1、Direct speech 直接引语 Reported speech间接引语.直接引述别人的话，要加引号用自己的话转述别人的话，不用引号引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:一.一.原封不动地引用原话原封不动地引用原话,把它放在括把它放在括号内号内,这叫直接引语这叫直接引语;二二.用自己的话加以转述用自己的话加以转述,这叫间接引这叫间接引语语.）人称的变化）人称的变化口诀说明直接引语间接引语一一随随主主二随宾二随宾三三不不变变引号内的第一人引号内的第一人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句主语的人称保句主语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第二人引号内的第二人称变间引后与主称变间引
2、后与主句宾语的人称保句宾语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第三人引号内的第三人称在变间引后去人称在变间引后去人称不变称不变She said,“I like Tennis.”She said that she liked tennisHe said to Lily,“you must get up early”He told Lily that she must get up earlyShe said to me,“They want tohelp him”She told me that they wanted tohelp him一随主，二随宾，三不变一随主，二随宾，三不变一般现在时一般现在时
3、一般过去时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时不变不变一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时Nowtodaytonightagoyesterdaylast nighttomorrownext The day after tomorrowThe day before yesterday直接引语中的时间状语转换规则：直接引语中的时间状语转换规则：thenThat dayThat nightBefore/earlier记住：记住：指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和指示代词、时间状语、地点状
4、语和动词的变化动词的变化直接引语间接引语指示代词this,these时间状语nowtodayyesterdaytomorrowthis weeknext week.地点状语here动词come“一随主一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：She said.My brother wants to go shopping with me.”She said her brother wanted to
5、 go shopping with her.The boy said,”Im reading a book.”Direct speech 直接引语直接引语 The boy said(that)he was reading a book.Reported speech间接引语间接引语.“二随宾二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，
6、如：。也可以用第一人称，如：He said to Kate.How is your sister now?”He asked Kate how her sister was then。“第三人称不更新第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：人称一般不需要变化如：Mr.Smith said,“Jack is a good boy.”Mr.Smith said Jack was a good boy.Practice:1)He sai
7、d,“My brother failed in the exam.”He said _brother had failed in the exam.2)He said to Mary,“How is your mother now?”he asked Mary how _mother was then.3)My teacher said,she is a good student.My teacher said _was a good student4)He said to me,“Ive left her book in your room”He told me that _had left
8、 _ book in _ room.hishershehehermy记住记住：动词时态的变化动词时态的变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时cancouldmaymight1 陈述句陈述句 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语引语时，用连词时，用连词that引导（引导（that在口语中常省略）在口语中常省略）一般现在时一般现在时 He said,“I can do well in English.”现在进行时现在进行时 He said,“Im writing a letter.”一般将来时一般将来时 Tom said to
9、me“I will call you tomorrow”一般过去时一般过去时过去进行时过去进行时过去将来时过去将来时 He said that he could do well in English.He said that he was writing a letter.Tom told me that he would call me the next day.注注：如果主句是一般现在时，直接引如果主句是一般现在时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的时态不变。语变间接引语时，从句的时态不变。He says,“Im not good at math.”He says that he is not
10、good at math.注意：注意：(1)如果在当天转述如果在当天转述today,yesterday,tomorrow 等时间状语也不必等时间状语也不必改变改变。(2)如果在当地转述，如果在当地转述，here 不必改为不必改为there，动词，动词come 不必改为不必改为go.(3)当转述客观真理时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：当转述客观真理时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：1.He said ,“The moon moves around the earth.He said that the moon moves around the earth.(4)为了表示引述的状
11、态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，也经常用一为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，也经常用一般现在时。般现在时。My teacher said,“Tom is a good student.”My teacher said Tom is a good student.26I I cancan speak three languages.speak three languages.He He saidsaid he he couldcould speak speak three languages.three languages.What did he say?What did he say?h
12、e was good at playing basketball.What did he say?He saidIm good at playing basketball.2)特殊疑问句特殊疑问句:由直接引语变为间接引语时由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑仍用原来的疑问词引导问词引导.要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。Eg.“Whereareyougoing?”Fatheraskedhisson.Eg.The policeman asked the small boy,“Where do you live?”The policeman asked the smal
13、l boy where he lived.Father asked his son where he was going疑问语序疑问语序陈述语序陈述语序疑问语序疑问语序陈述语序陈述语序“What are you doing?”She asked meI was doing.whatwhat“Why do you like English?”He asked meI liked Englishwhywhy“Where does he live?”She asked mehe lived.wherewhere“How does she go to school?”She asked meShe w
14、ent to school.howhow“Do you know my name?”She asked meI knew her name.Whether/if是否是否When do you have math?(They asked him)They asked himwhenyou have mathyou have math.hadThey asked him when he had math.Summary(总结总结)1.特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语Do you have math?(They asked him)They asked himWhether/
15、ifyou have mathyou have math.hadThey asked him whether/if he had math.2.一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语Can you play the piano?(They asked him)They asked himWhether/ifYou can play the pianoyou can play the piano.couldThey asked him whether/if he could play the piano.5、如果是在当天或在原地转达，则上述时间状语、如果是在当天或在原地转达，则
16、上述时间状语 或地点状语一律或地点状语一律1.判断句型加连接词。2.语序。3.人称4.时态5.状语6.注意祈使句。Summary1当直接引语是陈述句：由当直接引语是陈述句：由(that)引导引导主语（主语（said)that+句子（时态往过去推句子（时态往过去推 told 2 当直接引语是一般疑问句当直接引语是一般疑问句:用用 if引导引导 whether主语（主语（asked)if +一般疑问句一般疑问句(主谓结构）主谓结构）whether窍门（窍门（do/does/did去掉）去掉）（be/can/may/must/will/should放主语后）放主语后）3.当直接引语是特殊疑问句时，用
17、原来当直接引语是特殊疑问句时，用原来的特殊疑问词引导（的特殊疑问词引导（what/where等）等）主语主语 asked+what 特殊疑问句（主谓）特殊疑问句（主谓）where4当直接引语是祈使句时用句型：当直接引语是祈使句时用句型：主语主语+told sb(not)to do sth asked ordered8.“Did you see her last week?”he said.He _ _ I had seen her the week _.9.He said,“You can sit here,Jim.”He _ Jim that he _ sit there10.He aske
18、d,“How did you find it,mother?”He asked her mother _ _ _ found it.11.“Where have you been these days?”he asked.He asked me _ _ _been _ days.12.“Do you know where she lives?”he asked.He asked _ _ knew where she _.13.“Stop making so much noise,children.”he said.He _ the children _ _ making so much noi
19、se.14.“Dont tell him the news.”she said.She told me _ _ him the news.15.“Are you intested in this?”he said.He _ _ I was interestd in _.ifaskedtoldbeforeshecouldwherehowhadihadthoselivediifstoptotoldtonotaskedtellifthat1.She said to me“Why are you interested in science?”She asked me _ _ _interested i
20、n science.2.He asked him“when will you buy the red coat?”He asked him _ _ _ buy the red coat.3.Shirley asked me“Where were you born?”Shirley asked me _ _ _ born.4.“Whats wrong with you?”Lily asked me.Lily asked me _ _ _ with _.5.The girl asked me “What happened?”The girl asked me _ _.Exercises:why I
21、 was when he wouldwhere I waswhat was wrong me what happened4 Mother said to Tom,“get up earlier!”Mother told/asked Tom to get up earlier.5 The teacher said to us,“Dont talk in class!”The teacher told/asked us not to talk in class.6 The teacher said,“The moon goes around the earth.”The teacher said(that)the moon goes around the earth.谢谢观看！2020
