing B.develops
22、C.is developing D.had developedPractice解析解析:答案答案A。该题考查现在完成进行时。该题考查现在完成进行时,表示动作的持续。表示动作的持续。A 2.Mrs.White became a teacher in 1985.She _ for twenty years by next summer.A.will teach B.would have taught C.has been teaching D.will have been teaching解析解析:答案答案D。该题考查将来完成进行时。该题考查将来完成进行时。D 3.-Hi,Tracy,you lo
23、ok tired.-I am tired.I _ the living room all day.A.painted B.had painted C.have been painting D.have painted解析解析:答案答案C。该题考查现在完成进行时。该题考查现在完成进行时。C 4.The two friends _ on the Internet for three hours,and they would go on till the next morning.A.had been chatting B.had chatted C.were chatting D.have bee
24、n chatting解析解析:答案答案D。该题考查现在完成进行时。该题考查现在完成进行时。D 5.Now that she is out of a job,Lucy _ going back to school,but she hasnt decided yet.A.had considered B.has been considering C.Considered D.is going to consider解析解析:答案答案B。题意为既然已经不上班了。题意为既然已经不上班了,露西一直露西一直在考虑重新回到学校在考虑重新回到学校,不过她还没有决定。不过她还没有决定。has been cons
25、idering 为现在完成进行时为现在完成进行时,主要表现在主要表现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的一个动作以前这一段时间里一直在进行的一个动作,这动作这动作仍然在进行仍然在进行,也可能停止了一会。也可能停止了一会。B 6.-How long _ in the factory?-Since 1990.A.were you working B.have you been working C.had you been working D.will you work解析解析:答案答案B。该题考查现在完成进行时。该题考查现在完成进行时。B 7.The first use of atomic weapon
26、s was in 1945,and their power _ increased enormously ever since.A.is B.was C.has been D.had been解析解析:答案答案C。该题考查现在完成时。现在。该题考查现在完成时。现在完成时表示到现在为止完成了完成时表示到现在为止完成了;现在完成现在完成进行时表示从过去持续到现在进行时表示从过去持续到现在,而且将来而且将来继续进行。继续进行。C 8.-Hi,Alan,I havet seen you for weeks.What _ recently?-Studying.A.have you been doing
27、B.have you done C.were you doing D.did you do解析解析:答案答案A。该题考查现在完成进行时。该题考查现在完成进行时。A 9.-Hi!We have not seen each other for almost two years.-I _ in a company as a secretary.A.had worked B.have worked C.worked D.have been working解析解析:答案答案D。该题考查现在完成进行时。该题考查现在完成进行时。D 10.I _ letters this morning and _ for
28、four hours so far.A.will write;wrote B.have written;have written C.was writing;wrote D.have been writing;have written解析解析:答案答案D。该题考查现在完成进行时和。该题考查现在完成进行时和现在完成时。题意为我今天早上一直在写信，现在完成时。题意为我今天早上一直在写信，到目前为止已经写了到目前为止已经写了4个小时。个小时。D 11.I have got a headache.No wonder.You _ in front of that computer too long.(江西江西2007)A.work B.are working C.have been working D.worked12.Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School,where she _ English for a year.(湖南湖南2007)A.studies B.studied C.is studying D.has been studyingC D HomeworkReview the usage of present perfect continuous tense.
