1、 状语从句和并列句状语从句和并列句 考考 纲纲 解解 读读1状语从句的引导词与介词的用法比较；状语状语从句的引导词与介词的用法比较；状语 从句与定语从句引导词的辨析。从句与定语从句引导词的辨析。2能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连接词的用法能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连接词的用法 差异。差异。3whatever，whenever，wherever等引导词与等引导词与 no matter wh等引导词的不同用法。等引导词的不同用法。考考 情情 解解 读读 考点考点 题量题量年份年份状语从句状语从句时时间间状状语语条条件件状状语语让让步步状状语语原原因因状状语语地地点点状状语语目的目的/结果结果状语状语并
2、并列列句句2008555212120096630001201056212012011508002320123460314 趋趋 势势 解解 读读1状语从句为必考点之一，试题结构日趋复杂化，设状语从句为必考点之一，试题结构日趋复杂化，设问呈现交叉和综合的特点，四个选项中尽可能呈现问呈现交叉和综合的特点，四个选项中尽可能呈现出不同性质的连词出不同性质的连词as，while，unless出现率高，干出现率高，干扰项还从定语从句或名词性从句的角度进行干扰。扰项还从定语从句或名词性从句的角度进行干扰。2对于让步状语从句考查仍是重头戏，对于让步状语从句考查仍是重头戏，2012年共考查年共考查6题，并列句考
3、查逐年上升。题，并列句考查逐年上升。易易错错 警警示示_time going on,its getting warmer and warmer.AWhen BAs CWith DWhile易误选易误选B表示表示“随着随着”或或“一边一边一边一边”，常用，常用as连接连接词，后跟时间状语从句，但此处为词，后跟时间状语从句，但此处为going on，为非谓语结，为非谓语结构，学生不懂结构变化，易误选构，学生不懂结构变化，易误选B，答案为，答案为C。_I heard the voice,I know father was coming.AAt the moment BAt the moment th
4、atCThe moment that DThe moment易误选易误选A学生不知句子结构，极易根据所谓的学生不知句子结构，极易根据所谓的“语感语感”而误选而误选A，此处此处the moment转化为一个连接词，后跟时间状语从句，转化为一个连接词，后跟时间状语从句，正确答案为正确答案为D。翻译：他们还未到火车站，火车就开走了。翻译：他们还未到火车站，火车就开走了。Before they didnt reach the station,the train had gone.学生易受汉语思维影响而译成左面的句子，其实学生易受汉语思维影响而译成左面的句子，其实before状状语从句谓语不用否定式。语
5、从句谓语不用否定式。正确译句：正确译句：Before they reached the station,the train had gone.It is 3 years since I smoked a cigar.翻译：我吸烟有翻译：我吸烟有3年了。年了。学生会根据习惯作类似左面的翻译，其实学生会根据习惯作类似左面的翻译，其实since从句谓语从句谓语若为延续性动词，应译为若为延续性动词，应译为“自从不自从不”正确译句：我不吸烟有正确译句：我不吸烟有3年了。年了。Before _away by the police,he said bye to his family.Ataken Bbein
6、g takenCto be taken Dtaking易误选易误选A学生极易根据状语从句省略条件而误选学生极易根据状语从句省略条件而误选A。特殊用法谨记！答案为特殊用法谨记！答案为B。作连词后跟完整时间状语从句作连词后跟完整时间状语从句作介词后跟名词、代词、动名词作介词后跟名词、代词、动名词before/after/sinceEvery visitor is welcome,so just come if you _Ashall Bwill Ccan Dmust易误选易误选D学生根据平时强化的思维，即学生根据平时强化的思维，即if条件状语从句中不能出现条件状语从句中不能出现will助动词，首先
7、排除助动词，首先排除B，而此时，而此时will为情态动词，表示为情态动词，表示“愿意愿意”正确答案正确答案B。_much work you have to do,you need a good sleep.AHowever BAlthough CAs DDespite易误选易误选B、D学生弄不清句子结构，而根据逻辑易误选学生弄不清句子结构，而根据逻辑易误选D，although后后必然用陈述语序，必然用陈述语序，as从句有特定从句的倒装结构。答案为从句有特定从句的倒装结构。答案为A。考考点点 精精析析 基基 础础 盘盘 点点 热热 门门 考考 点点1when/while/as2before/ti
8、ll/until/since3hardly.when./no sooner.than.4once5if/unless/as long as/in case6where/wherever7even though/if8as让步状语从句让步状语从句9目的状语从句和结果状语从句目的状语从句和结果状语从句10状语从句的省略状语从句的省略11whever让步状语从句让步状语从句 关关 注注 节节 点点(2012湖南卷湖南卷)_I always felt I would pass the exam,I never thought I would get an A.AWhile BOnce CIf DUnt
9、il答案答案Awhile此时表示转折。此时表示转折。(2011浙江卷浙江卷)One Friday,we were packing to leave for a weekend away _my daughter heard cries for help.Aafter Bwhile Csince Dwhen答案答案Dwhen译为译为“就在那时就在那时”，相当于，相当于and at that time。热点热点31_youre there,can you get me some stamps?AFor BWhile CAs DBecause答案答案Bwhile译为译为“当当时候时候”，as不能引导
