1、连词一 考点概述:本考点是历年高考中经常考查的要点 ,主要考查并列连词如:and, but ,or 等 ,以及状语从句中的连词 when ,while ,as , if,though 等。 考查形式:语法填空和改错 ,另外还需要注意在阅读理解和完型填空中 出现的连词含义。二 考点精讲1. 并列连词常见的并列连词有 and , but ,or , not .but .(不是 而是 .),not only but also .(不仅 .而且 .);neither .nor .(既不 .也不 .)either .or .(要么 .要么 .)用法:并列的成分保持一致 (可以并列主语 ,谓语 ,宾语 ,
2、状语等)例如:She is not a teacher but a doctor.(并列宾语)Tom is not in the library but in the room.(并列状语) Either Li lei or Jim goes to see a movie.(并列主语)注意:在高考中主要是结合句意来理解例如: 1) He is a shy man,_ he is not afraid of anything or anyone.(2015 北京)解析:结合句意 ,他是个害羞的人 ,但不怕任何事和任何人。表转折 故填 but。 2) Give me a chance,_Ill g
3、ive you a wonderful surprise.(天津 高考)解析:根据句意:给我一个机会 ,我就会给你个伟大的惊喜。此时这 里表示并列关系 ,故填 and。2. 状语从句连接两个对立的分句;连词后的句子为从句 ,另个句子是主句;例如: If you can study hard,(从句) you will be successful. (主句) 1) when, while ,as 的用法都可以表示“当 .时候”;可以相互替换;as、when、while 用法一览表。类别作 用例 句asas 表示“当 的时候” , 往往和 when/ while 通用, 但它着重强调主句与从句的
4、动作或事情同时或几乎同时 发生。She came up as I wascooking.(同时)The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎同时)when(at or during the timethat )既可以表示在某一点的 时候 ,又可表示在某一段时 间内 ,主句与从句的动作或 事情可以同时发生也可以先 后发生。It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点)When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内)whilewhile 意思是“当
5、 的时 候”或“在某一段时间 里”。主句中的动作或事情 在从句中的动作或事情的进 展过程中发生 ,从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。在when 表示 a period of time 时 ,两者可以互换。Please dont talk so loud while others are working.He fell asleep while/when reading. Strike while the iron is hot.(用 as 或 when 不 可 ,这里的 while 意思是 “趁 ”)注意:when 还可以表示这时 ,突然的意思;例如:We are having a meetin
6、g when someone breaks into the room. (when 这里表示突然)while可以表示然而 ,尽管等含义例如: He likes pop music,while I am fond of folk music.(表示 对比关系)2) 表示“一 .就 ”的连词有:as soon as, once, immediately,instantly, the moment,the minute, hardly when , no sooner .than ;例如:As soon as I get home, I start to do my homework.3) 容易混
7、淆的连词有:as long as (只要);even if/even though 即使;as if /as though 好像; now that 既然; in case 以防;万一 ;so that 以便于等4) 让步状语从句( 1) although 与 though 可以引导让步状语从句 ,不能与 but 连用 ,但可以与 yet 连用。Although they are poor,(yet)they are warm-hearted.( 2) even if 或 even though 引导让步状语从句 ,表示“即使”, “纵然” ,用来使人注意下文所强调内容的性质。Ill get
8、there even if(though)I have to sell my house to get enough money to go by air.( 3) no matter 后接上 who、what、where、 how 等疑问词 ,也可以在 这类疑问词后面加上 ever 构成 whoever、whatever、wherever、 however 等。Dont trust him, no matter what / whatever he says.Whoever breaks the law will be published.No matter how hard the wor
9、k is, youd better try to do it well.(4) as 也可以引导让步状语从句。要用倒装。Child as(though)he is, he knows a lot.Much as I like it, I wont buy.Try as he would, he couldnt lift the heavy box.5) because, for, as, since, now that 的区别( 1) 表示不知道的原因时用 because,即说话人认为听话人不知道 , 因此 because 从句是全句最重要的部分 ,通常它被置于主句之后。You want to
10、 know why Im leaving? Im leaving because Im full.for 虽然表示不知道的原因 ,但其语气较 because 要弱得多 ,是可说可不 说的话 , 它只能置于主句之后 ,这时 , for 是并列连词。如果不是因果关系 , 而是对前面主句的内容加以解释或推断时 ,只能用 for。如: Its morning now, for the birds are singing. (很显然 ,鸟叫不可能是“现在已是早上” 的原因。 )( 2) 表示已经知道的原因时用 as 或 since,即某种原因在说话人看来已经 很明显 ,或已为听话人所熟悉 , 因此它是句
11、中不很重要的部分。 since 要比as 正式一些 , 它们通常被置于语句之前 ,但有时却相反。2015 年2019 年全国卷语法专项语法填空1. So, get an early start and try to be as productive _ possible before lunch.(2016 年全国 2)解析:考查 as+adj+as possible 的结构 ,故填 as;2. In much of Asia, especially the so-calledrice bowl cultures of China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, food is
12、 usually eaten with chopsticks.(2016 年 全国 3)解析:根据 China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam,可知表示并列关系 ,故填 and;3. Over time, the population grew, people began cutting food intosmall pieces so it would cook more quickly . (2016 年全国 3)解析:根据句意 , 随着人口的增长 , ;故填连词 as 表示伴随;4. I work not because I have to, because I want
13、to.解析:根据句意 ,我工作不是因为我必须 ,而是我想要工作 ,表转折 ,填 but;5. My grandfather still plays tennis now and then,_hes in his nineties.(2016,北京)解析:根据句子的意思;我的爷爷有时还打网球 ,尽管他 90 多岁了 ,故, 填 though。6. I really enjoy listening to music_ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day. (北京高考)解析:本题考查原因状语从句 ,
14、根据含义 ,故填 because/as.7. _online shopping has changed our life,not all of its effects have been positive.(浙江高考)解析:根据句意 ,虽然网上购物已改变我们的生活 ,但并非所有的影响都是 积极的 ,故填 Thouth/While短文改错1. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. ( 2015 年全国 1)2. Though not very big ,but the restaurant is popular in our are
15、a . ( 2016 年全国 1)3. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking. ( 2016 年全国 1)4. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. ( 2016 年全国 2)5. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructors orders, so once
16、I started the car, my mind went blank.(2017 年全国1)6. I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years. ( 2017 年全国 3)7. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to returnevery two years, but he agreed. ( 2018 年全国 1)8. The games my parents taught me where I was a
17、child turned out tobe very useful later in my life. ( 2018 年全国 2)9. Everyone was silent, waiting to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. ( 2018 年全国 3)10. One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.(2019 年全国 1)11. Suddenly a footba
18、ll fell just in front of me but almost hit me.(2019 年全国 2)12. When I studied chemistry in high school, I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor. ( 2019 年全国 3)短文改错:1.or 改为 and; 2.去掉 but; 3.or 改为 and;4.but 改为 and; 5.so 改为 but 或 yet;6.and 改为 but; 7.but 改为 and; 8.where 改为 when;9.and 改为 or; 10.where 改为 when; 11.but 改为 and; 12.or 改为 and;