1、名词性从句句式精析句式精析篇篇内 容 索 引 高频考点突破高频考点突破 分层综合演练分层综合演练高考考什么高考考什么名词性从句是高考中的重要部分，尽管语法填空题涉及不是很多，但是其重要性不可忽名词性从句是高考中的重要部分，尽管语法填空题涉及不是很多，但是其重要性不可忽视。视。(1)三种形式：引导词三种形式：引导词thatif/whetherwhat/how.(2)四种功能：宾语从句四种功能：宾语从句/表语从句表语从句/主语从句主语从句/同位语从句同位语从句(3)that引导宾语从句可以省略，引导其他三种从句不可省略；引导宾语从句可以省略，引导其他三种从句不可省略；if只能引导宾语从句，不只能引
2、导宾语从句，不能引导后三种从句。连接代词能引导后三种从句。连接代词what/.和连接副词和连接副词when/.都可引导。都可引导。(4)that与与what引导名词性从句的区别引导名词性从句的区别语法脉图名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句由不同的引导词引导，从句一般保持陈述语序。名词性从句由不同的引导词引导，从句一般保持陈述语序。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为引导名词性从句的连接词可分为3类类高频考点突破引导词考点11.that没有汉语意义，在从句中不做任何成分，也无词义，没有汉语意义，在从句中不做任何成分，
3、也无词义，that引导宾语从句引导宾语从句可以省略，引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句不可省略。可以省略，引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句不可省略。2.if/whether意为意为“是否是否”，if只能引导宾语从句；只能引导宾语从句；whether可以引导四种从句。可以引导四种从句。3.连接代词连接代词(who/whom/whose/which/what/whoever等等)和连接副词和连接副词(when/where/how/why/whenever/wherever/however等等)在句中既起连接作用，在句中既起连接作用，又在从句中做成分，且各有各的词义。可以引导四种从句。又在从句中做
4、成分，且各有各的词义。可以引导四种从句。He thought that the war was terrible.(宾语从句宾语从句)他认为战争是可怕的。他认为战争是可怕的。The question is whether he will arrive on time.(表语从句表语从句)问题在于他是否会按时到达。问题在于他是否会按时到达。Its a pity that we cant go.(主语从句主语从句)很遗憾我们不能去。很遗憾我们不能去。The question who should do this job requires consideration.(同位语从句同位语从句)谁应当做
5、这件工作，这个问题需要考虑。谁应当做这件工作，这个问题需要考虑。_ he will come to the conference has excited every one of us.We all find it important _we(should)make a quick decision about this matter.It does not matter _ you are rich，poor，old or youngeveryone can throw coloured paint powder at each other.(2021山东省枣庄市高三二调山东省枣庄市高三二调
6、)即时训练1单句语法填空Thatthatwhether/ifThis time I was alone wandering across the Waibaidu Bridge，and a group of teenage girls asked me _ I could pose with them for a photo.(2021河南省平顶山市四模河南省平顶山市四模)No one knows how much time we have.Thats _ we must live in the moment.(2021湖南省雅礼中学高三湖南省雅礼中学高三5月质量检测月质量检测)if/whet
7、herwhy1.that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句(1)动词后跟有多个动词后跟有多个that宾语从句时，只有第一个宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略，从第二个开可以省略，从第二个开始始that不可省略。不可省略。He told me(that)he had to leave and that he would be back soon.他他告诉我他不得不离开并且很快就会回来。告诉我他不得不离开并且很快就会回来。宾语从句考点2(2)it作形式宾语的宾语从句。作形式宾语的宾语从句。这类动词有这类动词有find，think，consider，believe，guess，suppose，make
8、等。等。He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。hate，like，dislike，appreciate，enjoy等表示等表示“喜欢喜欢”、“厌恶厌恶”的动词以及的动词以及一些动词短语一些动词短语see to，depend on，rely on等后面常用等后面常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。从句后置。I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent
9、.你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。2.if/whether引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句动词动词之后之后if/whether都可以引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句要用都可以引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句要用whether。It depends on whether we have enough time.这这取决于我们是否有充足的时间取决于我们是否有充足的时间。3.连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句连接连接代词和连接副词引导宾语从句时既充当句子成分又有具体词义，且不可代词和连接副词引导宾语从句时既充当句子成分又有具体词义，且不可省略。省
10、略。I dont want to know who/whom you are talking about.我我不想知道你们在谈论谁。不想知道你们在谈论谁。I want to know where well go.我我想知道我们去哪儿。想知道我们去哪儿。4.含虚拟语气的宾语从句含虚拟语气的宾语从句一一个个“坚持坚持(insist)”，两个，两个“命令命令(order/command)”，三个，三个“建议建议(suggest/propose/advise)”，四个，四个“要求要求(demand/require/request/ask)”等词等词后，宾语从句用虚拟语气，其谓语动词应为后，宾语从句用虚
11、拟语气，其谓语动词应为“should动词原形动词原形”，should也也可省略。可省略。The commander ordered that troops(should)set off at once.司令员司令员命令部队马上出发。命令部队马上出发。She suggested that I(should)go to see the doctor first.她她要求我应当先去看医生。要求我应当先去看医生。5.宾语从句的否定转移宾语从句的否定转移主句主句的主语是第一人称，在的主语是第一人称，在 think，believe，suppose，expect，imagine 等等动词之后的宾语从句中，如