10、疑问句，不能引导疑问句，because引导的是原因状语从句，引导的是原因状语从句，if表示的是虚拟语气。表示的是虚拟语气。Awhen Bwhile Cas Dtill答案答案C句意：他匆匆回家，边走边往后看。句意：他匆匆回家，边走边往后看。as译为译为“一一边边一边一边”，表示两个变化中的动作的同时性。，表示两个变化中的动作的同时性。Im going to the post office.He hurried home,looking behind _he went.Awhile Bwhen Cbefore Duntil答案答案Bwhen在此处作并列连词，相当于在此处作并列连词，相当于and
11、at that time。Abecause Bsince Cas Dwhen答案答案D考查考查when作并列连词，相当于作并列连词，相当于but at that time。He was half through the meal _a familiar voice came to his ears.I walked home that day _ I could have taken a taxi.(1)When the film ended,the people went back.(2)When I was young,I used to visit her.when可作为并列连词可作为并
12、列连词(1)相当于相当于and at that timeI was about to leave when he came.(2)相当于相当于but at that timeShe just showed me the direction when she should have led me there.while从句动作持续从句动作持续(从句常用进行时态从句常用进行时态)近些年多考主、从句动作的对比近些年多考主、从句动作的对比Its unfairIm working while the others are sleeping.as还可表示还可表示“随着随着”，“一边一边一边一边”。As t
13、ime goes on,its getting warmer(With)time going on,its getting warmer.(2010福建卷福建卷)The girl had hardly rung the bell _the door was opened suddenly,and her friend rushed out to greet her.Abefore Buntil Cas Dsince答案答案A此处可译为此处可译为“还未还未就就”。(2010陕西卷陕西卷)John thinks it wont be long _he is ready for his new jo
14、b.Awhen Bafter Cbefore Dsince答案答案C此处可译为此处可译为“不到不到就就”。热点热点32Aas Bbefore Csince Dwhen答案答案C此处译为此处译为“自从自从”。Awhether Bafter Cthough DuntilShe has been working in this factory _she left school.(2011上海卷上海卷)If a lot of people say a film is not good,I wont bother to see it,or Ill wait _it comes out on DVD.答案
15、答案D如果很多人都说一部电影不好，我不会去如果很多人都说一部电影不好，我不会去(电电影院影院)看，或者我会等到它的看，或者我会等到它的DVD发行。考查状语从句。发行。考查状语从句。由句意可知由句意可知D为正确答案。为正确答案。Asince Buntil Ctill Dafter答案答案B考查考查not.until.，固定用法。，固定用法。Dont move _the bus stops.1till：主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词，主、从句皆为肯：主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词，主、从句皆为肯定句。定句。He remained there until/till she arrived.2until：
16、主句谓语动词必须为短暂动词，从句为肯定句。：主句谓语动词必须为短暂动词，从句为肯定句。He wont leave until I return.not.until.3before It will be段时间段时间before.“还要过多久才还要过多久才”It will be a long time before I return.4since 主句主句(一般现在时或现在完成时一般现在时或现在完成时)since从句从句(一般过一般过去时去时)主句主句(一般过去时一般过去时)since从句从句(过去完成时过去完成时)It be段时间段时间since从句从句Its 3 years since I l
17、eft school.(从句动作短暂，译为从句动作短暂，译为“自从自从”)Its 3 years since I lived here.(从句动作持续，译为从句动作持续，译为“自从不自从不”)(2012全国全国卷卷)I had hardly got to the office _my wife phoned me to go back home at once.Awhen Bthan Cuntil Dafter答案答案Ahardly.when.习惯搭配。习惯搭配。(2011辽宁卷辽宁卷)He had no sooner finished his speech _the students sta
