1、 单元语法聚焦八单元语法聚焦八 语法点击语法点击 现在完成时现在完成时( (一一) ) 1 1构成构成 主语助动词主语助动词have/hashave/has动词的过去分词。动词的过去分词。 2 2用法用法 表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 常和常和already, yet, never, ever, just, beforealready, yet, never, ever, just, before等副词连用。等副词连用。 如:如: I cant find my watch now.I think I have alread
2、y I cant find my watch now.I think I have already lost it.lost it. 单元语法聚焦八单元语法聚焦八 现在我找不到我的手表了,我想我已经把它弄丢了。现在我找不到我的手表了,我想我已经把它弄丢了。(“(“丢丢 手表”发生在过去,但现在还没有找到,即过去的动作对现在手表”发生在过去,但现在还没有找到,即过去的动作对现在 造成的影响。造成的影响。) ) He has seen the film, so he wont go with us.He has seen the film, so he wont go with us. 他看过这部
3、电影了,因此他不会和我们一起去。他看过这部电影了,因此他不会和我们一起去。(“(“看电影”看电影” 发生在过去,但对现在还有一定的影响。发生在过去,但对现在还有一定的影响。) ) 注意:注意: alreadyalready与与yetyet都有都有 “已经”的意思,但“已经”的意思,但already already 常用于肯定句中,常用于肯定句中, yetyet常用于否定句和疑问句中,并位于句末。常用于否定句和疑问句中,并位于句末。 如:如: I have already finished my homework.I have already finished my homework. 我已经完
4、成作业了。我已经完成作业了。 单元语法聚焦八单元语法聚焦八 I havent finished my homework yet.I havent finished my homework yet. 我还没有完成作业。我还没有完成作业。 注意:注意: alreadyalready有时也用于疑问句中,表示一种惊讶的语有时也用于疑问句中,表示一种惊讶的语 气。如:气。如: Have they left alreadyHave they left already?他们?他们( (居然居然) )已经走了?已经走了? 3 3现在完成时的基本句式现在完成时的基本句式 (1)(1)肯定句:主语肯定句:主语ha
5、ve/hashave/has动词的过去分词宾语其动词的过去分词宾语其 他。如:他。如: He has finished his homework.He has finished his homework. 他已经完成作业了。他已经完成作业了。 单元语法聚焦八单元语法聚焦八 (2)(2)否定句:主语否定句:主语have/hashave/hasnotnot动词的过去分词宾动词的过去分词宾 语其他。如:语其他。如: She has not/hasnt finished reading the book.She has not/hasnt finished reading the book. 她还没有
6、读完那本书。她还没有读完那本书。 (3)(3)一般疑问句:一般疑问句: Have/HasHave/Has主语动词的过去分词宾主语动词的过去分词宾 语其他?如:语其他?如: Has she finished her homework yet?Has she finished her homework yet? 她已经完成作业了吗?她已经完成作业了吗? 肯定回答:肯定回答: Yes, she has.Yes, she has.是的,她完成了。是的,她完成了。 否定回答:否定回答: No, she hasnt.No, she hasnt.不,她还没完成。不,她还没完成。 单元语法聚焦八单元语法聚焦八
7、 (4)(4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词have/hashave/has主语动词的主语动词的 过去分词宾语其他?如:过去分词宾语其他?如: How long has your father worked in the factoryHow long has your father worked in the factory? 你父亲在这家工厂工作多长时间了?你父亲在这家工厂工作多长时间了? 单元语法聚焦八单元语法聚焦八 实战演练实战演练 ( ( )1.)1.How clean the bedroom is!How clean the bedroom is! Yes.I am
8、 sure that someone _ it.Yes.I am sure that someone _ it. A Acleanscleans B Bcleanedcleaned C Chas cleaned Dhas cleaned Dhad cleanedhad cleaned 解析解析 C C 由上下文可知,句意为“我相信有人已给打扫由上下文可知,句意为“我相信有人已给打扫 过了”,故用现在完成时。过了”,故用现在完成时。 单元语法聚焦八单元语法聚焦八 ( ( )2.)2.Hi, guys. Where are you going now?Hi, guys. Where are you
9、 going now? Home. We _ all our money, so we have to Home. We _ all our money, so we have to walk home now.walk home now. A Aspend Bspend Bspentspent C Chave spent Dhave spent Dare spending are spending 解析解析 C C 由上下文可知,句意为“我们已经花光了所有由上下文可知,句意为“我们已经花光了所有 的钱,所以我们只能走回家了”,故用现在完成时。的钱,所以我们只能走回家了”,故用现在完成时。 单
10、元语法聚焦八单元语法聚焦八 ( ( )3.The meeting has already been on for about )3.The meeting has already been on for about ten minutes, but Henry _yet. He must have ten minutes, but Henry _yet. He must have something important to do.something important to do. A Ahasnt appeared Bhasnt appeared Bhas comehas come C C
11、hasnt spoken Dhasnt spoken Dhas lost has lost 解析解析 A A 单元语法聚焦八单元语法聚焦八 ( ( )4.)4.Why dont you borrow this book? Why dont you borrow this book? Its fantastic. But I _ it before.Its fantastic. But I _ it before. A Aread Bread Bhave read have read C Cwas reading Dwas reading Dam readingam reading 解析解析 B
12、 B 由句意和由句意和before before 可知,本句为现在完成时态。可知,本句为现在完成时态。 单元语法聚焦八单元语法聚焦八 ( ( )5.)5.Bill hasnt finished reading Treasure Bill hasnt finished reading Treasure Island yet. What about you?Island yet. What about you? Ive read it twice _Ive read it twice _ A Ajust then Bjust then Bjust nowjust now C Cyet Dyet Dalready already 解析解析 D D