1、代词讲解知识梳理一、代词的分类一、代词的分类 代词是用来代替名词的一种词类,大多数代词具有名词或形容词的代词是用来代替名词的一种词类,大多数代词具有名词或形容词的功能。英语中的代词通常分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代功能。英语中的代词通常分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、关系代词、连接代词和替代词等词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、关系代词、连接代词和替代词等10种。在小学阶段,主要考查前种。在小学阶段,主要考查前6种代词。种代词。1.人称代词的构成人称代词的构成二、人称代词二、人称代词 2.人称代词的用法人称代词的用法 (1)人称代词的主格:在
2、句子中作主语,也就是该句所描述的状态)人称代词的主格:在句子中作主语,也就是该句所描述的状态的呈现者或动作的执行者。在陈述句中,它位于句子的最前面。如:的呈现者或动作的执行者。在陈述句中,它位于句子的最前面。如:I am in the classroom.She plays the violin very well.They worked in the factory last year.(2)人称代词)人称代词it:在英语中,:在英语中,it有许多不同的用法,其中一种用法是有许多不同的用法,其中一种用法是用作代词,指代前面已经提到过的人、事或物。如:用作代词,指代前面已经提到过的人、事或物。
3、如:A:Who is that?B:Its me.A:Whats the weather like in winter in Beijing?B:Its snowy and cold.A:Wheres your car?B:Its in the garage(车库)(车库).(3)人称代词的宾格:在句子中作宾语,位于动词或介词之后,是)人称代词的宾格:在句子中作宾语,位于动词或介词之后,是动作的承受者。如:动作的承受者。如:Mr Li teaches us English.The fish in the fridge is for me.(4)人称代词并列出现的排列顺序:当几个人称代词并列出现
4、时,)人称代词并列出现的排列顺序:当几个人称代词并列出现时,其排列顺序与中文的不同。其排列顺序与中文的不同。单数人称代词并列作主语或宾语时,其顺序为:第二人称、第三单数人称代词并列作主语或宾语时,其顺序为:第二人称、第三人称、第一人称。如:人称、第一人称。如:You and I can come into the hall now.My brother and I are going to the cinema this evening.You and Amy were there at that time.You,Mike and I rowed a boat on the lake las
5、t summer.The cake is for you and me.复数人称代词并列作主语或宾语时,其顺序为:第一人称、第二复数人称代词并列作主语或宾语时,其顺序为:第一人称、第二人称、第三人称。如:人称、第三人称。如:We and you are going to plant trees in the nature park.You and they climbed the highest mountain two years ago.1.物主代词的构成物主代词的构成三、物主代词三、物主代词 2.物主代词的用法物主代词的用法 (1)形容词性物主代词放在名词之前,用来修饰名词,这一点与形)
6、形容词性物主代词放在名词之前,用来修饰名词,这一点与形容词有相似之处,都不能单独使用。如:容词有相似之处,都不能单独使用。如:This is my room.His cousin is in America now.(2)名词性物主代词可以像名词一样单独使用,其作用相当于)名词性物主代词可以像名词一样单独使用,其作用相当于“形容形容词性物主代词名词词性物主代词名词”。如:如:This room is mine.(minemy room)His hobby is playing computer games.Its the same as hers.(hersher hobby)1.反身代词的构
7、成反身代词的构成四、反身代词四、反身代词 【注】【注】反身代词的构成说明:第一、二人称的单数形式在形容词性物反身代词的构成说明:第一、二人称的单数形式在形容词性物主代词之后加主代词之后加-self,复数形式在形容词性物主代词后加,复数形式在形容词性物主代词后加-selves;第三人称;第三人称在宾格代词后加在宾格代词后加-self(单数形式)或(单数形式)或-selves(复数形式)。(复数形式)。2.反身代词的用法反身代词的用法 (1)反身代词常用来加强语气。如:)反身代词常用来加强语气。如:The king went to see the girl himself.I can do it
8、by myself.(2)反身代词也可以用在动词之后。如:)反身代词也可以用在动词之后。如:David teaches himself Chinese.She will be herself again in no time.指示代词表示指示代词表示“这个这个”“那个那个”“这些这些”“那些那些”等含义等含义。常见的指示代词有常见的指示代词有this,that,these,those等等。this和和that用于指代名词单数形式;用于指代名词单数形式;these和和those用用于指代名词复数形式于指代名词复数形式。this和和these用于指代空间上较近的事物;用于指代空间上较近的事物;th
9、at和和those用于指代空间上较远的事物用于指代空间上较远的事物。五、指示代词五、指示代词举一反三一、一、Read and write.按要求写单词。按要求写单词。1.she(名词性物主代词)(名词性物主代词)_ 2.she(复数形式)(复数形式)_3.we(单数形式)(单数形式)_ 4.this(反义词)(反义词)_二、二、Read and translate.英汉互译。英汉互译。1.他的背包他的背包 _2.我的一个朋友我的一个朋友 _3.look at him _4.its name _hersItheythathis bagone of my friends/a friend of m
