1、语法填空总复习指导高考英语复习专题三 2014年，高考英语全国卷开始采用语法填空题型代替单项年，高考英语全国卷开始采用语法填空题型代替单项选择，对英语语法的考查从单句层面上升到语篇层面。选择，对英语语法的考查从单句层面上升到语篇层面。2019年，高考英语北京卷继全国卷之后也将单项填空调整年，高考英语北京卷继全国卷之后也将单项填空调整为语法填空，在语篇层面上考查语法知识及应用能力。为语法填空，在语篇层面上考查语法知识及应用能力。201720182019时态语态一过、一现、过完(被动)一过，过进，现完，过完(被动)一过，一现非谓语动词To do(目的)、过分、现分动名词(主语)To do(目的)、
2、过分现分，过分、情态动词虚拟语气情态动词(含义)If虚拟情态动词(含义)If虚拟三大从句及并列句定从、主从、宾从、状从、并列句定从(非限)、表从、状从定从、名从特殊句式祈使句名词名词单名词单复数复数代词反身代词反身代词词性变换形容词词缀（形容词词缀（ful）小词介词介词介词、u在常规考点的基础上涉及了一些基础知识的考查u高考仅要求理解:同位语从句 倒装 强调 虚拟 命题特点u 题材：贴近学生的日常生活，很少选取冷僻专业的文章。u 体裁：记叙文，议论文，说明文（2019）材料长度和难度：共设有三小段阅读材料，每段材料的长度为90词左右，每段材料所涉及的时态会有所不同。整体难度适中，符合高中学生的
3、平均阅读水平。考查内容：有提示词和无提示词两种形式。给提示词的考查：不给出提示词的考查：AOn the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach.I 1 （voice）my biggest concern to my mother.“How will I make friends?”She handed me advice.“Be yourself.”For the past 20 years.I have lived by these words.Soon I will gra
4、duate and become part of the real world.Nervously 2 (face)challenges,I know I will whisper to 3 (I)the two simple words“Be yourself”.BEarth Day，4 (mark)on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.First celebrated 5 1970，the Day now includes events i
5、n more than 190 countries and regions（地区）.No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various 6 (activity)on Earth Day.You can plant a tree，make a meal with locally grown vegetables，or save powerthe possibilities are endless.CDoes the name of the college you attend really matter？
6、Research on the question 7 (suggest)that，for most students，it doesnt.What students do at college seems to matter much more than 8 they go.The students benefiting most from college are those 9 are totally engaged（参与）in academic life,taking full advantage of the colleges chances and resources（资源).Stud
7、ents should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend,and its never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and 10 (meaning)college experience.2019北京卷真题分析有提示词7题无提示词3题考虑实词（名形动副）考虑虚词（介连冠代情）解题步骤1.浏览全文目的是把握大意，为下一步“填空”做好“语义”上的准备，因为“语义”决定着空白处应填一个什么
8、意思的词语以及应该采用什么样的语法形式。在通读全文的过程中，为较好地把其大意，弄清该文的体裁、题材(话题)等，有利于真正读懂全文大意，也有利于在“填空”时进行必要的逻辑推理。2.在通读全文，了解文章大意之后，填空的过程是一个判断空白处应填词语的“语义”(已给出词语的除外)和正确的语法形式的思维过程。遇到一时想不起来或无法确定的题目，先跳过去，不要花太多的时间在一个空上，空着的题目，有可能会从后面的内容得到提示，或者在核查时进一步联系上下文进行推理。3.在答题时间充足的情况下，将所有答案“填进”短文中并进行通读，以最后确定答案，通读时要注意上下文之同的逻辑关系，避免出现前后矛盾或句子不通顺的问题
9、。1.通读全文，把握大意2.边读边填，先易后难3.重读全文，验证复查2019北京卷真题分析AOn the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach.I 1 (voice)my biggest concern to my mother.“How will I make friends?”She handed me advice.“Be yourself.”For the past 20 years,I have lived by these words.Soon I will gr
10、aduate and become part of the real world.Nervously 2 (face)challenges,I know I will whisper to 3 (I)the two simple words“Be yourself”.记叙文voicedfacing谓语动词非谓语动词人称代词myselfBEarth Day，4 (mark)on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.First celebrated 5
11、 1970，the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions（地区）.No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various 6 (activity)on Earth Day.You can plant a tree，make a meal with locally grown vegetables，or save powerthe possibilities are endless.marked非谓语动词in介词activ
12、ities名词说明文CDoes the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question 7_（suggest）that，for most students，it doesnt.What students do at college seems to matter much more than 8 they go.The students benefiting most from college are those 9 are totally engaged（参与）in academic life,tak
