1、第一篇第一篇 中考语言基础知识中考语言基础知识第第9 9课课 八上八上 Modules 79 79重点易错单词1._（n.）田地；牧场2._（v.）出现；显露3._（n.）注意力4._（v.）爬；攀爬5._（adj.）更糟的；更坏的 （adv.）更糟；更严重6._（n.）药；药物7._（v.）准备；预备8._（n.）报告；汇报9._（v.）造成；引起10._（n.）麻烦；问题11._（n./v.）增大；增长12._（n.）出生13._（num.）十亿14._（num.）第五 （n.）五分之一15._（n.）垃圾；废弃物 field appear attention climb worse me
2、dicine prepare report cause problem increase birth billion fifth rubbish 重点易错单词16._（adj.）寂静的；安静的17._（adj.）当地的；本地的18._（n.）公共服务；服务19._（v.）解决问题20._（adv.）突然21._（n.）污染 quiet local service solve suddenly pollution 一词多义1._（n.）秋季 （v.）下落；跌落；降落2._（n.）陆地；土地 （v.）登岸；降落3._（v.）打；撞；击中4._（adj.）公共的；公众的 （n.）公众5._（conj
3、.）当的时候；虽然；然而 （n.）一段时间；一会儿6._（adj.）干的；干燥的；雨少的；干旱的 （v.）（使）变干；（把）弄干7._（prep.）转到（某物的）另一边 （n.）一轮；一场；一回合 （v.）使变圆；完成；环绕而行 （adj.）圆的（adv.）环绕地；循环 地；在周围8._（v.）导致；造成；引起 （n.）原因；理由；根据；起因；动机9._（n.）平面；平坦部分；公寓；套房 （adj.）平的；平坦的 fall land hit public while dry round cause flat词形变换1.follow（v.）_（adj.）后面的；接下来的2.sudden（adj.
4、）_（adv.）突然3.deep（adj.）_（比较级）更深的 _（最高级）最深的 _（adv.）深地4.dry（adj.）_（反义词）湿的 _（比较级）更干的 _（最高级）最干的5.appear（v.）_（反义词）消失6.glad（adj.）_（反义词）难过的；悲伤的 _（近义词）高兴的 _（adv.）高兴地 following suddenly deeper deepest deeply wet drier driest disappear sad happy gladly 词形变换7.bad（adj.）_（比较级）更坏的 _（最高级）最坏的8.medicine（n.）_（adj.）医药的
5、9.huge（adj.）_（比较级）更大的 _（最高级）最大的10.quiet（adj.）_（adv.）寂静地；安静地11.pollute（v.）_（n.）污染12.climb（v.）_（n.）攀爬者13.prepare（v.）_（现在分词）准备；预备 worse worst medical huger hugest quietly pollution climber preparing 中考词组短语1._ 的人口2._ 为做准备3._ 五分之一4._ 稍等5._ 在未来6._ 靠近7._ 在市中心8._ 关闭9._ 公共服务10._ 解决问题11._ 看上去苍白12._ 在拐角处13._ 及
6、时 the population of.prepare for.one fifth hang on in the future close to in the city centre close down public service solve the problem look pale round the corner in time中考词组短语14._ 从跌落15._ 的风险16._ 对注意；留心17._ 在红灯处18._ 并排19._ 几天前20._ 躺在桌子上21._ 捡起22._ 匆忙去23._ 变得更糟糕24._ 剧烈疼痛25._ 在河边 fall off.the risk of
7、.pay attention to.at the red lights side by side a few days earlier lie on the table pick up hurry to get worse in great pain by the river中考词组短语26._ 掉进一个洞里27._ 从旁边跑过28._ 举办一个茶会29._ 无事可做30._ 一两次；偶尔31._ 下去32._ 落在上33._ 太而不能34._ 代替 fall down a hole run past.have a tea party have nothing to do once or tw
8、ice go down land on too.to.take the place of.中考句型回顾语法句型1.Alice _ _ with her sister by the river.爱丽丝正和她姐姐坐在河边。2.They _ _ a tea party in the garden.他们正在花园里举办茶会。3._ she was falling,she _ _ about her cat,Dinah 当她往下坠落时，她在想她的猫黛娜。4.I _ _ to pick it up _ it bit me again.我试图把它捡起来，它又咬了我一口。5._ the doctors _ ch
9、ecking him,the pain got worse当医生给他做检查时，疼痛变得更厉害了。was sitting were having While was thinking was trying when As/While/When were 中考句型回顾功能句型1.童话故事：Alice _ _ _ do 爱丽丝没什么事情可做。Alice _ up and ran _ the _ after it 爱丽丝站了起来，跟着它跑过了田野。It was _ dark for her _ _ anything 对她来说太黑了以至于什么都看不到。2.交通事故：The car _ just in t
10、ime,but the boy _ _ his bike.汽车及时停了下来，但男孩从自行车上摔了下来 So when youre on your bike,_ _ the _ of an accident!因此，当你骑自行车时，应考虑下事故的风险！had nothing to got across field too to see stopped fell off think about risk 中考句型回顾功能句型 _ ride side _ _ with your friends 不要和你的朋友并肩骑车。_ you cross the road,_ _ and stop at the r
11、ed lights 当你过马路时，要集中注意力，并且红灯亮时你要停下来。3.人口问题：Beijing is a huge city _ _ _ population.北京是一座人口众多的大城市。That _ a lot of problems,such as too much _ and noise 这造成了许多问题，如交通拥挤和噪声。Thats almost _ _ of the _ population,_ _,about 7 billion 这几乎是约70亿的世界人口的五分之一。Dont by side When pay attention with a large causes tra
12、ffic one fifth worlds that is 一、fall 1.v.（fell,fallen）vi.落（下），降落；倒。如：One of the kids fell into the river.小孩中有一个掉进了河里。2.n.（美）秋季；瀑布；落下；跌落。如：She hurt her knee badly in a fall from a horse.她从马上摔下来，膝盖受了重伤。常见搭配：fall in love with sb.爱上某人；fall into落入；fall off.从跌落；fall down跌倒；fall from.从落下；fall behind落在后面；fa