10、ine看着他看着他它的名字它的名字【例【例3】Read and choose.单项填空。单项填空。()1.This is _ crayon,and _ is over there.A.my;your B.mine;yours C.my;yours()2.There are 30 students in this class._ student has a computer.A.Each B.One C.Every()3.Most people think _ are the winners.A.ours B.us C.we举一反三三、三、Read and choose.单项填空。单项填空。()
11、1.The girl cant find her mother.Lets go and help _.A.she B.her C.hers()2.This is Mr Green.We are _ students.A.hes B.his C.he()3.I dont have _ questions.A.no B.some C.any()4.Sarah:_ bike is it?Amy:Its his bike.A.What B.Which C.WhoseBBCC四、四、Read,choose and fill.选择括号内适当的代词填空。选择括号内适当的代词填空。1.He is _(I,my
12、,me)father.2.Pass _(me,I,my)a pen,please.3.Can I use _(you,your,yours)eraser?4.Please help _(them,their,they)clean the classroom.5.Are _(this,these)your pens?6.Be quiet.Please dont wake _(he,him,his)up.7.This pencil is _(me,my,mine).8.That yellow shirt is _(she,her,hers).9.Can you tell _(me,my,I)the
13、 way to the park?10.Sarah does _(she,her,hers)homework every day.mymeyourthemthesehimminehersmeher举一反三六、六、Read and write.按要求改写句子按要求改写句子。There is some water in the glass.1.否定句否定句:_2.一般疑问句一般疑问句:_There isnt any water in the glass.Is there any water in the glass?过关检测一、一、Read and write.按要求写单词。按要求写单词。1.I(
14、宾格)(宾格)_ 2.they(宾格)(宾格)_3.we(名词性物主代词)(名词性物主代词)_4.she(形容词性物主代词)(形容词性物主代词)_5.him(主格)(主格)_ 6.you(主格)(主格)_7.it(反身代词)(反身代词)_ 8.us(反身代词)(反身代词)_9.that(复数形式)(复数形式)_ 10.those(反义词)(反义词)_methemoursherheyouitself ourselvesthosethese二、二、Read and fill.根据句意,用适当的代词填空。根据句意,用适当的代词填空。1.This is my brother._ are twins.2
15、.Miss Green is our teacher.We all like _ very much.3.Sarah has four pens,but she doesnt use _.4.This is not her book._ is in my schoolbag.5.A:What time does _ sister have breakfast?B:My sister has breakfast at 7:00.6._ are my shoes?I cant find _.WeherthemHersyourWherethem7.A:_ are you doing?B:Im doi
16、ng _ homework.8.A:Whose T-shirt is that?B:Its _.I like it very much.9.I have a dog._ name is Gogo.10.She is a friend of _.We got to know each other two years ago.WhatmymineItsmine三、三、Read and choose.单项填空单项填空。()1._ pencil box is beautiful.But _ is more beautiful than _.A.Toms;my;he B.Toms;mine;his C.
17、Toms;mine;him()2.Most of _ like Chinese food.A.they B.their C.themBC()3._ is Betty?Toms sister.A.What B.Where C.Who()4._ all like playing football.A.I,you and he B.He,you and I C.You,he and ICC()5.Thats not _.It is _.I made it _.A.yours;mine;myself B.your;mine;myself C.yours;her;myself()6.I cant rep
18、air the model ship _.Can you help _?A.me;myself B.myself;myself C.myself;meAC四、四、Read and write.按要求改写句子。按要求改写句子。1.This is their classroom.(改为同义句)(改为同义句)_2.This is my book,and that is his book.(改为复数形式)(改为复数形式)_3.我们的老师喜欢我们,我们也喜欢他。(汉译英)我们的老师喜欢我们,我们也喜欢他。(汉译英)_4.这是谁的书?(汉译英)这是谁的书?(汉译英)_5.This red bottle is Mikes.(就画线部分提问)(就画线部分提问)_This classroom is theirs.These are our books,and those are their books.Our teacher likes us,and we like him,too.Whose book is this?Whose is this red bottle?/Whose red bottle is this?