13、ing full advantage of the colleges chances and resources（资源).Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend,and its never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and 10 (meaning)college experience.suggests/suggested/has suggested谓语
14、动词wherewho/thatmeaningful定语从句词性转换宾语从句议论文考点考点题号题号题目数题目数动词的时态语态动词的时态语态1、72非谓语动词非谓语动词2、42代词代词31名词单复数名词单复数61词性转换词性转换101介词介词51连词连词从属连词名词性从句81定语从句91有提示词无提示冠词名词/形容词/副词并列连词、转折连词语法填空考点数词代词状语从句动词：谓语、非谓语、词性转换名词：单复数、词性转换形/副：词性转换、比较级、最高级代词：人称、物主、反身数词：序数词、基数词有提示提示词为动词谓语动词非谓语动词？如何判断谓如何判断谓&非谓非谓 首先找出句中首先找出句中所有的动词：所有
15、的动词：如果一个句子中只有一个动词，这个动词肯定作_。一个句子中有多个动词，则看有无连词(and,or,but)，有并列连词则为并列的_如没有，其中一个动词作_，其他多为_。谓语谓语非谓语1.Each year,sharks usually kill fewer than 10 people worldwide,and about 100 people (injure).2.In the past,people (fasten)a bamboo-made whistle onto a kite.3.In 2016,a massive renovation project (start)byVa
16、nke,4.Did you know what I did next?I (order)pizza.5.When the baker (bring)me the bread,I always put it on my scale and give him the same weight of butter.orderedare injuredfastened brings was started考虑时态、语态、主谓一致谓语动词非谓语动词(to do,doing,done)非谓语 doing（表主动，表进行）done（表被动，表完成）to do（表目的，表将来）withsb/sth+doing(
17、表主动且进行）sth+done(表被动且完成）sth+to do(表将来）1.While flying through the wind,it made sound like the music _ (produce)by guzheng,a traditional Chinese musical instrument.2.Therefore,the ability (trust)yourself will decide your future a lot.3.When (listen)to the sound of the waves,I feel peaceful.4.(build)in
18、1999,it was the first large ski resort to be built near Beijing.5.By doing this,the gallery hopes to earn money _(protect)elephants.produced to trust listeningBuilt非谓语动词(to do,doing,done)to protect1.So the scientists say (hang)out on a cold morning may boost the result of any test that day.2.That ma
19、y sound (frighten),but the bee isnt likely to hurt anyone.3.Mr.Banner,my English teacher sent me to an empty desk at the back without (introduce)me to the class.4.There are different kinds of parrots,but they all have strong beaks and feet,which they use for (climb)and holding food.frightening climb
20、ing hangingintroducing1.With Longqing Gorge to itseast and Guanting Reservoir to its west,it has fresh air and an (impress)environment.2.Garbage (collect)on Qomolangma requires two to three years of training,according to Cering Dandar,a mountaineer and guide.impressive 考虑词性转换collection既不是谓语也不是非谓语时经验
21、1.提示词为动词先确定谓语动词还是非谓语动词。2.看到句子缺少谓语动词，则括号中的动词就是谓语动词。3.看到句中已有谓语动词，又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列，则该动词就是非谓语动词。注意：既不是谓语也不是非谓语时，要考虑词性转换。提示词为名词1.Under the leadership of CPC,many (achievement)can be seen in every field.海淀2019二模2.About one million (copy)were sold and we became rich and popular.昌平2019二模3.When we visited he
22、r,she would kindly listen to all of our _ (trouble)and then say something so wise that we would leave her home with our singing.海淀2020期末4.According to many deaf people all around the world,the most _(practice)and popular way of communicating is with sign language.丰台2019一模5.They are (noise),but they
23、are clever birds and it is easy to teach them to talk.丰台2019二模6.A black hole is a spot in space that has _(power)gravity.海淀2019一模noisy achievements copies troublespracticalpowerful1以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加“es”,如2以辅音字母y结尾的词变y为i加es,如babybabies等；以元音字母y结尾的名词变复数直接加s变复数,如 monkeymonkeys,holidayholidays；3以o 结尾的名词变复