18、rted cheering.Asince Bas Cwhen Dthan答案答案Dno sooner.than.习惯搭配。习惯搭配。热点热点33(2010安徽卷安徽卷)Just use this room for the time being,and well offer you a larger one _it becomes available.Aas soon as Bunless Cas far as Duntil答案答案A译为译为“一一就就”。hardly.when.no sooner.than.为常见高频考查句型，一般设置为常见高频考查句型，一般设置hardly或或no soone
19、r提前，考查倒装语序，偶尔顺便考查时态。提前，考查倒装语序，偶尔顺便考查时态。一一就就as soon as,immediately,directly,instantly,the moment,the minute,the instant,no sooner.than.，hardly/scarcely.when.(2011北京卷北京卷)_they decide which college to go to,students should research the admission procedures.AAs BWhile CUntil DOnce答案答案Donce，“一旦一旦”引导时间状语从
20、句。引导时间状语从句。热点热点34_environmental damage is done,it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.AEven if BIf only CWhile DOnce答案答案Donce引导时间状语从句，相当于引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon asif。once引导时间状语从句，其逻辑相当于引导时间状语从句，其逻辑相当于as soon asif，有，有条件的含义，但偏于时间。条件的含义，但偏于时间。(2012江西卷江西卷)You can borrow my car _you promise not to
21、drive too fast.Aunless Beven if Cin case Das long as答案答案D考查条件状语从句，考查条件状语从句，unless相当于相当于if not。热点热点35Aif Bunless Cbecause Dsince答案答案B句意：希腊政府很难克服目前的金融危机，除句意：希腊政府很难克服目前的金融危机，除非从欧盟获取更多的经济支持。本题考查条件状语从句。非从欧盟获取更多的经济支持。本题考查条件状语从句。if如果；如果；unless除非；除非；because因为；因为；since自从。自从。(2012福建卷福建卷)It is hard for the Gre
22、ek government to get over the present difficulties _it gets more financial support from the European Union.Aas long as Beven though Cin case Das if答案答案C把钥匙留给邻居以防有一天你把自己锁在外面。把钥匙留给邻居以防有一天你把自己锁在外面。考查目的状语从句。根据句意选考查目的状语从句。根据句意选C项，项，in case(that)以防。以防。as long as只要；只要；even though即使；即使；as if仿佛，好像。仿佛，好像。Aonc
23、e Bif Cafter Dunless答案答案D句意：我旅行的预算很吃紧，所以不打算坐飞句意：我旅行的预算很吃紧，所以不打算坐飞机，除非航空公司降低票价。考查状语从句。机，除非航空公司降低票价。考查状语从句。unless相当于相当于if.not，符合前后句的逻辑。，符合前后句的逻辑。(2012辽宁卷辽宁卷)Leave your key with your neighbor _ you lock yourself out one day.(2012上海卷上海卷)I have a tight budget for the trip,so Im not going to fly _the airl
24、ines lower ticket prices.1as long as只要只要，充分条件，充分条件 unless除非除非，必要条件，必要条件2unless一般相当于一般相当于if.not.但如果未出现但如果未出现A就出现就出现B时只用时只用if I should be shocked if he doesnt cause an accident.(if.notunless)(在中学阶段在中学阶段)unless一般不用于虚拟语气一般不用于虚拟语气(2012山东卷山东卷)A number of high buildings have arisen _there was nothing a yea
25、r ago but ruins.Awhen Bwhere Cbefore Duntil答案答案B考查地点状语从句。考查地点状语从句。whereat the place where。热点热点36Awhy Bwhere Cwho Dwhat答案答案B句意：如果你碰巧在野外迷路的话，你最好在句意：如果你碰巧在野外迷路的话，你最好在原地等待救援。本题考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，原地等待救援。本题考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，stay在句子中为不及物动词，空格处引导地点状语从句，在句子中为不及物动词，空格处引导地点状语从句，故答案选故答案选B。其余选项均不引导地点状语从句，故可排。其余选项均不引导
26、地点状语从句，故可排除。除。(2012四川卷四川卷)If you happen to get lost in the wild,youd better stay _you are and wait for help.Awhen Bas Cwhere Dbecause答案答案C考查状语从句。考查状语从句。whereat the place where others are weak。John has his own advantage for he is strong _ others are weak.You can stay where/wherever you want to.介词介词wh