12、果从句谓语是否定含义，往往需要把否定词由从动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，往往需要把否定词由从句移到主句上，这叫否定转移。句移到主句上，这叫否定转移。I dont think you are fit for the job.我我认为你不适合这项工作。认为你不适合这项工作。I dont believe theyve finished their work yet.我我相信他们未完工。相信他们未完工。Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on _ could be hunted or gathered from the w
13、ild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.(2020浙江卷语法填空浙江卷语法填空)What students do at college seems to matter much more than _ they go.(2019北京卷语法填空北京卷语法填空)Im not sure _ is more frightened，me or the female gorilla(大大猩猩猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere.(2018全国全国卷语法填空卷语法填空)即时训练2
14、单句语法填空/补全句子whatwherewhichThe scientists can set the fibers arrangement and spacing，which determines _ the man-made meat ends up more like a burger or a steak.(2021河南省安阳市高三二模河南省安阳市高三二模)_ his decision is wise in reality.实际上，我觉得他的决定并不明智。实际上，我觉得他的决定并不明智。She demanded _.她要求我们应当立即出发。她要求我们应当立即出发。whetherI do
15、nt thinkthat we(should)set off at once1.从属连词从属连词that无词义，在从句中不可省略无词义，在从句中不可省略The trouble is that I have lost his address.麻烦麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。是我把他的地址丢了。2.从属连词从属连词whetherThe question remains whether they will be able to help us.问题问题还是他们能否帮我们还是他们能否帮我们。表语从句考点33.连接代词连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whateve
16、r，whichever 和连接副词和连接副词 where，when，how，whyThe question is how he did it.问题问题是他是如何做此事的。是他是如何做此事的。That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。4.as if(though)as if/though引导的表语从句通常置于系动词引导的表语从句通常置于系动词look，seem，sound，be等后面；等后面；表语从句既可以采用虚拟表语从句既可以采用虚拟语气语气，也可采用直陈语气。，也可采用直
17、陈语气。It sounded as if somebody was knocking at/on the door.听起来听起来好像有人在敲门。好像有人在敲门。She treats him as if he were a stranger.她她待他如陌生人。待他如陌生人。5.because，why引导的表语从句。引导的表语从句。Thats because he didnt understand me.那那是因为他没有理解我。是因为他没有理解我。(Thats because.强调原因强调原因)Thats why he got angry with me.那那正是他对我生气的原因。正是他对我生气的
18、原因。(Thats why.强调结果强调结果)【名师指津】【名师指津】1.句子的主语为句子的主语为the reason时，表语从句采用时，表语从句采用that引导，表示原因，此时不用引导，表示原因，此时不用because。The reason why she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat.她她生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。2.由由why引导的从句作主语时，表语从句采用引导的从句作主语时，表语从句采用that引导。引导。Why we decided to put off the match was that the we
19、ather was too terrible.我们我们决定推迟比赛的原因是天气太糟糕了。决定推迟比赛的原因是天气太糟糕了。China is no longer _ she used to be.The reason why she was absent was _she was ill then.即时训练3单句语法填空whatthat1.that引导主语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，也没有词汇意义，但一般不引导主语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，也没有词汇意义，但一般不可省略。可省略。That the earth goes around the sun is known to us all.众所
20、周知，地球围着太阳转。众所周知，地球围着太阳转。主语从句考点42.that引导主语从句时可用引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语，作形式主语，that不可省略。常见句式主要有以下不可省略。常见句式主要有以下几种：几种：(1)Itbe形容词形容词(necessary，right，likely，unlikely，wrong，important，certain，clear，obvious，strange，normal等等)that从句从句It isnt likely that I should accept such an offer as that.我我不可能接受像那样的帮助。不可能接受像那样的帮助。
21、(2)Itbe名词名词(短语短语)(a pity，a shame，good news，a fact，an honour，a wonder，no wonder等等)that从句从句Its no wonder that he didnt want to go.难怪难怪他不想去。他不想去。(3)Itbe过去分词过去分词(said，told，heard，reported，decided，suggested，advised，ordered，remembered，thought，considered，wellknown，announced等等)that从句从句It is decided that the
22、meeting has been put off until next Monday.会议被推迟到下周一已经定下来了。会议被推迟到下周一已经定下来了。【名师指津】【名师指津】“Itbesuggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required.that从句从句”结构中，从句谓语应用结构中，从句谓语应用“(should)动词原形动词原形”。To master Mandarin，it is suggested that you(should)practice with Chinese people.(四川卷书面表达四川卷书面表达)为了掌握普通话，建议
