1、Reading for WritingWrite a summaryUnit 4 Natural disasterWhat disaster is it?TsunamiA tsunami is a series of waves caused by earthquakes or undersea volcanic eruptions.Look and predictWhat genre（体裁）（体裁）of the text?What are the features（特点（特点）of news report?Timeliness（及时）（及时）Concise（简洁的）（简洁的）language
2、 Objective（客观的）（客观的）Headline-tells what the story is aboutByline（署名）（署名）-shows who wrote the story and when the event took placeLead-tells the most important facts(5Ws)Body-contains more information and detailsThe headline should be brief and catch readers eye.Ending-gives something to think aboutRe
3、ad the lead carefully and find out 5Ws.The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday,killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,and at least four other countries.whywhatwherewhenwho0101When did the tsuna
4、mi happen?Readanswer:02020303Why would it be difficult to deliver food and supplies?What caused the tsunami?0101When did the tsunami happen?It happened on Sunday,26 December 2004.Readanswer:Readanswer:0202What caused the tsunami?The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years.Readanswer:0303Why wo
5、uld it be difficult to deliver food and supplies?Dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.Summary:On 26 December 2004,a tsunami killed more than 6,500 tourists,fishermen,and other locals in Southeast Asia.Thousands of people are missing and the numbe
6、r of deaths is expected to grow.The damage caused by the tsunami is making it difficult for rescue workers to help the survivors.Read the summary of the news report.Check the main points it includes.datetimeplaceeventcauseeffectfollowing eventsEvaluate the summary by using the checklist below.Gather
7、 the main points that must be discussed.Use your own words.Keep it short and concise.Dont add personal opinions on the issue or topic.Write in present tense.Summary:On 26 December 2004,a tsunami killed more than 6500 tourists,fisherman,and other locals in Southeast Asia.Thousands of people are missi
8、ng and the number of deaths is expected to grow.The damage caused by the tsunami is making it difficult for rescue workers to help the survivors.What is a Summary?A summary is a short statement of main points.A summary paragraph tells the main ideas and the most important information of a longer pas
9、sage.3Follow the steps below to write a summary for the text on page 50.1.Read the text and write a list of the main details.Strange things happened in the countryside before the earthquake.An earthquake hit _ China on 28 July 1976._._._.the city of TangshanNearly everything in the city was destroye
10、d after the earthquakeTangshan started to revive with the governments support and peoples effortsThe city began to breathe again with the help of rescue workers2.Write down the main idea of eachparagraph based on the details above.Paragraph 1:_Paragraph 2:_Paragraph 3:_Paragraph 4:_Paragraph 5:_Stra
11、nge things happened in the countryside of Hebei,China.An earthquake hit Tangshan,and many people were killed or badly injuredThe city was greatly affected and nearly destroyed.The rescue work began soon.Tangshan began to revive itself and get back up on its feet again.3.Organise the ideas and draft
12、your summary.Pay attention to the following:Sample WritingSummary:An earthquake hit Tangshan China on 28 July 1976,and the number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.There are warning signs before the quake.Then,nearly everything is destroyed and the whole c
13、ity lies in ruins.Much rescue work brings the hope.Tangshan starts to revive with the governments support and peoples efforts.datadetailconclusionevent,place,date4.Exchange the drafts.Use the checklist to give feedback on your partners draft.Does the summary give you a clear idea of what the text is
14、 about?Does the summary include only the most important information of the text?Is the summary the proper length?Are there any spelling or punctuation errors?Does the writer use correct tenses?20例：昨晚他十多岁的儿子把他家的车撞坏了。His teenage son _ last night.crash v.碰撞，撞击 The most powerful earthquake in the past 4
15、0 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday,.1昨昨日日，4040年来最强烈的地震引发海啸年来最强烈的地震引发海啸，重创，重创亚洲亚洲沿海地带沿海地带。crashed the family carGuessing:what are other meanings of“crash”?1.Listen to the thunder crash.2.His company crashed last year.3.The PC just crashed.n.撞击声，爆裂声撞击声，爆裂声v.垮台，
16、破产垮台，破产v.（电脑）死机（电脑）死机 The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday,killing more than 6500 people in Indonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,and at least four other countries.过去40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸昨天袭击了亚洲的海岸线，造成造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和至少四个其他国家的
17、6500多人死亡。.caused.,doing做结果状语做结果状语仿写：连续强降雨引发河南中北部，尤其郑州市特大洪灾，仿写：连续强降雨引发河南中北部，尤其郑州市特大洪灾，导致郑州，新乡和平顶山等市导致郑州，新乡和平顶山等市302人死亡。人死亡。Continuous heavy rain caused major floods in central and northern Henan,especially ZhengZhou,killing 302 people in the cities of Zhengzhou,Xinxiang and Pingdingshan.sweep away 消灭