27、ere名词性从句名词性从句(宾语从句宾语从句)介词先行词介词先行词where定语从句定语从句The doctor advised me to live where air is fresher.(地点状地点状语从句语从句)in where air is fresher.(宾语从句宾语从句)in the place where air is fresher.(定语从句定语从句)2where引导状语从句引导状语从句(2012北京卷北京卷)Look at those clouds!Dont worry._it rains，well still have a great time.AEven if B
28、As though CIn case DIf only答案答案A考查让步状语从句，从下面考查让步状语从句，从下面still我们可以看出我们可以看出其逻辑其逻辑“即使即使依然依然”。热点热点37I shall carry out the plan _I should fail 100 times.Aalthough Bas Ceven if Deven though答案答案C考查让步状语从句，考查让步状语从句，even though译为译为“即即使使”。even加强语气，因脱胎于条件，所以加强语气，因脱胎于条件，所以even if既可真实亦可既可真实亦可虚拟。虚拟。even加强语气，因加强语气，
29、因though原来就表示让步，故原来就表示让步，故even though只能为真实情况。只能为真实情况。从句为真实情况，从句为真实情况，even though/even if可互换。可互换。2even though从句从句(真实真实)(2012陕西卷陕西卷)Hot _the night air was,we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.Aalthough Bas Cwhile Dhowever答案答案Bas引导让步状语从句。引导让步状语从句。热点热点38补全句子补全句子_，its true.虽然看起来
30、不可能，但却是真的。虽然看起来不可能，但却是真的。_，he knows to help others.他虽是个孩子，但知道帮助别人。他虽是个孩子，但知道帮助别人。_，we must acknowledge his greatness.虽然我们不喜欢他，但必须承认他的伟大。虽然我们不喜欢他，但必须承认他的伟大。_，they failed again.尽管努力了，但他们又失败了。尽管努力了，但他们又失败了。答案答案Impossible as it seemsChild as he isDislike him as we mayHard as they tried(1)表表as主语主语系动词系动词表
31、语为单数名词时，必须是零冠词表语为单数名词时，必须是零冠词(2)状状(常为副词常为副词)as主语主语谓语谓语(宾语宾语)(3)谓谓(常为动词原形常为动词原形)as主语主语情态动词或助动词情态动词或助动词情态动词或助动词常为情态动词或助动词常为may/might/would/did等等1as让步状语从句常见结构让步状语从句常见结构as可与可与though替换替换Despite the heavy rainAlthough/Though it rains heavily，we walk on.3despitein spite of介词后跟名词性结构介词后跟名词性结构(2008江西卷江西卷)My E
32、nglish teachers humor was _made every student burst into laughter.Aso as to Bsuch as toCsuch that Dso that答案答案Csuch.that句型，句型，such此处为代词。此处为代词。热点热点39ASuch BThis CThat DSo答案答案Asuch.that.句型。句型。ASo much involved in the program he gotBSo much involved in the program did he getCSo much involved in the pro
33、gram he did getDSo much involved in the program he was答案答案Bso短语提前，引起主句倒装，故选短语提前，引起主句倒装，故选B。_is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous._that he wont switch off the TV set.见定语从句热点讲解见定语从句热点讲解2such.that.such作代词时特别注意作代词时特别注意3so/such.that.句型中，句型中，so/such短语提前，引起主句倒短语提前，引起主句倒 装装 so/such短语
34、提前短语提前(1)主句主系表结构主句主系表结构主句全部倒装主句全部倒装系动词仅限于系动词仅限于be，其它系动词，主句部分倒装，其它系动词，主句部分倒装So clever is he that he can remember whatever hes been informed of.(2)主句主谓主句主谓(宾宾)结构结构主句部分倒装主句部分倒装So hard did he work that he got a rise.(2012陕西卷陕西卷)All the photographs in this book,_stated otherwise,date from the 1950s.Aunle
35、ss Buntil Conce Dif答案答案A考查状语从句省略，意为：除非特别说明，照考查状语从句省略，意为：除非特别说明，照片皆可追溯到片皆可追溯到20世纪世纪50年代了。年代了。热点热点310Aonce Bwhen Cif Dunless答案答案D考查连词。句意：考查连词。句意：“学校规章规定：除非有成学校规章规定：除非有成年人陪同，否则孩子们在校期间不能出学校。年人陪同，否则孩子们在校期间不能出学校。”Aonce Bwhen Cif Dafter答案答案A考查状语从句的省略。句意：同他之间的友考查状语从句的省略。句意：同他之间的友谊，一旦建立，将永远持续。谊，一旦建立，将永远持续。(2