23、你和中国人一起练习。为了掌握普通话，建议你和中国人一起练习。(4)It特殊动词或短语特殊动词或短语(seem，appear，happen，matter，turn out，occur to，make no difference等等)that从句从句It suddenly occurred to her that Joe was afraid of being alone.她突然想到乔害怕独自一个人待着。她突然想到乔害怕独自一个人待着。3.whether/if引导的主语从句引导的主语从句主语主语从句表示从句表示“是否是否”，只能用，只能用whether。若用。若用it作形式主语，则作形式主语，则w
24、hether与与if可互换。可互换。Its uncertain whether/if hell come this evening.他他今天晚上是否会来还不确定今天晚上是否会来还不确定。4.wh-类类连接词引导的主语从句连接词引导的主语从句wh-类类连接词包括连接代词连接词包括连接代词(who，whom，whose，what，whoever，whomever，whatever等等)和连接副词和连接副词(when，where，why，how，whenever，wherever，however等等)。What Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty
25、and happiness.芭芭芭拉芭拉琼斯展现给她的粉丝们的是诚实和快乐。琼斯展现给她的粉丝们的是诚实和快乐。【易混辨析】【易混辨析】that与与what引导名词性从句的区别引导名词性从句的区别what在名词性从句中可作主语、宾语或表语；而在名词性从句中可作主语、宾语或表语；而that在从句中不作任何成分。在从句中不作任何成分。典例典例1That you have gained is the result of your hard work.分析分析：is前为主语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语。故前为主语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语。故ThatWhat。典例典例2It suddenly occur
26、red to him what he had left his keys in the office.分析分析：It为形式主语，为形式主语，him之后的从句为主语从句，引导词之后的从句为主语从句，引导词that在从句中不作在从句中不作任何成分也无任何意义。故把任何成分也无任何意义。故把whatthat。It doesnt matter _she will come or not.But its possible _ without journalists this incident would never have been exposed.(2021山东省新高考质量测评联盟高三山东省新高考质
27、量测评联盟高三5月联考月联考)即时训练4单句语法填空whetherthat当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。Word came that the missing man had been found.有消息传来，那个走失的人已经找到了。有消息传来，那个走失的人已经找到了。【易混辨析】【易混辨析】同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句考点5 同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句功能不同功能不同 对名词加以补充说明对名词加以补充说明与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，起连接
28、作用起连接作用 同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句that不作成分；起连接作用，不不作成分；起连接作用，不可省略可省略作主语或宾语，起连接作用；并作主语或宾语，起连接作用；并且作从句的宾语时可省略且作从句的宾语时可省略whether/how不作成分；起连接作用，意不作成分；起连接作用，意为为“是否是否”；“如何如何”不引导定语从句不引导定语从句wh-words作成分；起连接作用；有自作成分；起连接作用；有自己的含义，但与先行词之间己的含义，但与先行词之间无关无关作成分；起连接作用；没有自己作成分；起连接作用；没有自己的含义，但是代替先行词在从句的含义，但是代替先行词在从句中作成分中作成分Th
29、e news that Mr.Li will be our new English teacher is true.李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。(同位语从句，同位语从句，that不可省略不可省略)The news(that)he told me yesterday is true.他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。(定语从句，定语从句，that在从句中作宾语，可省略在从句中作宾语，可省略)The story goes _William Tell killed the king with an arrow.After re
30、ceiving a message from Rylee Anderson，12，_ she was struggling with a math problem，Waba grabbed a whiteboard and hurried to her front door.(2021山东省潍坊高三二模山东省潍坊高三二模)While they are rare north of 88，there is evidence _ they range all the way across the Arctic，and as far south as James Bay in Canada.(2019
31、全国卷全国卷语法填空语法填空)即时训练5单句语法填空thatthatthat.单句语法填空单句语法填空1.All of us truly believe _ beauty comes from within.2.The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust.3.The reason why he was late was _ his car broke down on the half-way.分层综合演练thatthatthat4.I made a promise to
32、myself _ this year，my first year in high school，would be different.5.It is certain _ being under quarantine is no fun.(2021河北省石家庄市高三模拟考试河北省石家庄市高三模拟考试)6.You have to know _ youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.7.I didnt understand _ this would happen and my credit card had alre
33、ady been charged for the reservation.thatthatwherewhy8._ the flight to New York will be delayed is what Im especially worried about.9.Once every three or four years，the area is hit by a serious drought.Mr.Tabichi has worked to teach the local people _ to grow plants that can survive even when there
