1、Gene专治各种写作疑难杂症应对考试是有方法的，但学好英语本身没有捷径。英文写作本身是一个博大精深的话题，四级作文不过是沧海一粟。Question 1How do you put a giraffe into a refrigerator?Open the refrigerator,put in the giraffe and close the door.Question 2：How do you put an elephant into a refrigerator?Correct answer:Open the refrigerator,take out the giraffe,put
2、in the elephant and close the door.Question 3Question 4There is a river you must cross.But it is inhabited by crocodiles.And there are no bridges or any other means.How do you manage to cross the river?You swim across!Because all the crocodiles are attending the animal meeting!Professionalspreschool
3、ersResults：Think in another way!现象现象 四级英语评分标准解读四级英语评分标准解读 四级英语写作八大误区四级英语写作八大误区 四级英语作文十大禁忌四级英语作文十大禁忌 英语写作语言的丰富性英语写作语言的丰富性 四级英语写作闪光句型四级英语写作闪光句型 图表式作文图表式作文 应用文写作应用文写作 范文赏析及点评范文赏析及点评 预测范文预测范文 对策对策 构思简单，少犯错误。外语考试的作文，考查的构思简单，少犯错误。外语考试的作文，考查的目标不是考生的思维水平或逻辑分析能力，而是目标不是考生的思维水平或逻辑分析能力，而是考核语言表达能力。所以建议采取的措施是，简考核
4、语言表达能力。所以建议采取的措施是，简化自己的思维和分析。也就是，如何降低自己的化自己的思维和分析。也就是，如何降低自己的思维水平，来迎合自己有限的语言状况。语言上，思维水平，来迎合自己有限的语言状况。语言上，关键在于变化，变化不分难易，只要有变化就行。关键在于变化，变化不分难易，只要有变化就行。变化分为词的变化、句的变化。在用词上，同一变化分为词的变化、句的变化。在用词上，同一文章中，相同意义的词要争取不断的用近义词替文章中，相同意义的词要争取不断的用近义词替换。换。四级英语评分标准解读Global scoringReward Scores 从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评判。内容和语言
5、是一个统一体。作文应表达题目所规定的内容，而内容要通过语言来表达。2分分条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分 句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。5分分基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较 多的严重语言错误。多的严重语言错误。8分分基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字 勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严 重错误。重错误。11分分切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语切题。表达思想清楚，文字
6、连贯，但有少量语 言错误。言错误。14分分切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较强切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较强 基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。四级英语写作误区四级英语写作误区 过分注重内容而忽略了语言过分注重内容而忽略了语言 简单翻译简单翻译outline中提出的中文中提出的中文 过分迷恋所谓的过分迷恋所谓的“万能模式万能模式”，企图以，企图以“模式模式”来代替大量的写作实践。来代替大量的写作实践。使用句型太复杂以致出错使用句型太复杂以致出错 加入太多的想象成分，使内容细节过多，加入太多的想象成分，使内容细节过多，文章冗长。意识流倾向。文章冗长。意
7、识流倾向。用中文思维串联英文词汇用中文思维串联英文词汇 过分过分“精雕细琢精雕细琢”而忽视了而忽视了“大局大局”英语作文十大英语作文十大禁忌禁忌 忌忌中国式英语中国式英语 忌忌字迹潦草字迹潦草 忌忌语言口语化语言口语化 忌忌标点和首字母错误标点和首字母错误 忌忌一味的使用从句一味的使用从句 忌忌意识流写作意识流写作 忌忌句式单一，关键词重复句式单一，关键词重复 忌忌时态跳跃，穿越时空时态跳跃，穿越时空 忌忌重大语法错误重大语法错误 忌忌单词拼写错误单词拼写错误American Chinese not enough heart flower angry openYou have seed，I w
8、ill give you some color to see see,brothers！together up！汉式表达（汉语思维）汉式表达（汉语思维）Chinglish way of expression 1.a）However,everything has its black side.b)However,there are two sides to everything./everything has its drawbacks./everything has its pros and cons./nothing is perfect.2 a）There is no doubt that
9、 proper physical activities keep our bodies fit.b）There is no doubt that proper physical activities keep us fit 3 a）In a word，I want to find a job that fits me，and money and other things are out of thought b）In a word，I want to find a job that suits me，and money and other things are not my chief con
10、cern 4 a）Taking part in sports and games will give us a good body b)Taking part in sports and games will keep us fit and healthy 5 a）Just open the TV set，you can know everything，and wont have to go out b）Simply by switching on the TV set，you can learn everything without having to go out.6、a）Smoking
11、cigarettes will do harm to our body.b）Smoking cigarettes harms our health 7a）We should put our hearts into the study b）We should pay wholehearted attention to our studies 8a）TV can widen our eyes b）Watching TV can broaden our minds/horizons 9a）If a student only has knowledge of natural science，he wi
12、ll become a one-legged man when he comes out of university doors b）If a student only has knowledge of natural science，he wont be a well-rounded man when he graduates 10a）At this point in time，we were completely exhausted b）By then，we were completely exhaustedWe were completely exhausted by that time
