1、【 精品教育资源文库 】 Unit 3 Under the sea . 阅读理解 A (2018 惠州市高三第一次调研考试 ) Following the crowd may not always be in a persons best interest. But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults. Scientists have known that close friendships help boost health. Tha
2、ts true for both teens and adults. The finding inspired Joseph Allen, a psychologist at the University of Virginia, and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health. So they followed 171 teens, starting when the kids were just 13. They interviewed each one eve
3、ry year for five years, and also spoke to these teens closest friends, who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships. The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25, 26 and 27. This time, the questions surveyed each persons overall health. When the researchers ana
4、lyzed the data, they found a strong connection between a teens behavior and adult health. Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults. Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to close friends also influenced later health. Those who held back their feelings were mo
5、re likely to be sick as adults. The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health. Weight, family income and drug use were all examined. So were mental health issues, such as anxiety and depression. And in these people, such other factors did not expl
6、ain adult health as well as teen friendships did. Getting along with the crowd may have benefits, says Allen, but there are also drawbacks. Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work. And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior, such as smoking, drinking
7、 or using drugs. Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge, Allen acknowledges. “Finding the right balance is the key. Teens shouldnt lose heart for not finding this easy.” And, he adds, “Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.” 【文章大意】 研究表明，与朋友较少或者没有朋友的青少年相比，有朋友的青少年在长大后更健康。当然，
8、与朋友相处也有坏处。 1 Where can you probably read this passage? A Science fiction. B Health column. C Fashion magazine. D Entertainment newspaper. 答案与解析： B考查推理判断。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍青少年时的友谊对青少年成年后健康的影响。据此可知，本文属于健康知识类文章，故可判 断，本文可能选自 “ 健康专栏 ” ，故 B 项正确。 2 We can learn from Allens study that _. A many other factors hav
9、e a greater influence on adult health than teen friendships B mental health issues have nothing to do with adult health C the same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27 D the teens who couldnt express themselves grew up to be unhealthier 答案与解析： D考查细节理解。根据第三段中的 “Whether teens held back.
10、sick as 【 精品教育资源文库 】 adults.” 可知，青少年是否向他们的好朋友表达情感也会影响到其成年后的健康，那些压抑情感的青少年成年后很可能不健康。故 D 项正确。 3 According to what Allen said, we can know that _. A in order to do better at school, teens should not follow the crowd B though its challenging for teens to deal with peer pressure, they should not give up
11、C teens will engage in smoking, drinking or using drugs when facing peer pressure D parents should understand their teens and stop them going with friends 答案与解析： B考查细节理解。根据最后一段内容可知，与朋友相处使得青少年在成年后更加健康的同时也会带来不利影响，即周围同龄人带来的压力，这些压力会导致许多问题。分析 Allen 的话 “Finding the right balance is the key. Teens shouldnt
12、 lose heart for not finding this easy.” 可以判断，青少年要应对这些压力，找到正确的平衡点是关键，不能因为很难找到平衡点就灰心丧气。故选 B。 4 What can be inferred from the passage? A There is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd. B Close friendships are the most important for peoples health. C Teen friendships may help teens become healthier
13、adults. D Adult health is only influenced by teen friendships. 答案与解析： C考查推理判断。根据文章第一段第二句 “But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.” 可知，与朋友相处的青少年在成年后会更加健康。 C 项意为 “ 青少年时期的友谊会帮助青少年成为 更加健康的成年人 ” ，符合文章意思，故 C项正确。根据最后一段第一句 “Getting along with the
14、 crowd may have benefits, says Allen, but there are also drawbacks.” 可知，与朋友相处有好处，但是也有一定的缺点，故 A 项与文意不符； B 项错在 “the most” ，D 项错在 “only” ，都太过于绝对。 B (2018 成都市高中毕业班摸底测试 ) The Scottish composer Evelyn Glennie lost nearly all her hearing as a young girl, yet went on to a very successful career in music inc
15、luding winning Grammy awards. When somebody asks her, “How do you hear ？ ” She responds, “How do you hear? Is it only with your ears？ ” For Glennie, and for us too, l istening is not only hearing, but is understanding. We need to listen to what is said and unsaid, and also how it is said. Its import
16、ant to hear what people say accurately. As Mark Twain said， “The difference between the right word and the almost right word is the difference between lightning and the lightning bug (萤火虫 ) ” If you miss something or youre not sure youve heard accurately, ask the speakers. At this point youre not ev
17、aluating what they say, but just looking for accuracy and understanding. Here are some ways to get clear about what they say and dont say. Why are they saying this now, instead of sooner or later? Why are they emphasizing these points, instead of something else? Listen to how it is said. People send
18、 signals about what they mean with their voices and body language that sometimes differ from the words they say. While going through the next points, think about someone whose real meaning you might sometimes miss, and see if any of these signals might come up. First, voices. When others speak, noti
19、ce changes in their volume, pace, and tone. Second, body language. Notice gestures, eye contact, and facial expressions. Do these sync what they are saying, or do they tell a different story? Third, emotions. What is the person true feeling? Now you might not know for sure, but be considerate, open
20、to understanding, and ask 【 精品教育资源文库 】 thoughtful questions. 【文章大意】 本文讲述了聆听的内涵。我们要听懂说话人想要表达的言外之意，并且要注意说话方式。 5. Whats the writers purpose of mentioning Evelyn Glennie? A To give an example of wise words. B To introduce a worldfamous musician. C To help explain the meaning of listening. D To encourag
21、e us to fight against disability. 答案与解析： C考查推理判断。根据第一段中的 “For Glennie, and for us too, listening is not only hearing, but is understanding.” 可知，对于 Glennie 和 “ 我们 ”来说，聆听不仅是用耳 朵听而且是理解，这里说明了聆听的内涵。所以选项 C 正确。 6 What can we learn from what Mark Twain said? A It is important to have a good knowledge of Eng
22、lish words. B People should know words can be used in many different ways. C English is a very complicated language with a large vocabulary. D The slight difference between words may result in misunderstanding. 答案与解析： D考查推理判断。根据第二段中的 “Its important to hear what people say accurately.” 和 “At this point youre not evaluating what they say, but just looking for accuracy and understanding.” 可知，准确听懂说话者的意思很重要。因此，选项 D“ 词语的细微差异可能导致误解。 ” 与 Mark Twain 所说的话意思相吻合。 7 What does the underlined word “sync” probably mean? A Match. B Prove. C Describe. D Analyze. 答案与解析： A考查词义猜测。画线词前的修饰词 these
