1、经典阅读：全程式问题教学经典阅读：全程式问题教学法与小学生英语能力的培养法与小学生英语能力的培养 -以绘本教学为例以绘本教学为例What is the broad concept of language?A broad concept:language is a system that relates sounds or gestures to meaning.soundsGestures meaningsLanguage is expressed through speech,writing and gesture.What are levels of language?Levels of
2、languagePhonetics and PhonologyPragmaticsMorphologySyntax Semantics Forms and wordsAll sounds and system soundsClauses&sentencesMeanings of various kindsLanguage useIn what way do young learners express themselves in their early ages?Lets look at those sentences which are brief and to the point,cont
3、aining only vital information“More cookie”,“Mommy go”,“Daddy juice”,“Sue dogs”Genres of Childrens LiteraturePoetryProselnursery rhymesllyric poemslnarrative poemsFictionNonfictionFantasyRealism lconcept books(including alphabet and counting books)linformation bookslbiographiesFolk LiteratureModern F
4、antasyRealistic Fictionlmythslepicsllegendslfables lfairy taleslliterary fairy taleslanimal fantasylmagical fantasylheroic fantasylscience fictionlfamily storieslfriendship ladventure/survival storieslmysterylanimal storieslsports storieslhistorical storiesWhat is a picture book?Lon Po PoLon Po Po b
5、y Ed Youngby Ed Young(1989)(1989)Mr.Gumpys Outing by John Burningham(1970)The SnowmanThe Snowman by by Raymond Briggs Raymond Briggs(1978)(1978)Peach Boy retold by Richard Northott and illustrated by Elly NagaokaCan I Play?Written by Sampedro and illustrated by Valentina MaiWhat is a picture book?A
6、picture book uses illustrations,with or without text,to convey stories,which delights and engages children visually(look),orally(speak)and textually(read).It must contain at least three things:pictures,words and meaning.pictureswordspearls=Thread(s)How can a picture book help children learn language
7、 and others?How can a picture book help children learn language and others?Now lets look at an example读一读，找出读一读，找出TomTom话话分角色演一演分角色演一演Read and finishRead and finish自读绘本，完成故事梗概图自读绘本，完成故事梗概图I want to I want to live.live.阅读的过程中，我们可以通过阅读的过程中，我们可以通过图文结合图文结合的的方方式式，获取获取关键信息。关键信息。Dangerous!Dangerous!危险！危险！自
8、读绘本，完成故事梗概图自读绘本，完成故事梗概图.自读绘本，完成故事梗概图自读绘本，完成故事梗概图再读绘本，发现细节。再读绘本，发现细节。关注关注绘绘本本的细节的细节之处之处，会发现更多惊喜。会发现更多惊喜。的爸爸妈妈一直跟随着他。的爸爸妈妈一直跟随着他。分角色朗读绘本分角色朗读绘本写下你最想对父母说的一句话写下你最想对父母说的一句话Finish the love card,then give it to Finish the love card,then give it to your your dad or mum.dad or mum.Read more picture books and
9、 share them Read more picture books and share them with your friends.with your friends.Lets see how we can help our students read the picture book titled“I want to move”?EpistemologyREADINGMethodologyTechnique布鲁姆分类布鲁姆分类 Blooms Taxonomy寻脉络寻脉络 Tracking Plots抓观点抓观点 Capturing Points思道理思道理Generating Them
10、esQuestioningThink-Aloud StrategySummarizingVisualizingPlot DiagramStory MapRead-Draw-Show-Tell mode整体阅读整体阅读 Integrated ReadingLets how Ms Huang help her students to read the picture book?Main charactersSetting Supporting charactersSolutionTitle and authorProblemStory MapMain charactersSetting Suppo
11、rting charactersSolutionTitle and authorProblemStory MapI want to move Published by Beijing Normal UniversityAuthor:unknownIn the woodMain charactersSetting Supporting charactersSolutionTitle and authorProblemStory MapThe Rabbit:TomMain charactersSetting Supporting charactersSolutionTitle and author
12、ProblemStory MapMum and dad；Birds;A Spider;Tom wants to leave home and lives at some other placesEast,west home is the bestMain charactersSetting Supporting charactersSolutionTitle and authorProblemStory MapAn unnamed coastal villagePlot Diagram of A StoryThe climax is the turning point of the story
13、;the moment when the ultimate suspense reaches its peak,from which the story will go down.ClimaxExpositionEnd of the story.The resolution tells us what happens to the characters after the conflict is resolved.ResolutionRising ActionFalling ActionBeginning of the story Location and TimePlot Diagram o