13、汉式“有”的概念Chinglish have 1 a）The chief reason for the change have five points b）There are five main reasons for the change 2 a）Traffic is a serious problem，one of the reasons is that Shanghai have over ten million people b）Traffic is a serious problem，and one of the reasons is that there are over ten
14、million people in Shanghai汉式“越来越多少”的概念Chinglish“more and more”“less and less”1 a）Nowadays，young people who seek to go abroad are becoming more and more b）Nowadays，more and more young people are seeking to go abroad 2 a）People begin to eat grain less and less，while they eat fruit more and more b）Peop
15、le are beginning to eat less grain but more fruit 3 a）With the development of cities，green land becomes more and more less b）With the development of cities，green land is decreasingEver more rapidly.汉式的多个动词连用 1 a）People think go to a movie will cost a lot of money b）People think going to a movie will
16、 cost a lot of money.2 a）The best way to the traffic problem in Shanghai is build subways b）The best way to solve the traffic problem in Shanghai is to build subways 3 a）There are many people take part in sports now b）There are many people who take part/taking part in sports now 4 a）Make cities gree
17、ner has many advantages.b）Making cities greener has many advantages 5 a）Now people go abroad is not easy b）It is not easy for people to go abroad now.6 a）Although difficulty is exist，but we can overcome it.b）Although difficulty（do）exist，we can overcome them英汉语序机械对应Chinglish Sentence Order 1 a）Becaus
18、e with the development of industry，energy is much needed b）With the development of industry，energy is much needed.2 a）If no electricity，we will have no TV to watch，and no radio to listen to b)If there is no electricity，we will have no TV to watch and no radio to listen to/If there were nowe would 3
19、a）Although everyone is equal to an opportunity，but not every one can seize it.b）Although opportunity comes to everyone，not everyone can seize it.4 a）My examination didnt pass b）I failed my examination 5 a）He has come back for 2 weeks b）He has been back for 2 weeks 6 a）The sky is raining heavily b）It
20、 is raining heavily 7 a）He only said a few sentencesHe made us very disappointed b）We were quite disappointed that he only said a few words Ok,yes,no,all right,I think,very,good，much,In my opinion,important,so,because,hi,Well,say,how are you?Whats up?My god!,bye,goodbye,come on,Hey,sorry,look!1 a）Ma
21、ny students who are studying at this university are from foreign countries b）Many students studying at this university are from foreign countries 2 a）The presidents wife，who looked tired after the long trip，could hardly smile at the cheering crowd b)The presidents wife，tired after the long trip，coul
22、d hardly smile at the cheering crowd 3 a）Everyone who will go on our field trip next weekend must sign up now b）Everyone going on our field trip next weekend must sign up now 4 a）I decided that I should take the examination b）I decided to take the examination 5 a）The professor was absorbed in work w
23、ho did not notice my presence b）Absorbed in work，the professor did not notice my presence 6 a）If you start early，you will get there soon b）Starting early will get there soon.7 a）During the four years when she studied at college she seldom watched TV b）During her four years at college she seldom watc
24、hed TV 8 a）Beijing，which is the capital of China，is a famous ancient city b）Beijing，the capital of China，is a famous ancient city 9 a）The splendid displays in shop windows have a fascination which is irresistible b）The splendid displays in shop windows have an irresistible fascination（1）We can imagi
25、ne the beautiful surroundings（2）There are many trees along the streets（3）There is a clean river in the city（4）There are many fishes in the river（5）There are willow trees on the one side（6）There are some pieces of grassland on the other side（7）There are many flowers on them 文中七个句子都是简单句，句型结构单一，而且句文中七个
