1、八年级上册 Modules 10121知识盘点 素养提升2考点梳理 拓展素养3语法突破 精讲精练知识盘点 素养提升重 点 单 词Module 101.cloud n云；云雾2.shower n阵雨3.skate v滑冰4.thick adj.厚的5.ice n冰6.joke v说笑话；开玩笑 n.笑话；玩笑7.might vaux.可能；也许8.temperature n温度9.degree n度；度数10.although conj.然而；尽管11.wet adj.下雨的；湿的12.neither adv.(某人或某事物)也不13.terrible adj.使人烦恼的；可怕的14.wish
2、v但愿；希望15.probably adv.或许；可能16.round adv.围绕地17.northwest n西北 adj.西北的；朝西北的18.southeast n东南adj.东南的；朝东南的Module 1119.chess n国际象棋20.chopstick n筷子21.toy n玩具22.gift n礼物23.surprise n惊奇；意外之事 v.使(某人)吃惊24.accept v收受；接受25.tradition n传统习俗26.example n例子；实例27.must vaux.必须；应该28.month n月；月份29.serious adj.认真严肃的；不开玩笑的3
3、0.taste v有的味道 n.味道；滋味31.experience n经历；经验32.stay n逗留；停留33.someone pron.某人；有人34.sandwich n三明治；夹心面包片35.shoulder n肩；肩膀Module 1236.glass n玻璃37.stairs n(pl.)楼梯38.aid n救助；帮助39.imagine v想象，设想40.bottom n底部；下端41.wrong adj.有毛病的；错误的 adv.不正确地；错误地42.trouble n问题；烦恼；困难43.lift v举起；抬起；提起 n.电梯44.harmful adj.有害的45.dro
4、p v使落下；投下46.cover v盖；盖上47.earthquake n地震48.warn v警告；告诫49.inside n内部；里面 adv.在里面；向室内 prep.在里面 adj.里面的；内部的50.under prep.在正下方；在下面51.window n窗；窗户52.keep v保持；留在53.clear adj.不和接触的；不挨太近的 v.清除；清理；移走54.calm adj.镇静的；沉着的55.brave adj.勇敢的；无畏的重 点 短 语1.quite a lot相当多e on快点3.take photos of.给拍照4.all year round全年5.fro
5、m time to time有时；间或6.a chess set一副国际象棋7.video game电子游戏8.for example例如9.for the first time首次；初次10.take away带走11.stand in a line站成一排12.get on the bus上公交车13.touch sb.on the shoulder拍某人的肩膀14.first aid急救15.at the bottom of.在的底部16.have trouble doing sth.做有困难17.lift up抬起；提起18.make sure确保；确认19.cover.with.用盖
6、上20.warn sb.about sth.提醒/警告某人注意某事21.stay away from远离22.keep clear of.不和接触23.keep calm保持镇静24.be careful of小心；注意25.in short总之，简言之词汇拓展1.cloud n_adj.多云的2.snow n_ adj.多雪的；下雪的3.rain n_ adj.多雨的；下雨的4.sun n_adj.晴朗的5.wind n_ adj.多风的；刮大风的6.storm n_ adj.有暴风雨的7.ice n_ adj.冰冷的；冰冻的8.although conj._(同义词)然而；尽管cloudy
7、snowyrainysunnywindystormyicythough9.wet adj._(比较级)更湿的 _(最高级)最湿的10.terrible adj._adv.非常；很11.wish v_(第三人称单数形式)但愿；希望12.probable adj._adv.或许；可能13.surprise n&v._adj.感到惊讶的 _ adj.令人惊讶的14.immediate adj._adv.立刻；当即15.different adj._ n差别；差异wetterwettestterriblywishesprobably surprisedsurprisingimmediatelydiff
8、erence16.tradition n_adj.传统的17.serious adj._ adv.认真地；严肃地；严重地18.experience n _ adj.经验丰富的；熟练的19.break v _ adj.破碎的20.medicine n _ adj.医学的；医疗的21.imagine v _ adj.想象；想象力22.harm n&v._ adj.有害的 _(反义词)无害的23.train v _ n训练；培训traditional seriouslyexperiencedbrokenmedicalimaginationharmfulharmlesstraining24.keep
9、v _(过去式/过去分词)保持；留在25.help n&v._ adj.有用的；提供帮助的 _(反义词)无助的26.power n _ adj.强大的；强有力的kept helpfulhelplesspowerful重 点 句 型1._the weather _ in America in winter？美国冬天的天气怎么样？2.Bring a map _ you _want to travel around.带一份地图，因为你可能想四处环游。3.The best time _ _ New England is in September.九月是去新英格兰游览的最佳时间。4.I _ think
