1、高考完形填空策略高考完形填空策略 Warming-up 做完形填空题做完形填空题判断的依据判断的依据(快速反应快速反应）1、环境线索、环境线索Im tired of sea food,so I didnt eat much _ that day.A.vegetablesB.flounder（比目鱼）（比目鱼）2、因果线索、因果线索He was badly ill,so he was _.A.presentB.absent3、转折线索、转折线索He was badly ill,however,he was _.A.presentB.absentWarming-up6、反义词线索、反义词线索 He
2、 used to be lazy.But now he is quite _.A.hardworkingB.handsomeWarming-up4、让步线索、让步线索 He didnt _ the test,though he worked hard.A.passB.fail5、顺序线索、顺序线索 After she wrote the letter,she _ it and then _ it.A.posted/signedB.signed/posted 命题规律Proposition rules 完形填空命题规律完形填空命题规律 1.从选择文章的角度(selected articles f
3、orm)2.从所挖空格的角度(blanks)3.从所拟选项的角度(multiple choices)策略1.从选择文章的角度从选择文章的角度(selected articles form(selected articles form)体裁上，以叙为主，叙议结合。故事富有哲理，教育意义。按照一定线索行文（时间、地点 或心理变化）内部逻辑清晰，层次分明 返回2.从所挖空格的角度从所挖空格的角度(blanks)(blanks)l首句不设空l20空，平均每14词挖一个空格 l所设选择以实词（notional word）为主（n.adj.adv.v.）虚词(function word)为辅（prep.c
4、onj）l具体挖空的时候遵循“重复原则重复原则”挖去的词通常都在保留的上下文中给出解题的线索。并且，某特定空格的解题线索多不在本空格所在的句子，或上一句或下一句，或上几句或下几句，所以我们在考场上应逾越空格所在的单句，结合更宏观的上下文来解题。返回3.从所拟选项的角度从所拟选项的角度(multiple choices)(multiple choices)l四选项同一词性，或在句子中充当同样的语法成分 l语法规则非重点，强调细微差别辨析l结合语境做选择返回应对策略应对策略(strategies)Words&phrases-固定搭配固定搭配(collocation)Sentence(s)-选项辨析
5、选项辨析(analyze)逻辑逻辑(logic)Paragraph(s)-上下文上下文(context)词义复现词义复现(reiteration)Skill 1 Collocation(固定搭配固定搭配)注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如：择正确的短语。例如：例例1：Heres a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himselfso much money.A.f
6、or B.by C.to D.of分析分析:表示表示“自取，随便拿自取，随便拿”这个意义的短语是这个意义的短语是help oneself to故答案为故答案为C。例例2 A woman in her sixties lived alone in her little cottage with a pear tree at the door.She spent all her time taking care of the tree.But the children nearby drove her 21 by making fun of her.They would climb her tre
7、e and then run away with pears,22 “Aunty Misery”at her.21.A.hopeless B.painful C.dull D.crazy22.A.calling B.shouting C.announcing D.whisperingSkill 1 Collocation(固定搭配固定搭配)扎实基础，扎实基础，搞清辨异搞清辨异例例1.1.Soon I heard alike that of a door burst in and then a climb of feet.A.sound B.cry C.voice D.shout分析分析:选项中
8、的四个词都表示不同的声音，但选项中的四个词都表示不同的声音，但B，C，D项的三个词都是指从嗓子里发出的声音，而项的三个词都是指从嗓子里发出的声音，而sound则表示各种各样的声音。因此答案是则表示各种各样的声音。因此答案是A。Skill 2:Analyze（辨析词义）（辨析词义）例例 2.Todd was working at his gas station at night when he heard over the radio that a _1_ in Long Island had been _2_ by an armed man who had killed the night g
9、uard and got away with$150 000.1.A store B bank C station D house 2.A searched for B held up C taken over D broken into Skill 2:Analyze（辨析词义）（辨析词义）例例1 寻求上下寻求上下逻辑逻辑，从容确定关系，从容确定关系It has been many years since I was last in LondonI still remember something that happened during that visit.A.and B.for C.b
10、ut D.as分析分析:根据句前的根据句前的many years和句后的和句后的still remember答案应选表示转折的连词答案应选表示转折的连词but.Skill 3:Logic（逻辑推理）（逻辑推理）Skill 3:Logic（逻辑推理）（逻辑推理）例例2 Some parts of the water are very shallow.But in some places it is very.A.deep B.high C.cold D.dangerous同样，可以根据转折连词同样，可以根据转折连词but but 来判断前后关系。来判断前后关系。要注意：要注意：but,howev
11、er,unfortunately,but,however,unfortunately,yet yet 例3 When we talked,I discovered some differences in school life between the US and China.For example,each class lasts fifty minutes in the US.It is a little _ than that in China.We usually have forty-five minutes in each class.A shorter B longer C ea
12、rlier D later Skill 3:Logic（逻辑推理）（逻辑推理）Many old people dont have good _.ABCSkill 4:Context（上下文）（上下文）Skill 5:Reiteration(词义复现词义复现)词义复现就是正确选项的意义是上下文中已出现词义复现就是正确选项的意义是上下文中已出现 了了的同一个单词或者同义异形词。的同一个单词或者同义异形词。例例1:There were many ways to prevent this from happening:hanging a knife over the babys head while
13、he slept or covering him with some of his fathers clothes were just two of the recommended _.A.cases B.tools C.steps D.methods根据上文提到的根据上文提到的many waysmany ways，推断出这里，推断出这里应该填应该填waysways的同义词的同义词methodsmethods，意思是，意思是“推荐的方法推荐的方法”。例例2：When I entered Berkeley,I hoped to earn a scholarship The last hurdle