24、数时：a）加s的名词:photophotos,pianopianos,radioradios,zoozoos b）加es的名词:potatopotatoes,tomatotomatoes,heroheroes 4以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时：a）加s的名词有:beliefbeliefs,roofroofs,safesafes,gulfgulfsb）去掉f,fe 加ves的名词有：halfhalves,knifeknives,leafleaves,wolfwolves,wifewives,lifelives,thiefthievesbusbuses,watchwatches等1.The past
25、 four decades has seen China shift its society from a farmers community to a digital culture (successful).2.We listened to the laughter of the children and watched the river run by (slow)below.3.It was (fair)basic:4.The country now has the worlds (large)high-speed rail network.5.This means that you
26、can possibly be _(friendly)to people you do not know and be more creative and able to solve problems more quickly.successfully largest fairlyslowly more friendly/friendlier提示词为形容词或副词以字母y结尾的形容词，把y改为i，再加上“er”“est”busy(忙碌的)busierbusiestdirty(脏的)dirtierdirtiestdry(干燥的)drierdriestearly(早的)earlierearliest
27、easy(容易的)easiereasiestfriendly(友好的)friendlierfriendliest双写最后一个字母，再加上“er”“est”：big(大的)biggerbiggestfat(胖的)fatterfattesthot(热的)hotterhottestred(红的)redderreddestsad(伤心的)saddersaddestthin(瘦的)thinnerthinnestwet(湿的)wetterwettestmad(疯的)maddermaddest不规则变化的形容词：bad(坏的)worseworstgood/well(好的)betterbestill(病的)w
28、orseworstlittle(少的)lessleastmany/much(多的)moremostfar(远的)farther/furtherfarthest/furthestold(年老的)olderoldest(oldeldereldest)主格主格宾格宾格形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词反身代词I（我）me（我）my（我的）mine（我的）myselfwe（我们）us（我们）our（我们的）ours（我们的）ourselvesyou（你/你们）you（你/你们）your(你的/你们的)yours(你的/你们的)yourself/yourselveshe
29、（他）him（他）his（他的）his（他的）himselfshe（她）her（她）her（她的）hers她的）Herselfit（它）it（它）its（它的）its（它的）Itselfthey(他们）them（他们）their(他们的）theirs（他们的）themselves谓语动词前作主语用主格动词/介词后用宾格名词前要用形物代,表示某人的名物代=形物代+名词自己提示词为代词1.This angered (he),so he took the farmer to court.2.Also,speaking is very difficult for the deaf,because th
30、ey cant hear (they)own voices.3.he made (we)feel more satisfied with our life without even having to use one word.4.And this ambition may be due to the fact that Chinas young people are now more confident about (they)own culture.5.So when youre in a hard situation,you will believe in _(you)and spend
31、 the most difficult time with confidence.theirustheiryourself him连词,介词,冠词,代词每空仅填写一个词！无提示类连词连词连词并列连词并列连词从属连词从属连词表并列表并列/转折转折/对比对比/选择选择/因果因果 and/but/while/or/for/so名词性从句名词性从句 定语定语从句从句状语从句状语从句 主语从句主语从句 宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句 连词词组连词词组 not onlybut also,bothand eitheror,neithernor,that,wh-,how,wh-ever,since,as,b
32、ecause,if,although 1.连接词连接词：that,if,whether不不缺成分成分无意义无意义2.连接代词连接代词：what,who,whoever,whom,whatever,which,whichever,whose,whosever3.连接副词：连接副词：when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however“是否是否”缺状语缺状语名词性从句（主、宾、表）缺主/宾/表1.I enjoyed most were the cafes.2.By doing so,you could know you are weak in.3.The jud
33、ge asked the farmer he had a measuring tool.The farmer replied,“I have a pair of scale.4.In fact,cocoa beans were very important to people there.That was they were used as money.What what if/whether why一找二查三选名词性从句（主、宾、表）定语从句先行词 +关系词 +从 句1.You are more likely to be attacked in parts of the sea _ tour
34、ists throw in food to bring in sharks.2.The performers tie two wooden stilts(高跷)to their feet,_ makes them taller than others.3.When I was in high school our physics teacher gave us a challenge involved making a paper airplane of any shape.4.Charlie Chaplin was an extraordinary performer _ acted in