34、isnt much rain.(2021河南省六市高考第一次模拟河南省六市高考第一次模拟)10.In the novel，this is _ Jia Baoyu and his female cousins lived.(2021福建省龙岩市高三毕业班教学质量检测福建省龙岩市高三毕业班教学质量检测)Whetherhowwhere.语法填空语法填空Rainbow-coloured rubbishThis is the colourful waste 1._(create)by a Swedish city with a unique recycling system.Like many citi
35、es in Sweden，Eskilstuna has an impressive recycling record.It met the EUs 2020 target of recycling 50%of waste many years ago.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了瑞典独特的垃圾回收系统。【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了瑞典独特的垃圾回收系统。1.created考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知create在句中作非谓语动词，在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语与逻辑主语waste构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填
36、created。But almost everyone who lives here follows a strict recycling policy at home.People 2._(expect)to sort their household waste into seven separate 3._(category)，including food，textiles，cartons and metal.2.are expected考查动词时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，考查动词时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且时态为一般现在时，主语为集合名词且时态为一般现在
37、时，主语为集合名词people，故谓语动词用，故谓语动词用are。故填。故填are expected。3.categories考查名词的数。考查名词的数。category为可数名词，由上文为可数名词，由上文seven可知，应用可知，应用复数形式。故填复数形式。故填categories。But 4._ really makes the system stand out is the bright colour code.The bags arrive all mixed up 5._ theyre collected frequently.4.what考查名词性从句。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少主
38、语，指代事物，考查名词性从句。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代事物，应用应用what引导。故填引导。故填what。5.because考查连词。这些袋子都混在一起了，因为它们经常被收集。故考查连词。这些袋子都混在一起了，因为它们经常被收集。故填填because。But thanks to those bright colours，scanners can select the bags and separate them according to 6._ they can be reused or not.The food waste in green bags is processed o
39、n site into pieces to make biogas，7._ powers the citys buses.6.whether考查名词性从句。考查名词性从句。whether.or not 是否是否还是还是。7.which考查定语从句。句意：绿色袋子里的食物垃圾在现场被加工成一块考查定语从句。句意：绿色袋子里的食物垃圾在现场被加工成一块块的沼气，为城市公交车提供动力。此处为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句块的沼气，为城市公交车提供动力。此处为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词子，且从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which。故填。故填which。One of
40、 the benefits of this method of recycling is 8._ there is less cross-contamination(交叉污染交叉污染)，so more of the recycled waste can actually be used to make new things.8.that考查名词性从句。句意：这种回收方法的好处之一是减少了交叉污考查名词性从句。句意：这种回收方法的好处之一是减少了交叉污染，所以更多的回收废物实际上可以用来制造新东西。染，所以更多的回收废物实际上可以用来制造新东西。that引导表语从句。引导表语从句。As coun
41、tries around the world try to improve their recycling rates，some may look to Eskilstuna as 9._ example to followas long as they think they can persuade their citizens to get busy 10._(sort)at home.9.an考查冠词。考查冠词。example为可数名词，表泛指应用不定冠词，且为可数名词，表泛指应用不定冠词，且example为为元音音素开头的单词，故填元音音素开头的单词，故填an。10.sorting考查
42、非谓语动词。根据短语考查非谓语动词。根据短语get busy doing sth表示表示“开始忙于做某开始忙于做某事事”。故填。故填sorting。.写作运用写作运用 根据汉语提示补全短文，并注意本部分语法的使用根据汉语提示补全短文，并注意本部分语法的使用There are many people now playing with their cell phones 1._(无论他们在哪儿无论他们在哪儿).And I know 2._(你也不例外你也不例外).Im writing to persuade you to get out of this habit.3._(毫无疑问，手机在我们的日
43、常生活中起着重要的作用毫无疑问，手机在我们的日常生活中起着重要的作用).no matter where/wherever they arethat you are not an exceptionThere is no doubt that cell phones play an important part in our daily lifeHowever，being addicted to cell phones does a lot of harm to the users.First，staring at a cell phone screen for hours can lead t
44、o dry eyes or other eye diseases.Second，with your attention fully focused on the cell phone，perhaps，you will find it hard 4._(你注意到你周围你注意到你周围的交通的交通)，which will be a great danger to you.Therefore，I sincerely wish 5._(你你可以正确地使用你的手机可以正确地使用你的手机).Yours，Li Huathat you notice the traffic around youyou can use your cell phone properlyCHUANGXINSHEJI Thanks!
