1、ChristmasChristmas What is Christmas in Chinese?圣诞节 What is the meaning of 圣?Of 诞?(sheng=holy;dan=be born/birthday)What is the meaning of Christmas in English?Christmas In English,the word for Christmas is made from two parts:CHRIST(from Greek 希腊语)=Jesus ChristMAS(from Latin 拉丁文)=to send Christmas i
2、s the celebration of a holy birth or birthday,the sending of Gods Son Jesus to earth.Some Facts Christmas is celebrated on December 25th.It is said to be the day Jesus was born.No one knows Jesus exact birthday,but since 336 AD people around the world have said His birthday is December 25th.The day
3、before Christmas,December 24th,is called Christmas Eve.On this night,many people attend special Christmas programs at church 教堂.This night is considered a quiet,holy night.Families get together on Christmas Eve and Christmas Day.Christmas Eve Church ServiceChristmas traditions and symbols Christmas
4、is one of the worlds largest holidays.Almost every country has some people who celebrate this holiday.There are some Christmas traditions that are common around the world,and there are other customs that are special to each country.Some are religious 宗教的 and come from the story of the first Christma
5、s told in the Bible 圣经.Others are not religious.Angels and Shepherds God promised hundreds of years before that Jesus would be born in the town of Bethlehem in Israel(以色列).He would be Gods messenger.Jesus came to earth to bring peace with God.The first people to be told about Jesus birth were shephe
6、rds(牧羊人).Angels(天使)came to them while they were watching their sheep and announced the good news.Shepherds were the first visitors to see the baby Jesus.Angels and ShepherdsStars and Lights Lights are common decorations inside and outside the house at Christmas.Stars are also common decorations at C
7、hristmas time as a way to remember the bright star that led the wise men(Magi)to the baby Jesus.The lights are often of different colors and are turned on at night.In some cities there are contests to see who can put up the most and most beautiful display of lights around their house.People often dr
8、ive around the city during the Christmas season to look at the lights and to sing Christmas carols.Stars and LightsToo many lights?Wise Men(Magi)At the time Jesus was born in Bethlehem,a very bright star appeared in the sky.Wise men,called Magi,saw the star and knew it meant something great had happ
9、ened.They traveled“from the east”to find and worship(礼拜)the baby Jesus and to give him gifts.The gifts they brought were gold and spices(香料)gifts for a king.Wise Men(Magi)NativityCandlesBellsChristmas carols Christmas carols are special songs that tell about the events of Jesus birth.The first Chris
10、tmas songs were written in 400 AD.Carols,however,didnt become really popular until the 1800s.It is still common for groups of people,often from a neighborhood(街道),school or church to spend an evening walking through a neighborhood singing Christmas carols.This is a fun way to enjoy the company of ot
11、hers and to share the joy of the season.Christmas Carols,Carolling PartiesGingerbread Houses Many people in various countries will make edible model houses out of gingerbread and various candies.Not only will people enjoy building these gingerbread houses,but they will also enjoy eating the houses d
12、uring Christmas.Talk about it1.What are some symbols of Christmas?Are these religious or not religious?2.What are some of the traditions weve talked about so far?3.What is a nativity?4.What are magi?5.When is Christmas celebrated?6.Where is Christmas celebrated?Christmas Trees At Christmas time,most
13、 people decorate their homes with a Christmas tree.This is a green fir tree(冷杉)decorated with colored balls,lights or candles,and stars.The top of the tree is often decorated with a star or with an angel(天使)to remember the events from Jesus birth.The tradition of decorating a Christmas tree began in
14、 Germany in the 1500s.Christmas is about giving.God gave people the first Christmas gift when His son Jesus was born.The tradition of giving gifts began from two events:first,the wise men(the Magi)brought gifts to the baby Jesus after he was born;second,Saint Nicholas gave gifts to the poor and othe
15、rs during his life.The modern-day Santa Claus is based on Saint Nicholas.In America,people buy gifts for their families and friends to show their love and care.They also give money and time to help people who are poor or homeless or sick or in prison(监狱).It is common for families to open their Chris
16、tmas gifts on the night of Christmas Eve(December 24th)or on Christmas morning(December 25th).GiftsGiftsTalk about it1.What are some more Christmas symbols and traditions?Are these religious or not religious?2.How are Christmas trees decorated?3.When and where did this tradition begin?4.Christmas is
17、 about _.In America,people give _ and _ to help others at Christmas.5.When do families open their Christmas gifts?Saint(圣徒)NicholasSanta Claus comes from an old tradition based on a real person named Nicholas.He lived in the 4th Century in what is now the country of Turkey 土耳其.Nicholas was a rich ma
18、n and a Christian.He used his money to help others who were poor or who were in need.On Christmas,he secretly gave gifts to children in orphanages.One time,he helped a friend by secretly dropping some gold coins in an open window at night.The coins fell into the friends shoes and stockings.From this