14、(障碍障碍)was the final.No matter what 48 I got,it wouldnt cancel three C-pluses.I might as well kiss the 49 goodbye.I was speechless when my course grade arrived:A-plus.It was the only A-plus given.The next year I received my scholarship.Ive always remembered Professor Jaynes lesson:you alone must set
15、your own standard of excellence.48.A.grade B.answer C.lesson D.comment49.A.scholarship B.course C.degree D.subject Skill 5:Reiteration(词义复现词义复现)应对策略应对策略(strategies)Words&phrases-固定搭配固定搭配(collocation)Sentence(s)-选项辨析选项辨析(analyze)逻辑逻辑(logic)Paragraph(s)-上下文上下文(context)词义复现词义复现(reiteration)Lets practic
16、e!l Every America knows the Mayflower.The Mayflower is the name of the famous _1_ that _2_ from England to the new world in 1620.There were 102 pilgrims(移居美国的英国清教徒)on board.It was a dangerous trip for one small ship to make,and it _3_more than 66 days.The pilgrims were very _4_ when they finally saw
17、 land.l In this New World,there were no houses or towns.They had to build their own _5_,which became known as Plymouth,Massachusetts.1.A flower B ship C film D place 2.A flew B sailed C planted D grew 3.A made B took C spent D lost 4.A painful B powerful C fearful D thankful 5.A ship B house C field
18、s D cityCheck your homeworkl1.part of speech(词性)l2.prediction l Jenna,a popular girl from Westwood Middle School,had graduated first in her class and was ready for new 1 in high school.l 2 ,high school was different.In the first week,Jenna went to tryouts(选拔赛)for cheerleaders(拉拉队队员).She was competin
19、g against very talented girls,and she knew it would be 3 for her to be selected.Two hours later,the 4 read a list of the girls for a second tryout.Her heart 5 as the list ended without her name.Feeling 6 ，she walked home carrying her schoolbag full of homework.1.A.processes B.decisions C.challenges
20、D.exercises 2.A.Therefore B.However C.Otherwise D.Besides 3.A.difficult B.easy C.boring D.interesting 4.A.editor B.boss C.candidate D.judge 5.A.jumped B.sank C.stopped D.raced 6.A.strange B.happy C.awful D.lonely l Arriving home,she started with math.She had always been a _7_ math student,but now sh
21、e was struggling.She moved on to English and history,and was 8 to find that she didnt have any trouble with those subjects.Feeling better,she decided not to worry about math for the time being.7.A.goodB.strict C.polite D.easy-going8.A.ashamed B.disappointed C.shocked D.relieved l The next day Jenna
22、went to see Mrs.Biden about being on the school _9_.Mrs.Biden wasnt as enthusiastic as Jenna.Im sorry,but we have enough _10_ for the newspaper already.Come back next year and well talk then.Jenna smiled weakly and left.Why is high school so _11_?she sighed.9.A.committee B.newspaper C.radio D.team 1
23、0.A.speakers B.readers B.cheerleaders D.writers 11.A.similar B.ordinary C.different D.familiar 词义复现词义复现词义复现词义复现l Later in math class,Jenna devoted herself to figuring out the problems that had given her so much _12_.Jenna decided shed continue to try to fit in at her new school.High school was just
24、as her mom had said:You will feel like a small fish in a big pond _13_ a big fish in a small pond.The challenge is to become the best fish you can be.12.A.pleasure B.hopeC.trouble D.sorrow 13.A.in return for B.in case of C.in terms of D.instead of .Jenna,a popular girl from Westwood Middle School,ha
25、d graduated first in her class and was ready for new 1 in high school.High school was just as her mom had said:You will feel like a small fish in a big pond 16_ a big fish in a small pond.The challenge is to become the best fish you can be.首尾呼应首尾呼应词义复现词义复现DONTSDOES.提笔就选提笔就选不复读核实不复读核实无依据选择无依据选择读（掌握大意）读（掌握大意）边读边选边读边选读（核实答案）读（核实答案）瞻前顾后瞻前顾后左顾右盼左顾右盼l开头句与结尾句l先完意 后完形l寻找线索：TIPS:时间线索时间线索发展线索：起因发展线索：起因发展发展结局结局蕴含的道理蕴含的道理人物心理变化人物心理变化人物行为变化人物行为变化