13、ll back on求助于，借助于。fall还可作系动词，意为“进入（某种状态）；成为”。常见搭配：fall asleep,fall silent,fall ill,fall sick等。fall silent fall into fall from fall behindfall in love with fall off fall asleep fall ill用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。1.An apple _ the tree yesterday.2.Suddenly,he _,saying nothing yesterday.3.The clock _ the shelf and
14、 was in pieces.4.Slowly but surely she started to _ the man.5.The boy missed school and _ because of a high fever.6.A little boy suddenly _ the water.Luckily,a man saved him.7.The child soon _ while his mother was telling him a story.8.My grandmother _ and died when I was only 5 years old.fell from
15、fell silent fell off fall in love with fell behind fell into fell asleep fell ill 二、while 1.conj.在的时候；和同时；（对比两件事物）而，然而。如：While I was waiting at the bus stop,three buses went by in the opposite direction.我在公共汽车站等车时，对向驶过了三辆公共汽车。Toms very good at science,while his brother is absolutely hopeless.汤姆很擅长理科
16、，而他的兄弟绝对是无可救药。2.n.一会儿；一段时间。如：I havent seen him for quite a while.我有好一阵子没有见到他了。常用搭配：for a while一会儿；after a while过了一会儿。when,while与aswhen,while与as都可以引导时间状语从句，意为“当时”。1.when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬时动词。并且when有时表示“就在那时”。如：When she came in,I was eating.她进来时，我在吃饭。（瞬时动词）When I lived in the countryside,I used
17、to carry some water for him.当我住在农村时，我常常为他担水。（延续性动词）2.while引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句 的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。如：While my wife was reading the newspaper,I was watching TV.我太太正在看报纸，而我正在看电视。（was reading是延续性的动作，was reading和was watching同时发生）3.as表示“一边一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于 主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后”。如：We always sin
18、g as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。（as表示“一边一边”）As we were going out,it began to snow.当我们出门时，天开始下雪了。（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发 生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间）根据句意，在横线上填入when,while或as。1.We were about to leave _ he came in.2.Were you writing _ the teacher came in?3._ Jim was mending his bike,Lin Tao was helping him.4.He often listens to m
19、usic _ he does his homework.when when While as 三、cause 1.n.原因；起因。如：There was discussion about the fire and its likely cause.对那场火灾及其可能的起因进行了讨论。2.vt.促使；引起；使发生。如：Do they know what caused the fire?他们知道引起这场火灾的原因吗？常用搭配：cause sb.to do sth.促使某人做某事。cause,reason与excuse这些名词均有“原因”之意。1.cause指直接导致事情发生的原因，与所发生的事有因
20、果关系。如：These causes led to a bad result.这些原因导致了不良的后果。2.reason强调指从逻辑推理上得出的结论性原因，不是直接说明起因。如：I can only guess the reason.我只能猜测原因。3.excuse指为自己辩解，希望得到谅解时所提出的种种理由，是借口性的 理由。如：Her excuse didnt go down well;no one believed it.她的借口不能使人信服，没有一个人相信它。用cause,reason或excuse的适当形式填空。1.Ive never known him to miss a meet
21、ingIm sure hell have a（n）_.2.He explained the _ behind the decision.3.The _ why the boss doesnt trust him is that he often lies.4.Drink-driving is one of the most common _ of traffic accidents.5.The fire _ by an electrical fault.6.Whats your _ for being late this time?7.What _ you to change your min
22、d?excuse reason/reasons reason causes was caused excuse caused 一、Alice was sitting with her sister by the river.爱丽丝正和她的姐姐坐在河边。这个句型为过去进行时。其具体用法如下：1.过去进行时由“was（were）+v.-ing”构成。现以动词work为例，其肯定式、否定式和疑问式见下表：肯定式否定式I/He/She/It was working.We/You/They were working.I/He/She/It was not working.We/You/They were
23、 not working.疑问式和简略答语Was I work-ing?Yes,you were./No,you werenot.Were youworking?Yes,I was./No,I was not.Was he/she/it work-ing?Yes,he/she/it was./No,he/she/it was not.Were we/you/they working?Yes,you/we/they were./No,you/we/they were not.2.过去进行时的用法：表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间，除有上下文暗示之外，一般用时间状语
