1、1宾语从句中的虚拟语气A组何雨濛 罗敬涵胡庄秀王潇2三种语气?陈述语气陈述事实或询问事情,用于陈述句,疑问句或感叹句中?祈使语气表示劝告、命令、希望或禁止等,用原形动词开始,主语常被省略?虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,而不表示客观存在的事实,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。3虚拟语气主要用法?“if”条件句?宾语从句?主语从句?状语从句?表语从句、同位语从句?其它41?(a)表示对现在事实的假设愿望,从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时。?主语+wish+从句(主语+过去式+)?I wish I were as young as you.(真希望我能和你一样年轻。)?How
2、 I wish it werent raining!(现在要是不下雨该多好啊!)“wish”后的宾语从句5虚拟语气的从句中,动词“be”的过去时态一律用“were”1“wish”后的宾语从句6?(b)表示与过去事实相反的愿望,从句谓语用 过去完成时。?主语+wish+从句(主语+had+过去分词+)?I wish I had been here last night.(我要是昨晚在这儿就好了。)?He wishes he hadnt spent so much money.(他后悔不该花那么多钱。)?I wish I had learned more.(我多么希望我以前多学一些啊!)1“wis
3、h”后的宾语从句7?(c)表示对将来的不太可能实现的愿望,从句谓语用过去将来时。?主语+wish+从句(主语+would/could/might+动词原形)?I wish I could fly to the moon one day.(我希望有一天可以飞到月球上去。)?How she wishes her eyes would seeagain!(她多么希望双眼能重见光明啊!)1“wish”后的宾语从句8?wish&hope?wish+从句,表示的是很难不可能实现的愿望,从句必须用虚拟语气。?hope+从句,表示的是有可能实现的事实,从句不能用虚拟语气。1“wish”后的宾语从句9e.g.?
4、He wishes his son would win the competition.他真希望他的儿子在竞赛中能够获胜。(可惜获胜不了)?He hopes that his son will win the competition.他希望他儿子在竞赛中能够获胜。(有可能获胜)1“wish”后的宾语从句10?一个坚持(insist)?两个命令(order,command)?三个建议(suggest,propose,advise)?四个要求(ask,demand,require,request)?在这些动词后的宾语从句中的谓语动词用(should)+do(动词原形)?在这类句型中只能用 shou
5、ld,不可以用would,could,might等别的词代替。而在现代英语中,should 常被省略。2表要求、建议、命令的宾语从句11?特殊:动词insist和suggest后接宾语从句时?若谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生,或尚未成为事实,则用虚拟语气。insist坚持要求;suggest建议?若谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生,或已经成为事实,则要用陈述语气。insist坚持认为;suggest表明,认为2表要求、建议、命令的宾语从句12e.g.?He insisted that I had read his letter.(他坚持说坚持说我看过他的信。)?He insisted that I(
6、should)read his letter.(他坚持要坚持要我看他的信。)?He suggested that we(should)stayfor dinner.(他建议建议我们留下吃饭。)?His face suggested that he was angry.(他的脸色表明表明他生气了。)2表要求、建议、命令的宾语从句13?would rather引导的的宾语从句,表示“宁愿、宁可”,语气较为委婉。3would rather后的宾语从句would rather/would sooner/had rather that过去发生过去发生过去完成时过去完成时现在发生一般过去时将来发生将来发生一般过去时一般过去时从句谓语动词14?I would rather you hadnt said it.(我真希望你没有这样说过。)?I would rather we had a rest now.(我希望我们现在休息一下.)?I would rather you met her at the airport tomorrow morning.(但愿你明天早上能在机场见到她.)3would rather后的宾语从句15