36、010山东卷山东卷)The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day,_ accompanied by an adult.The friendship with him,_founded,will last for ever.状语从句省略状语从句省略(1)同时满足上述三个条件方可省略同时满足上述三个条件方可省略(2)方式状语从句满足条件后有时省略方式状语从句满足条件后有时省略(3)before/after/since须引导完整时间状语从句须引导完整时间状语从句(详见本专题
37、命题陷阱详见本专题命题陷阱)(2008宁夏宁夏海南海南全国卷全国卷卷卷)The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit _the season.Awhatever Bwherever Cwhenever Dhowever答案答案A补全应为补全应为whatever the season may/might be。热点热点311Awhatever Bwherever Cwhenever Dhowever答案答案Awhatever引导让步状语从句，表示引导让步状语从句，表示“不管不管什么什么(怎样怎样)”，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。从，在
38、从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。从句的有些成分有时可以省略。句的有些成分有时可以省略。(浙江卷浙江卷)The tower must be saved,_the cost.AHowever a serious problem BWhat a serious problemCHowever serious a problem DWhat serious a problem答案答案C句意：不论你的问题有多严重，你都应该鼓起句意：不论你的问题有多严重，你都应该鼓起勇气，接受挑战。考查状语从句。分析题干可知逗号前是勇气，接受挑战。考查状语从句。分析题干可知逗号前是让步状语从句，让步状语从句，what不能
39、用来引导状语从句，所以排除不能用来引导状语从句，所以排除B、D两项；两项；howeveradj.a/an单数名词单数名词whatevera/anadj.单数名词。故单数名词。故C项正确。项正确。(2010上海卷上海卷)_you may have,you should gather your courage to face the challenge.AHowever BWhatever CWhichever DWhenever答案答案A句意：不管你多么努力，如果不减少食量，想句意：不管你多么努力，如果不减少食量，想要减肥会很难。考查让步状语从句。根据设空后的副词要减肥会很难。考查让步状语从句。
40、根据设空后的副词hard可知答案为可知答案为however,however hard相当于相当于no matter how hard。whatever无论什么，与名词连用；无论什么，与名词连用；whichever无论哪一个；无论哪一个；whenever无论什么时候。无论什么时候。(2012湖南卷湖南卷)_hard you try,it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.Awhichever Bwhenever Cwhoever Dwherever答案答案C句意：为了表示我们的尊敬，无论与谁握手
41、，句意：为了表示我们的尊敬，无论与谁握手，我们通常得摘下手套。我们通常得摘下手套。shake hands with sb与某人握手，与某人握手，本句中的本句中的with后缺少宾语，结合句意选后缺少宾语，结合句意选C项，项，whoever在在句中引导让步状语从句。句中引导让步状语从句。(2011重庆卷重庆卷)To show our respect,we usually have to take our gloves off _we are to shake hands with.(详见名词性从句专题热点讲析详见名词性从句专题热点讲析)(may/might be)有时省略，此类情况考查较少，对学生
42、来有时省略，此类情况考查较少，对学生来说比较难。说比较难。Everyone should and must observe principles,whoever he or she.no matter一般省略，一般省略，whether甚至有时也省略甚至有时也省略Those standing there,boys or girls,all come over.2whatever/whoever sb/sth3(no matter)whether.or.名名 师师 招招 招招 鲜鲜状语从句破解状语从句破解1首先应具备全面的状语从句知识，熟悉每个连接词的语义首先应具备全面的状语从句知识，熟悉每个连接
43、词的语义和语义特征，尤其像和语义特征，尤其像as，since这样的用法灵活的词；像这样的用法灵活的词；像before,until,unless等用法复杂的词；像等用法复杂的词；像as,when,while;as,since,because;if,even if,in case,as long as这些不易区分的这些不易区分的表达，一定要充分重视对它们的学习。表达，一定要充分重视对它们的学习。2解答并列句和状语从句类题目时一定要头脑清醒，思维清解答并列句和状语从句类题目时一定要头脑清醒，思维清晰。实际上，这类题是让你选出两个具有一定逻辑关系的晰。实际上，这类题是让你选出两个具有一定逻辑关系的分句之间的一个分句之间的一个“逻辑链逻辑链”。所以，能否准确把握分句间。所以，能否准确把握分句间的逻辑关系是做出正确选择的关键。的逻辑关系是做出正确选择的关键。3经验表明，收集一些结构复杂的长难句进行逻辑思维能力经验表明，收集一些结构复杂的长难句进行逻辑思维能力的专项训练是有益的、必要的。的专项训练是有益的、必要的。