24、at that time,then,at that moment等来表示。如：What were you doing at this time yesterday?昨天这个时候你们在做什么？We were working in class.我们正在课堂上学习。He was mending his bike at ten oclock yesterday.昨天10点的时候他正在修自行车。I was drawing a horse when the teacher came in.老师进来的时候，我正在画一匹马。While she was trying to pass a truck before
25、 her,she saw another car coming.正当她要超过她前面的卡车时，她看见又有一辆小汽车过来了。“一般过去时”与“过去进行时”一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，而过去进行 时则表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。如：Mary wrote a letter to her friend last night.玛丽昨晚给她的朋友写了封信。（信写完了）Mary was writing a letter to her friend last night.玛丽昨晚一直在给她的朋友写信。（信不一定写完）温馨提示：温馨提示：go,come,leave,sta
26、rt等动词的过去进行时表示过去即将或不久 要发生的事情，相当于过去将来时。如：He said his parents were going to America soon.他曾说他的父母不久将去美国。用所给词的适当形式填空。1.He _（play）basketball now.2.He _（fall）down just now.3.What _ you _（do）at that moment?I _（sleep）.4.We _（watch）TV when he came to our home.is playing fell were doing was sleeping were watch
27、ing 二、She heard the rabbit say,“Oh dear!Oh dear!Ill be late!”and she did not think it was strange.她听到兔子说：“哦，天哪，我要迟到了。”然而对这她并不感到奇怪。think作实义动词，后面的宾语从句如果是否定的，那么通常将否定部分 前移，即在主句部分用否定，而从句部分用肯定。如：I dont think he is right.=I think he is wrong.我认为他是不对的。而不能说I think he isnt right.与think用法类似的词还有：believe,suppose
28、,expect,imagine等。根据汉语意思翻译句子。1.我们相信这不是个真实的故事。We _ it _ a true story.2.我认为这不是我的书。I _ it _ my book.dont believe is dont think is 一、选词填空 用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。1.If you want to be _ of getting a ticket,please book it now.2.Mr Smith has made great _ since he started learning Chinese.3.Which do you _,coff
29、ee or black tea?4.The _ of this box of apples is about five kilogrammes.5.When I was at university,I knew that I had to _ myself to do everything.weigh certain depend on progress prefer certain progress prefer weight depend on 二、单词拼写1.You have _（引起；导致）us all a lot of unnecessary worry.2.They were wa
30、tching TV _（当的时候）we were talking.3.The book _（跌落）from his hands because he paid no attention.4.I _（突然）realised that there was someone following me.5.Someone _（扔）a stone at the car and ran away.6.Dont say anything.Youll only make matters _（更糟的）.7.When we got home,Stephano was busy _（准备）dinner.8.The l
31、evel of _（污染）in the river was falling.9.Charlie thinks money will _（解决）all his problems.10.A man suddenly _（出现）from behind a tree when I was driving yesterday.caused while fell suddenly threw worse preparing pollution solve appeared 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Nathaniel Hawthorne 1 （g
32、o）home with a broken heart.He told his wife Sophia that he lost his job.2 his surprise,she spoke to him with great joy.“Now,”she said 3 （happy）,“you can write your book!When you had your job,you didnt have time to write down 4 you were thinking about.Now,you are free.You can do what you like and mak
33、e your dream 5 （come）true!”“Yes,”said the man sadly,“but what shall we live on while I 6_ （write）it?”went To happilywhatcomeam writing Then,she took out a small box and opened it.There was a large amount of money.“Ive always believed you are 7 talented man,”she told him.“I knew that someday you woul
34、d write a great book.So every week,out of the money you gave me for everyday use,I saved a little bit.Now this money can help 8 （we）through the year.”With her trust and confidence,one of the 9 （great）novels of American literature,The Scarlet Letter,was born.Some of the famous 10 （story）have followed a word of encouragement or an act of confidence by a loved one or a best friend.a usgreatest stories