26、句子都是简单句，句型结构单一，而且句子长短同一，都在七、八词左右，十分单调。子长短同一，都在七、八词左右，十分单调。（1）Just imagine the beautiful surroundings if we make our cities greener（2）Green trees line the streets（3）A clean river winds through the city，in which a lot of fishes abound（4）On the one side stand rows of willow trees（5）On the other side li
27、es a stretch of grassland sprinkled with many yellow and red flowers 改写后的这段文字，有长句（改写后的这段文字，有长句（1）、（）、（3）、）、（5），也有短句（），也有短句（2）和（）和（4），一长一短，），一长一短，抑扬顿挫的节奏感就出来了。不仅句子长短交抑扬顿挫的节奏感就出来了。不仅句子长短交插，而且句型结构变化也很大，使文章流畅自插，而且句型结构变化也很大，使文章流畅自然，生动活泼。然，生动活泼。In the past five years there have been many changes in people
28、s diet.From the table listed above,we can find that people eat more and more milk and meat than they used to.On the other hand,they eat less grain,fruit and vegetables today than before.1 a）People now pay much attention to nutrition，so they chose to eat meat and drink milk b）People now pay much atte
29、ntion to nutrition，so they choose to eat meat and drink milk 2 a）There are so many countries using English that it had been regarded as an international language.b)There are so many countries using English that it is regarded as an international language 3 a）The rain makes the road muddy，and often r
30、esulted in car accidents b）The rain makes the road muddy，and often results in car accidents 4 a）A person who has good friends enjoyed life more b）A person who has good friends enjoys life more 1 a）When I was nine years old，my grandfather said，“the world is a large one”b）When I was nine years old，my
31、grandfather said，“The world is a large place.2 a）As far as money is concerned，my opinion is，“money is not everything！”b）As far as money is concerned，my opinion is：money is not everything！This picture show that love is a lamp which lead a bright light and hope when one involved in darkIn China，we can
32、 see many stories about love，for exampleFrom news-paper we can often read about“The Project hope.”There are many people delvate himself to help othersIn remote country，some children cant go to school because no money.However，in other district，there are many people to provide money to help these chil
33、dren.From this picture，a small light bright some area.We can read much from it.As a university students，we can do much，do best.We can study hard science knowledgeWe should improve our from all kind of aspect.As long as we devote oneself to help those troublesome man.（128 words）Variety语言的丰富性只有句式多样化，文
34、章才会生动有趣，充满活力。只有句式多样化，文章才会生动有趣，充满活力。一、改变句子开头 许多学生在写作中倾向于用与人有关系的词性，用名词和代词作为句子的开头，如 People，We，I，He，They，She等。但这种开头见多了，难免让人厌倦。APeople throughout the country have greatly demanded all kinds of nutritious food BThere is a great demand across the country for all kinds of nutritious food 除了用主语开头外，还可以用句子的其他成
35、分开头。1用副词开头 Too often，students stray into the habit of cheating on tests 2用状语开头 Dark and empty，the house looked very different from the way I remembered it 3.以分词短语开头以分词短语开头 Disturbed by the discord of American life in recent decades，Manchester took flight for the pacific islands 4.以不定式短语开头以不定式短语开头 To
36、 pass the exam，you should work very hard 二、巧用连接词 有的学生在作文中使用过多简单句，成了简单句堆砌；有的写复杂句时，动辄用so，and，then，but，or，however，yet等非但达不到丰富表达方式的目的，反而使句子结构松散、呆板。为了避免这种现象，可以通过使用连接词，尤其是一些表示从属关系的连接词，如 who，which，that，since，although，after，as，before，when，whenever，if，unless，as if等，不仅能够丰富句型，而且还能够把思想表达得更清楚，意义更连贯。Natural resou
37、rces are very limitedThey will be exhausted in the near futureIt is not trueBut it becomes a major concern around the worldThis is a widely accepted fact 这段文字用简单句表达，它们之间内在的逻辑关这段文字用简单句表达，它们之间内在的逻辑关系含糊不清，意思支离破碎。如果使用连接词，系含糊不清，意思支离破碎。如果使用连接词，将单句与其前后合并，形成主次关系，就把一个将单句与其前后合并，形成主次关系，就把一个比较复杂的内容和关系表达得层次清楚、结构
