1、Unit 5 Discovering Useful Structures Restrictive relative clauses(限制性定语从句)限制性关系从句限制性关系从句修饰主句中特定的名词或名词短语，对修饰内容修饰主句中特定的名词或名词短语，对修饰内容起起限定作用限定作用，若省略，若省略，所修饰主句的内容，即先行词，就不完整或失去意义，和主句的关系十分密切，通常所修饰主句的内容，即先行词，就不完整或失去意义，和主句的关系十分密切，通常情况下不可用逗号分开。情况下不可用逗号分开。关系词的使用方法：关系词的使用方法：1.先行词先行词在从句中在从句中作状语作状语时时，用关系副词，用关系副词w
2、hen，where或或why；2.先行词先行词在从句中在从句中作主语作主语或或宾语宾语时，要用时，要用关系代词关系代词which或或that；who或或whom；3.先行词先行词在从句中在从句中作作定定语语时，要用时，要用关系代词关系代词whose4.when、where、why引导定语从句时，可以用引导定语从句时，可以用“介词介词+which”替换：替换：先行词先行词关系词关系词在从句中的成分在从句中的成分表时间when=on/in/at which状语状语表地点where=in/at which状语状语表原因why=for which状语状语2023年1月9日2时33分1 1 定语从句：是
3、指在复合句中，定语从句：是指在复合句中，修饰修饰_或或_的从句。的从句。2 2 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做词叫做_ 。3 3 引导定语从句的词叫引导定语从句的词叫_ 名词名词代词代词先行词先行词关系词关系词Lead-in:Review关系代词：关系代词：which that who whom whose关系副词：关系副词：when where why2023年1月9日2时33分先行词是人，关系词可用先行词是人，关系词可用_ _ _ _ _先行词是物，先行词是物，关系词可用关系词可用_ _ _2023年1月9日2时33分定从之中少定语定从之中少定语,_,_为你唱一
4、曲；为你唱一曲；whosewhose指指_又指又指_,_,所属关系要记住所属关系要记住。所学关系词中，能在从句中所学关系词中，能在从句中做主语的是做主语的是_ _ _ _ _做宾语的是做宾语的是_ _ _ _ _ _ _关系词在定语从句中做宾语时，可以关系词在定语从句中做宾语时，可以 _ that who whom that whichwho that whichwho whom that which 省略省略 whose人人 物物2023年1月9日2时33分Underline the restrictive attributive clauses and circle antecedents
5、(先行词先行词)and relative words.1.It was a time when people were divided geographically.2.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.3.There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language.What kind of
6、 information does each clause communicate?uInformation:a time for an event.uInformation:a location for an event.uInformation:a reason for an action.2023年1月9日2时33分1.It was a time when people were divided geographically.It was a time.At that time people were divided geographically.Rule1:当先行词先行词为表示时间时间
7、的名词(如：day,time,week,month,year等)，且关系词关系词在从句中作时间状语时间状语，定语从句用when引导。eg1.I still remember the time when I was in college.eg2.We will never forget the day when we flew at an altitude of 6000 meters in the sky.2.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese
8、writing system began to develop in one direction.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country.In that country the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.eg1.This is the hotel where they stayed.eg2.We have reached a point where a change is needed.当先行词先行
9、词为表示具体地点具体地点的名词(如：country,hotel,)或抽象地点抽象地点的名词(如：point,case,situation,stage,position,condition等)，且关系词关系词在从句中作地点地点状语状语，定语从句用where引导。2023年1月9日2时33分3.There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language.There are many reasons.Because of these reasons,people learn a foreign language.eg1.This is the
10、 reason why he left in a hurry.eg2.I dont know the reason why he didnt turn to his friends for help yesterday.当先行词为表示原因的名词reason，且关系词在从句中作原因状语，定语从句用why引导。2023年1月9日2时33分关系代词与关系副词的选用1a.Do you still remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?(when在从句中作状语)1b.Do you sill remember the day
11、s that/which we spent together on the farm?(that/which在从句中作spent的宾语)2023年1月9日2时33分2a.This is the house that/which was built by my grandfather forty years ago.(that/which在从句中作主语)2b.This is the house where my grandfather lived forty years ago.(where在从句中作状语)3a.I wont listen to the reason why you didnt
12、do your homework.(why在从句中作状语)3b.I wont listen to the reason that/which you have given us.(that/which 在从句中作宾语)2023年1月9日2时33分关系代词与关系副词的选用表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，先行表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，先行词在定语从句中作词在定语从句中作状语状语时，应用时，应用_；若先行词在定语从句中作若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语主语或宾语时，则应用时，则应用_。方法：分析方法：分析从句句子成分从句句子成分关系关系副词副词关系关系代词代词2023年1月9日2时
13、33分1.England is the place where Adele was born.2.February 24,2013 is the day when Adele won Oscar prize.3.Do you know the reason why she is so popular?These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.There were animals bones and shells.Symbols were carved by
14、ancient Chinese people on them.先行词先行词在从句中做在从句中做状语状语时，连接词时，连接词可以用可以用介词介词+关系关系代词代词来替换关系副词，其中介词的选择和先行词的搭来替换关系副词，其中介词的选择和先行词的搭配有关。配有关。These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.“介词介词 +关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句引导的定语从句=where2023年1月9日2时33分介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系副词when,where,w
15、hy引导定语从句时，关系副词也可用“介词+关系代词“代替。(1)when可以换成“介词which”。(2)where可以换成“介词which”。(3)why可以用for which来代替。2023年1月9日2时33分介词+关系代词引导的定语从句It was a time when people were divided geographically.It was a time.At that time people were divided geographically.2023年1月9日2时33分It was a time people were divided geographically
16、.at which Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country.In that country the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.2023年1月9日2时33分Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.in whichTHANKS!