35、and directed many outstanding comedies.where that/whichwhichwho/that 定语从句1.Its an organization that introduces solar cookers to developing countries teaches people how to use them.2.Kite flying is popular around China.It is known as zhiyuan,as kites were made of paper when they fly,they are like eag
36、les.3.Your teeth may be part of your smile,they have a more important jobthey are the first step in the process of digestion.andbutand连词4.A team will deal with the task the climbing season ends this May,by which time there will be fewer visitors.when/after1.完整完整句子中，句子中，并列的并列的两个单词或短语之间，需两个单词或短语之间，需要填
37、并列连词要填并列连词。2.如果两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间直接连接或用逗号连接,需要填并列连词或从属连词。3.特殊句式的连词应用。连词1.the age of 10,I went to the beach for the first time.2.60 million sharks are killed _ food and medicine every year.3.who may be leading experts their fields.4.young people,we should focus more on major problems,like poverty,enviro
38、nmental problems and healthcare facing all human beings.5.What a particular people like to eat can tell us a lot a countrys geography,history and traditions.6.Anyone can participate in this movement switching off the lights at 8:30 PM local time.At byfor inAsabout介词1.Discovering yourself plays impor
39、tant role in inspiring your confidence.海淀2019二模2.As result,people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.2017课标全国卷I冠词ana无提示类解题技巧(1)缺主语或宾语，考虑填代词;(2)名词前面考虑填限定词或介词;(3)代词前面考填介词，同时考虑动宾搭配或介宾搭配;(4)若两个单词、短语或句子(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连接词，也没有分号或句号，考虑填连词。有提示词无提示词Tips 书写要规范，不丢冤枉分！在句首别忘了首字母大写！每
40、空仅一词的一定不要分开！The more difficult,the better?不要花大量的时间去钻难题、偏题和怪题，而要牢牢掌握最常用的语法要点，达到运用自如。语法填空题考高分的同学不是经常钻难题，而是能够熟练和准确地应用基础语法，减少基础题的失误就能拿高分!Homework 复习本课所学并完成两套语法填空试题，体会做题技巧。Have a try!ATea is 21 important part of Chinese tradition.It is deeply woven into the history and culture of China.Together 22 firewo
41、od,rice,oil,salt,soy sauce,and vinegar,tea is considered one of the seven necessities of Chinese life,According to a popular legend,tea was discovered by Chinese Emperor Shennong in 2737BC.Since the late 19th century,tea 23 (become)the specific Chinese drink in the world.anwithhas becomeBThe Great W
42、all 24 (list)as a World Heritage by UNESCO in 1987.Just like a dragon,it winds up and down across deserts,grasslands and mountains,25 (run)about 21,196 kilometers from east to west.The construction of the Great Wall was not easy,and Qin Shihung succeeded in his effort to have the walls 26 (join)toge
43、ther.The Great Wall is now one of the most appealing 27 (attraction)all around the world.was listedrunning joined attractionsThe 9th day of the 9th lunar month is the traditional Chongyang Festival or the Double Ninth Festival in China.It is also an occasion 28 (remember)the ancestors.29 people do o
44、n this day varies from place to place.In general,climbing mountains,admiring chrysanthemums(菊花)and eating Chongyang Cake are popular activities.The celebration of the Double Ninth Festival has a long history in China,but it is hard to say exactly 30 these customs were created.to rememberWhat when 思维导图主题词汇 （词汇群）利用规律词性变化 （构词法）探究规律 语法规则 （表意）复习建议复习建议语境考点考点题号题号题目数题目数动词的时态语态动词的时态语态1、72非谓语动词非谓语动词2、42代词代词31名词单复数名词单复数61词性转换词性转换101介词介词51名词性从句名词性从句（宾语从句）（宾语从句）81定语从句定语从句91有提示词无提示冠词名词/形容词/副词语法填空考点数词代词连词