18、；彻底消除sweep v.打扫；清扫 sweeping-swept-sweptsweep off 拂去，扫去sweep through 传遍Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.2渔民、游客、旅馆、房屋和汽车都被渔民、游客、旅馆、房屋和汽车都被9.09.0级的强震级的强震所所引引发发的巨浪卷走。的巨浪卷走。例：例：1.我拂去一块墓碑平顶上的雨水。我拂去一块墓碑平顶上
19、的雨水。I _ rainwater _ the flat top of a gravestone.2.一场流感正在莫斯科迅速传播。一场流感正在莫斯科迅速传播。A flu epidemic is _ Moscow.swept off sweeping through24Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,and cars were swept away by huge waves the strong carthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.be swept away by.caused by.被被.引起的引起的.冲走了冲
20、走了 渔民、游客、酒店、住宅和汽车渔民、游客、酒店、住宅和汽车都被都被9.0级强烈地震级强烈地震巨浪巨浪卷走了卷走了。仿写：汽车甚至有些人都仿写：汽车甚至有些人都大暴雨大暴雨洪水洪水冲走了冲走了。Cars and even some people were swept away by the flood caused by the heavy rain.stand at 达（到）特定水平（或数量、高度等）达（到）特定水平（或数量、高度等）.the number of deaths stood at 2,498,and one million more were affected by the
21、tsunami,government officials said.3例例:1.银行银行利率为利率为3%。_.Interest rates stand at 3%affect v.影响；感染影响；感染 affecting-affected-affected例：例：七百多万多人受到了干旱的影响。七百多万多人受到了干旱的影响。More than seven million people _ by drought.have been affected【拓展拓展】affect/effect 辨析辨析例例:1.Large doses of artificial sweeteners may have a
22、n adverse _ on people.effect2.If Jim had been more independent,the divorce would not _ _ him as deeply.共同点：两者都可以表示共同点：两者都可以表示“影响影响”。不同点：不同点：affect v.着重影响的动作；着重影响的动作；effect n.affect=have an effect on have affected27In Sri Lanka,some 1,600 kilometres west of the quake centre,the number of deaths stood
23、 at 2,498,and one million more were affected by the tsunami,government officials said.政府官员说，在距离地震中心以西约政府官员说，在距离地震中心以西约1600公里的斯里兰卡，公里的斯里兰卡，死亡人数为死亡人数为2498人，另有人，另有100万人万人受到受到海啸海啸的影响的影响。3.the number of.stood at.,and.were affected by.仿写：仿写：死亡失踪死亡失踪398人、受灾人数达人、受灾人数达1478.6万人万人。The number of people who were
24、 killed or missing stood at 398 and 14,786,000 were affected.28Another 254 were found dead in Thailand and 54 in three other countries.4.be found+形容词形容词 另有254人在泰国被发现死亡，54人在其他三个国家被发现死亡。/doing/done/介词介词+名词等名词等仿写：仿写：39人被发现在地下室或者车库死亡，还人被发现在地下室或者车库死亡，还有有14人在地铁线遇难。人在地铁线遇难。39 people were found dead in the
25、basement or garage and 14 in the subway.29I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.We had to leave everything and run to safety我正在和我的三个孩子吃早餐，这时家里开始进水。我们不得不放下一切，跑到安全的地方跑到安全的地方.5.was/were doing.when.正在正在.，这时突然，这时突然.Thousands of people are still missing,and the n
26、umber of deaths is expected to grow even higher over the next few days.6.the number of.is expected to.人数预计会人数预计会.成千上成千上万的人仍然失踪，死亡万的人仍然失踪，死亡人数预计人数预计在未来几天还会增加在未来几天还会增加.30Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countries.正在为海啸受灾受灾国家组织国际救援。7.be being done正在被正在被.8.make it+形容词形容词+to do sthHowev
27、er,dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.然而，危险的条件和受损的道路将使运送食物和供应品很困难。5.Get your draft back and revise it.Write a summary for the short text below.Volcanic eruption in CongoPeople are checking the damage caused by lava(熔岩)from the eruption of Mount
28、 Nyiragongo in Buhene,on the outskirts of Goma,Congo in the early hours of Sunday,May 23,2021.The volcanic eruption in eastern Congo last night has killed at least 32 people.With little warning,Mount Nyiragongo turned the dark sky fiery(似火的)red on Saturday night and then sent out lava into villages,
29、destroying more than 500 homes,officials and survivors said.The volcanic eruption caused about 5,000 people to move from one neighborhood of Goma,a city of about 2 million people,across the nearby border into Rwanda.Another 25,000 sought refuge(寻求避难)to the northwest in Sake,the U.N.childrens agency
30、said.Great sadness,disbelief and fear hung over the area.Write a summary for the short text below.More than 170 children were still feared missing,and UNICEF officials said they were organizing transit centers(临时收容中心)to help children who were reportedly separated from their families in the wake of t
31、he disaster.“The population of Goma must avoid unnecessary travel,and also avoid visiting places that have been hit by lava from the volcano because the lava is harmful.”Joseph Makundi,head of Civil Protection for the North Kivu Province said.He also said the volcano remains active and earthquakes a
32、re being recorded,calling on the population to remain alert.Sample Writing:Summary:Mount Nyiragongo,on the outskirts of Goma,Congo erupted overnight on May 22,2021 with little warning.The volcanic eruption killed at least 32 people and destroyed more than 500 houses.It also caused about 5,000 people
33、 to move from one neighborhood of Goma into Rwanda.Another 25,000 sought refuge to the northwest in Sake.Whats worse,there were still more than 170 children who were likely to have been lost.One of the officials said people there needed to keep cautious about the volcano and avoid unnecessary travel.Thanks!
