1、“I want to be a teacher.”She said she wanted to be a teacher.直接引语直接引语She says间接引语间接引语“I am going to do my homework.”He saidhe was going to do his homework.直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语He saysI am hard-working every day.我我每天都很认真学习。每天都很认真学习。He said he was hard-working every day.他他说说他他每天都很每天都很认真学习。认真学习。人称人称直接引语变间接引
2、语直接引语变间接引语一、如何变人称：一、如何变人称：口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新。口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新。“一随主一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：主语的人称变化如：She said.My brother wants to go shopping with me.”She said her brother wanted to go shopping with her.“二随宾二随宾”是指
3、直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：He said to me.How is your sister now?”He asked Kate how my sister was then。“第三人称不更新第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三
4、人称所修果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：Mr Smith said,“Jack is a good boy.”Mr Smith said Jack was a good boy.一般现在时一般现在时一般将来时一般将来时现在进行时现在进行时一般过去时一般过去时现在完成时现在完成时直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语一般现在时一般现在时一般一般过去过去时时一般将来时一般将来时过去过去将来时将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去过去进行时进行时过去时态过去时态直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时一般过去时现在
5、完成时现在完成时He said,“Japanese companies have already made robots walk and dance.”-He said that Japanese companies had already made robots walk and dance.He said,“I told Mike this good news.”-He said that he had told Mike that good news.直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语amiswasarewerehavehashadwillwouldcancoulddodid四、如何变句
6、型：四、如何变句型：直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导 的宾语从句。She said,Our bus will arrive in five minutes.“She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.直接引语如果是一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由直接引语如果是一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由 if或或whether 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句.He said,Can you swim,John?“He asked John if he could swim.Do you go to school by bus or b
7、y bike?He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述语序）问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述语序）。She asked me,When do they have their dinner?”She asked me when they had their dinner.She asked me,What was Jack doing when I come in?”She aske
8、d me what Jack was doing when she came in.直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“Tell/ask sb(not)to do sth.”句型句型。如：如：1.Dont make any noise,the teacher said to the students.She told the students not to make any noise.2.“Open the door,please,said she.She asked him to open the door.直接引语如果是以直接引语如果是以“Lets”
9、开头的祈使句，变为间开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用接引语时，通常用“suggest+动句词（或从句）动句词（或从句）”如如：He said,Lets go to the movies.He suggested going to the movies.或或He suggested that they should go to see the movies.2.He said,“It must be late.I really must go.”He said it must be late,and he really must go.1.He said,“light travels muc
10、h faster than sound.”(光光传播的速度比声音传播速度要快得多。传播的速度比声音传播速度要快得多。)He said that light travels much faster than sound.Could you help me think about the problems?Could you help me think about the problems?3.Mr.and Mrs.Davis said,“We wont be able to come to dinner today.”They said they wouldnt be able to dinne
11、r that day.4.“What are you doing,Tom?”I asked Tom what he was doing.当谓语动词包含无过去时形式的情态助动词时当谓语动词包含无过去时形式的情态助动词时 直接引语是疑问句时直接引语是疑问句时 当转述客观真理或引述客观事实时当转述客观真理或引述客观事实时注意时间状语的变化注意时间状语的变化 三、如何变状语：三、如何变状语：直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，时间状语时间状语由由“现在现在”改为改为“原来原来”（例：例：now变为变为then,yesterday变为变为 the day
12、before today变为变为 that day He said,”I want to go swimming now.”He said he wanted to go swimming then.地点状语地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，尤其表示方向性的，here 变变 there The teacher said,“You should come here at 7:00.”The teacher said I should go there at 7:00.指示代词指示代词修饰的状语，由修饰的状语，由“此此”改为改为“彼彼”例：例：this 改为改为that He said,This boo
13、ks is mine.“He said that book was his.2、直接引语是一般、选择或反问疑问句，变成间接引语，由连词whether或if 引导。He asked me,Do you like playing football?He asked me if/whether I liked playing football.He asked me:“Do you come from China?”He asked me if/whether I came from China.1.Tony said,“I can play the violin.”Tony said _2.Tan
14、ya said,“Carol is studying Japanese.”Tanya said_3.They said,“Were going to Sams house.”They said_he could play the violin.Carol was studying Japanese.they were going to Sams house.直接引语变为间接引语直接引语变为间接引语直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，由相应的直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，由相应的疑问词疑问词who,whom,whose,how,when,why,where 等引导。句式等引导。句式aske
15、d+疑问词疑问词 Eg.My sister asked me:“What is your friend?”My sister asked me what your friend was.My sister asked me,How do you like the film?My sister asked me how I liked the film.4.Susan said,“Im very hungry.”Susan said_u5.She said to me,”You can do better in science.”She said_6.He said,“I have to get
16、 up early.”He said_7.They said,“We will go to the beach tomorrow.”They said_ _she was very hungry.I could do better in science.he had to get up early.they would go to the beach tomorrow.直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定前加tell,ask,order 的宾语。句式.tell,ask,order sb to do Eg.The solider ordered:”Be quie
17、t.”The solider ordered us to be quiet.注意：否定句，在动词不定式前加notMy teacher asked me:”Dont laugh.”My teacher asked me not to laugh.1.1.宁愿做宁愿做而不做而不做would rather would rather do A than do B=prefer to do A do A than do B=prefer to do A rather than do Brather than do B2.2.建议做某事建议做某事suggest doing sth./suggest+that从句从句