14、f A StoryClimaxExpositionResolutionRising ActionFalling ActionRabbit wants to leave home(conflict)Event:birds(conflict)Event:spider(conflict)Tom is trapped by the spiders web and he cant moveTom starts to miss his parentsToms Mum and Dad follow him all the way and thus Tom is savedPossible guiding q
15、uestions before readingWhat do you think the story“I want to move”is about?(Predicting)What do you think about the topic of the story?(Connecting)In what way does the topic of the story remind you of anything you know?(Connecting)What questions would you like to ask your friends/parents/teachers bef
16、ore you read this story?(Questioning)What are you wondering about as you look at the cover and back of this book?(Visualizing)What has happened so far in the story?(Summarizing)What do you think will happen at the end of the story?(Predicting)If you were in the story,what would you hear,taste,smell
17、or feel?(Connecting)Is there anything youre puzzling about the story right now?(Questioning)Possible guiding questions during reading Why does Tom want to leave his home?(Predicting)In what way do you know Tom thinks it is fun to live in the trees?How do you know?(Inferring)What would you have done
18、if you had been Tom when he saw the big bird?(Connecting)Why does Tom think it is no fun to live in the tree?How would you have done if you had been there?(Connecting)As youve been reading,what the wood is like in your mind?(Visualizing)Is there anything youre puzzling about Toms motive (Questioning
19、)Can you tell us the sequence of the most important events in the story?(Summarizing)Is the sequence making sense to you?(Monitoring Comprehension)What is the big idea in what you have read today?(Determining the importance)Possible guiding questions after readingWhat is the main message of the stor
20、y“I want to move”?(Inferring)What question would you like to ask your parents/teachers now?(Questioning)Can you tell me the plot of the story in your own words?(Summarizing)Please retell the most important events of the story from the beginning,middle and end.(Summarizing)What do you think are the m
21、ost important events of the story?(Determining the importance)What is the theme of the story?(Distilling)If you were Tom,what would you say to your parents after this event?(Integrating and synthesizing)What types of questions shall we ask?Right there questions Think and search questions Author and
22、you questions On my own questionsWhy do we ask these questions?Each types of questions serve for different purposes.One possible way to support students reading:questioning Questioning Strategies are used to engage all students by employing different types of questions from lower order thinking leve
23、l to higher order thinking level.Predicting Inferring Connecting Summarizing Visualizing Monitoring,Distilling,Integrating,Synthesizing etc.LOTS and HOTS Questioning LOTS=Lower Order Thinking Skills HOTS=Higher Order Thinking SkillsBlooms TaxonomyI can remember facts about the information.I can expl
24、ain the ideas in the information.I can use the information in a new way.I can break down the information to understand it better.I can say what I think about the information and back up my opinion.I can use the new information to build new ideas.Where does it say?When/Why/How did?How could you say t
25、hat in your own words?What questions would you ask of?What evidence can you find to?What would you say is the importance of?How could you change the plot?Higher Order Thinking Skills(HOTS)Lower Order Thinking Skills(LOTS)Social-cultural theory Zone of Proximal Development(ZPD)What I can doWhat I can
26、 do with helpWhat I cant doZone of Proximal Development(ZPD)Lower limit of ZPD;Actual developmental level;maximum level of independent performanceUpper limit of ZPD;Potential developmental level;maximum level of additional responsibility the student can accept with the assistance of an able teacher/
27、instructor(more knowledgeable otherMKO)Unreachable for student,with or without helpLevel of problem-solvingLevel of problem-solvingwith social-cultural theory with social-cultural theory SHANGHAI INTERNATIONAL STUDIES UNIVERSITYLOTSHOTSWhen we ask questions,what shall we be careful about?Different t