38、严比较复杂的内容和关系表达得层次清楚、结构严谨。谨。It is a widely accepted fact that there is a major concern around the world for the exhaustion of limited natural resources in the near future，though it is unlikely to be true The Mississippi River is one of the longest rivers in the world，and in spring time it often overfl
39、ows its banks，and the lives of many people are endangered The Mississippi River，which is one of the longest rivers in the world，often overflows its banks in the spring time，endangering the lives of many people 四、利用倒装结构四、利用倒装结构 英语的基本句型是英语的基本句型是SVO，如，如果偶尔打破常规，改变某一成分的位果偶尔打破常规，改变某一成分的位置，不仅可以丰富句型，而且能强调、置
40、，不仅可以丰富句型，而且能强调、突出被倒装的部分，收到意想不到的突出被倒装的部分，收到意想不到的表达效果。表达效果。In no other place in the world can one find such enthusiasm for applying for hosting the 2008 Olympic Games 五五.“使使”不要仅依靠不要仅依靠make 1 a）This society still makes women unable to enjoy equal rights b）Women are still denied equal rights 2 a）The in
41、cident made me recall one of my past experiences b）The incident reminded me of one of my past experiences 3 a）The progress I have made makes me surprised b）The progress I have made surprises me 4 a）This makes me conclude that money doesnt mean everything b）This leads me to the conclusion that money
42、isnt everything六.“越来越”不要仅用“more and more 1 a）More and more students find learning English has become more and more difficult b）Students in growing numbers are finding that learning English is becoming increasingly difficult 2 a）More and more teenagers smoke cigarettes in recent years b）Teenage smoki
43、ng has been on the rise in recent years.3 a）More and more teachers are demanded with the development of economy b）The development of the economy has been accompanied by/has resulted in an increasing demand for teachers.七七.“大多数大多数”不要一味用不要一味用“most Most people believe that A large number of people main
44、tain that八.“不仅而且”不要只用“not onlybut also 1 a）The factors for a rise in teenage smoking is not only social but also psychological b)The factors behind the rise in teenage smoking are both sociological and psychological 2 a）Taking a part-time job can not only earn a little money，but also have an opportu
45、nity to contact with society b）Taking a part-time job means more than just earning a little moneyIt also means an opportunity to make contact with other people九.不要总以有生命的名词和人称代词开头 1 a）Many people think birth control is quite necessary in China b）It is widely（commonly）thought/believed/held that birth
46、control is essential in China 2.a）More and more people agree/realize/are aware that women should enjoy full equality with men b）There is a growing awareness that women should enjoy full equality with men 3 a）Many Chinese have gone to the United States in the past 15 years b）The past 15 years have br
47、ought many Chinese people to the United States 4 a）We almost forget this event b）This event is now fading from our memory 5 a）Students should certainly make continuous efforts b）Continuous efforts on the part of students are certainly required 6 a）We easily drew the conclusion through investigation
48、b）The investigation easily led us to the conclusion十二.不要千篇一律地使用主动态 1 a）We are making great efforts to improve our English b）Great efforts are being made to improve our English 2 a）We know very little about the nature of human beings b）Little is known about the nature of human beings.3 a）Because of p
49、ublic demand，many evening schools have appeared b）Many evening schools have been called into existence by public demand 4 a）We should think more of the elderly who live apart from their children b）More attention/thought should be given to the elderly who live apart from their children 1 a）The young
50、man drove the old truck at top speed and the motor was damaged b）The young man drove the old truck at top speed and damaged the motor 2 a）The professor left the classroom after the lecture was finished b）The professor left the classroom after he finished the lecture.3 a）He lived in the countryside f