19、 event came the modern custom of hanging up a stocking on Christmas Eve.Nicholas died on December 6th around the year 343 AD.Saint Nicholas Day is still celebrated in some countries on this day.Saint(圣徒)NicholasStockingsSanta Claus The modern American Santa Claus is not a real person.His character d
20、id not become well-defined until the early 1800s when a writer wrote a poem(诗)describing what he thought Santa would look like and an artist painted a picture based on the description.In England,Santa Claus is called Father Christmas.In both countries,Santa is said to enter houses on December 24th(C
21、hristmas Eve)by coming down the chimney(烟囱).Then,he fills long socks,called stockings,hung near the chimney with small gifts and treats.When children get up on Christmas morning,they look to see what“Santa Claus”has brought them.Santa Claus&his elves“Rudolf,the Red-nosed Reindeer”Rudolph,the red-nos
22、ed reindeer had a very shiny nose.And if you ever saw him,you would even say it glows.All of the other reindeer used to laugh and call him names.They never let poor Rudolph join in any reindeer games.Then one foggy Christmas Eve Santa came to say:Rudolph with your nose so bright,wont you guide my sl
23、eigh tonight?Then all the reindeer loved him as they shouted out with glee,Rudolph the red-nosed reindeer,youll go down in history!Talk about it1.Who was Saint Nicholas?When did he live?Where did he live?What kind of person was he?2.Who is Santa Claus?Is he real?Where does he live?3.What does Santa
24、do on Christmas Eve?4.How does Santa travel?5.Who are his helpers?DecorationsWreaths(花环),holly(冬青),mistletoe(槲寄生)and poinsettias(一品红)are all used to decorate homes at Christmas time for their green and red colors.Green and red are traditional Christmas colors.Poinsettias and HollyWreaths and Mistlet
25、oeChristmas CardsMany people send greeting cards to family and friends at Christmas.In America,this tradition began in the mid-1800s.Talk about it1.What are some common decorations at Christmas time?Why are these items used?2.If one is seen standing under the _,he or she gets _.3.What do people in t
26、he U.S.often send to each other at Christmas?When did this tradition begin?Christmas Dinner Another Christmas tradition is a big Christmas dinner.This is a time for family to be together.People often travel long distances to see family at Christmas.For Christmas dinner most people eat:roast beef,ham
27、(火腿),or turkey,potatoes or sweet potatoes,green beans or other vegetables,and bread.Many different kinds of cookies,candies,and pies are made for dessert(饭后甜点).Christmas dinnerChristmas Cookies&DessertsCandy CanesThe First Christmas In a city in northern Israel 以色列,an angel(天使)came to a woman named
28、Mary.The angel told her that she would have a child while she was still a virgin(处女).He would be the Son of God.She should name the child Jesus.Even though Mary was very surprised by this message,she still believed the angel.The First Christmas Mary soon married a man named Joseph.An angel had also
29、told Joseph that Mary,who was still a virgin,would have a baby boy.At the time when Marys baby should be born,Joseph and Mary had to travel to a city called Bethlehem because King Herod wanted to take a census(人口调查)of all the people.Everyone had to go to their hometown to register(登记).Josephs hometo
30、wn was Bethlehem.The First Christmas In Bethlehem,Joseph tried to find a room where Mary could give birth to her baby,but there was no room at any inn.One of the innkeepers offered his barn(厩)for them to stay in and that is where the baby Jesus was born.The First Christmas While this was all taking
31、place,angels came to shepherds(牧羊人)and told them about Jesus.The shepherds hurried to Bethlehem to find out if what the angels told them was true.When they got to Bethlehem,they found everything exactly as the angels had said.The First Christmas In addition to the shepherds,wise men from a different
32、 country saw a new star and followed it to Jesus.All who heard the shepherds and wise men were impressed that these amazing things had happened.The First Christmas God promised hundreds of years before that Jesus would be born in the town of Bethlehem in Israel.He would be Gods messenger.Jesus came
33、to earth to make a way for people to have forgiveness for all the bad things they have done.His birth,which was announced by angels,was good news.Shepherds were the first visitors to see the baby Jesus.Later wise men,called Magi,traveled“from the east”following a very bright star to worship the baby
34、 Jesus and to give him gifts.The gifts they brought were gold and spicesgifts for a king.1.根据图中和表格中信息,丁香林地土壤平均含水量整体较高的原因主要从地形地势、坡度、地表径流、树高、郁闭度、密度等方面分析回答。2.自然恢复就是不掺杂人为因素的干扰,自然恢复程度需要考虑该区域的地形、植被等自然因素以及劳动力和成本等人为因素。3.自然恢复投入的劳动力和资金少,成本低,减轻当地的经济负担;自然恢复形成的生态系统丰富、稳定,水土保持效果更好;该流域属于生态脆弱地区,应减少人工干预。4.建立了自然保护区和绿化
35、带,优化了产业结构,减少了对煤炭资源的开采,城市功能区合理调整。5.随着美国西部和南部的新兴产业的发展，美国西部和南部为美国人口提供了更多的就业机会，加上东北部环境的污染，导致人口从东北部迁入西部和南部。引起图中人口迁移的主导因素是社会经济因素.6.高效益的综合发展阶段，第二、三产业在国内生产总值中占到相当大的比重，第三产业的增长速度明显超过第二产业，高科技成为区域发展的主导力量。7.分析赤峰市发生白灾的自然原因，并说明定居后牧业抗灾能力增强的主要原因8.位于半湿润半干旱过渡地带(农牧交错带)，种植业和畜牧业均可发展；种植业为畜牧业提供丰富饲料；种植业和畜牧业为农畜产品加工业提供丰富原料。9.要及时调整产业结构，大力发展新兴产业；发展科技，提高产品质量和生产效率，增强竞争力。