28、ypes of students:struggling or strong readers.General Guiding Questions(LOTS&HOTS)Before Reading During Reading After Reading Who is the author?Have you ever read other books written by this author?What does the title tell you?Where/When do you think this story take place?What do you think will happ
29、en in this book?What makes you think so?What have you already known about the topic of this book?Does the topic or story relate to you?And how?What is happening on this page?What does a particular word mean?How do you think the story will end?And why?Why do you think the character?How would you feel
30、 if you were the character?What has happened so far in the story?How do you think of your prediction?Was is right or missing something?How do you think of the characters behavior/decision?How do you feel about the ending?If you were the author,how would you like to end?How to use just one sentence t
31、o summarize the theme of the story?Which character do you like most?And why?Which part of the story would you like to change?L O T S H O T SLOTS HOTS Guiding Questions for Identifying CharactersCharacterWho are the main/supporting characters?Which is the nicest/meanest one?Whats the relationship bet
32、ween and?If you were,how would you react to the crisis/accident/conflict/misfortune?Which character do you admire most?Why?LOTS HOTS Guiding Questions for Identifying SettingsSettingsWhats the historical setting of the story?Whats the environmental setting?How does the author describe the settings?W
33、hat are the relationships between settings and plots/characters?If the settings changed,how will the story change?LOTS HOTS Guiding Questions for Identifying the ConflictsOuter ConflictsInner ConflictsWhats the conflict between characters?Whats the conflict between character and nature?Whats the con
34、flict between character and society?Whats the conflict between human and technology?Whats the conflict between the character and his/her soul/moral?Do you have similar conflicts of the character?If you were the character,how would you solve the conflict?LOTS HOTS Guiding Questions for Identifying th
35、e ThemeThemeHow do you write a one-sentence description?Whos the subject of the story?How does the protagonist change?How does the plot present the primary insight of the story?How is the central message conveyed?LOTS HOTS Guiding Questions for SummarizationWhats the main message of the story,includ
36、ing setting(time and location)?Who are the main characters?And what are their conflicts?How does the sequence of events unfold?Whats the theme of the story?Do you think the theme striking or influencing?How would you like to compose a story using the same theme?LOTS HOTS Guiding Questions for Thin t
37、o Thick DescriptionL O T S H O T SThin DescriptionThick Description Who are the main characters?Could you tell me the features of each characters,such as their appearance,their temper or their ways of speaking?Where/when does the story happen?How does the story end?Could you talk more about the loca
38、tion of the story,such as the climate or landscape?Could you give me more information about the time sequence of the story?And could you summarize the relationship of the successive events?How do you like the end of the story?If you were the writer,how would you like to end the story?Main characters
39、Setting Supporting charactersSolutionTitle and authorProblemStory MapLOTSHOTSHOTSLOTSPlot Diagram of a Fiction Time,Location,character,conflictBeginning of the story Event 1+conflict Event 2+conflictEvent N+conflict The climax is the turning point of the story;the moment when the ultimate suspense r
40、eaches its peak,from which the story will go down.Tensions remain unsolved.ClimaxExpositionMore tensionsEnd of the story.The resolution tells us what happens to the characters after the conflict is resolved.ResolutionRising ActionFalling ActionLOTSHOTSSummary 1 2 3欢迎关注学术微信公众号：【郑新民谈英语教学与研究】Simons Learning and Research Community(SLRC)
