1、Period Reading and Thinking FIRST AID FOR BURNS 烧伤急救The skin is an essential part of your body and is its largest organ.Your skin acts as a barrier against disease，toxins，and the suns rays.It also helps control your body temperature，prevents your body from losing too much water，warns you when things
2、 are too hot or cold，and gives you your sense of touch.触觉皮肤是人体的重要组成部分，也是人体最大的器官。皮肤是抵御疾病、毒素和太阳光线的屏障。它还有助于控制体温，防止身体流失过多水分，当事物过热或过冷时警告你并给你触觉。act as 充当；担当=serve as=work asprevent.(from)doing.阻止.做某事=stop.(from)doing.=keep.from doing.=discourage.from doing.As you can imagine，getting burnt can lead to very
3、 serious injuries.The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.正如你所想象的，被烧伤会导致非常严重的伤害。治疗烧伤的第一步也是最重要的一步就是施行急救。此处为此处为as引导的非限制性定语从句，引导的非限制性定语从句，as指代后面的主句。指代后面的主句。lead to 导致；造成 拓展：bring about;result in;account for;contribute to;give rise to getting burnt为动词名词作主语，为动词名词作主
4、语，giving first aid为动词名词作表为动词名词作表语语。first aid 急救 give sb first aid/give first aid to sb 对某人进行急救 first and most important 首先也是最重要的拓展拓展 ：first and foremost 首要的是，首先 last but not least 最后但同样重要的 CAUSES OF BURNSYou can get burnt by a variety of things：hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity，ac
5、ids，or other chemicals.TYPES OF BURNSBurns are divided into three types,depending on the depth of skin damage.现在分词短语作方式状语烧伤的原因你可能会被各种各样的东西烧伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射、太阳、电、酸或其他化学物质。烧伤的类型根据皮肤损伤的深度，烧伤或烫伤可分为三种类型。get burnt 烧伤 get+过去分词结构：get lost;get married;get injured a variety of 各种各样的=varieties of divide.into.把
6、.分成.depend on 依靠；依赖=rely on depend on sb to do sth 依靠某人做某事depend on it+that 从句 You could depend on it that he was honest.Firstdegree burns These affect only the top few millimetres of the skin.These burns are not serious.Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by other minor household inciden
7、ts.Seconddegree burnsThese go below the top layer of the skin.They are serious and take a few weeks to get better.Examples include burns caused by hot liquids.过去分词短语作后置定语一度烧伤这类烧伤只伤及皮肤表层几毫米。这些烧伤并不严重。例如轻微的晒伤和其他轻微的家务事故造成的灼伤。二度烧伤这类烧伤伤及皮肤表层以下。它们是严重的，需要几个星期才能好起来。例如由灼热的液体引起的烫伤。include sth/doing sth 包括（做）某事
8、minor injuries 轻伤 Thirddegree burnsThese affect every layer of the These affect every layer of the skinskin，and sometimes the tissueand sometimes the tissue under it.Examples include under it.Examples include burns caused by electricburns caused by electric shocksshocks，burning clothesburning clothe
9、s，or or petrol fires.These burns cause very severe internal petrol fires.These burns cause very severe internal injuriesinjuries and the victimand the victim must go to the hospital at once.must go to the hospital at once.三度烧伤这类烧伤会伤及皮肤的每一层，有时还会影响皮下组织。例如由电击、衣服燃烧或汽油着火引起的烧伤。这类烧伤会造成非常严重的内伤，受伤者必须马上去医院。el
10、ectric adj.电的；用电的；电动的electric shock 触电；电击an electric light 电灯electricity n电；电能at once at once 立刻；马上立刻；马上 CHARACTERISTICS OF BURNSFirstdegree burnsdry，red，and mildly swollenmildly painfulturn white when pressed when pressed=when they are pressed烧伤的特点一度烧伤干燥，发红，轻度肿胀轻度疼痛按压时变白 Seconddegree burnsred and s
11、wollen；blisters；watery surfaceextremely painful二度烧伤又红又肿；有水泡；表面有液体极其疼痛 Thirddegree burnsblack and whiteswollen；the tissue underneath can often be seenlittle or no pain if nerves are damaged;may be painful around the edges of the burn三度烧伤(皮肤)呈焦黑色和死白色肿胀；常常可见皮下组织如果神经受损，轻微疼痛或完全无痛感；烧伤处周围可感疼痛 FIRSTAID TREA
12、TMENT1Place burns under cool running water，especially within the first ten minutes.The cool water stops the burning process and reduces the pain and swelling.2Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth.急救治疗1将烧伤部位放在流动的冷水下，特别是在烧伤后的前10分钟内。冷水可以终止烧灼过程，减少疼痛和肿胀。2用干净的布轻轻擦干烧伤部位。3Remove any clothes using sc
13、issors if necessary，unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.3如果有必要，用剪刀剪掉衣服，除非你看到布料已粘在烧伤的皮肤上。主句remove any clothes是祈使句；using scissors是现在分词短语作方式状语；if necessary是状语从句的省略=if it is necessaryunless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin是条件状语从句。stick to.粘到上；坚持stick to doing sth 坚持做某事stick
14、.to/on.把粘到上 4Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth.Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea,as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.4用一块干净的布覆盖住烧伤部位。在受伤部位涂抹油膏是个坏主意，因为这会维持伤口的热度，并可能导致感染。cover.with.用.覆盖.Applying oil to the injured areas 动名词短语作主语 apply vt.（熟词生义）涂，敷apply.to.将涂在上apply to.申请.Thank You!