10、I _ open it now.我认为我现在不应当打开它(礼物)。Whats likeBecause may to visit dont should5.And youd better _ your hair _ during the Spring Festival month.在春节那个月你最好不要理发。6.You _ break anything.你不准打破任何东西。7.You _say Mr or Mrs when you meet someone _ _ _ _.初次与人见面时，你必须称呼先生或女士。8.But he could have trouble _ you or _ to y
11、ou.但是他有可能难以听到你或者和你说话。9._ _ hes warm.确保他不受凉。not have cut mustn t must for the first time hearing speaking Make sure10.Thats _good advice _ you could be a doctor，Betty！这个建议非常好，贝蒂，你都可以当医生了！11._ _ _ windows and heavy furniture.远离窗户和沉重的家具。12._ _，especially when you are with other people.保持镇静，尤其是当身边还有其他人的
12、时候。13._ _ _ near street lights or under power lines.不要站在靠近街灯的地方或者电线下。such thatStay away fromKeep calm Do not stand语 法1.情态动词may/might表示“可能”2.情态动词must/mustnt，can/cant，need/neednt等的用法3.祈使句(表建议和命令)4.情态动词must，can，could表示推测话题Module 10 天气Module 11 社会行为/风俗Module 12 安全与急救考点梳理 拓展素养Is it snowy in England in De
13、cember？英格兰十二月下雪吗？Not usually，although this year it snowed quite a lot.尽管今年雪下得相当多，但是不经常下雪。(Module 10 P80)【辨析】although，though与but考点1单词词性含义用法although从属连词然而；不过；虽然；尽管；即使常用来引导让步状语从句，从句放在主句前后均可，although比though更正式，都不能与but连用，但可以与yet，still连用。though可构成短语：as though好像，仿佛；even though(even if)即使though副词然而；不过；可是常用于
14、句末补充说明，使语气减弱。but并列连词但是表示转折，连接两个分句时不能与although/though连用。Although/Though he was ill，he still worked hard.他虽然生病了，但仍努力工作。He will come on time even though it rains.即使下雨，他还是会准时来的。Our team lost.It was a good game though.我们队输了，可是这也不失为一场好球。Jim is a taxi driver，but he really wants to be a doctor.吉姆是一个出租车司机，但是
15、他真正想成为一名医生。学以致用1(2020南京改编)We still know little about the Moon _ men have landed on it.2_ she is 3 years old，she can dress herself.3(2020绥化改编)Mike and Jims room is tidy，_ their sisters is not.although/thoughAlthough/ThoughbutWhats the weather like in America in winter，Betty？贝蒂，美国冬天的天气怎么样？We have cold
16、 winters and hot summers.我们有寒冷的冬天和炎热的夏天。(Module 10 P80)【点拨】考点2注意：以上句型中be动词的形式根据不同的时态(现在、过去或将来)而变化。如：What will the weather be like tomorrow？明天天气怎么样？How was the weather yesterday？昨天天气怎么样？常用回答：回答形式例句Its表示天气情况的形容词(warm，hot，cool，cold，sunny，windy，cloudy，rainy，snowy等)Whats the weather like today？今天天气怎么样？It
17、s sunny.天气晴朗。Itsv.ing(raining，snowing等)Hows the weather in Jinhua？金华的天气怎么样？Its raining.在下雨。【图解助记】【拓展】weather用作名词，意为“天气”，是不可数名词，前面不能加不定冠词，且无复数形式。如：What fine weather it is today！今天的天气真好！学以致用1_ the weather like?Its cloudy.2_ was the weather the day before yesterday?_ was so hot.3(2020遂宁改编)_ hot weather
18、 it is！Why not have a cold drink?Sounds good！Lets go.WhatsHowItWhat But I dont like showers or windy weather.但是我不喜欢阵雨或刮风的天气。Me neither我也不(喜欢)。(Module 10 P80)【点拨】“Me neither.”为非正式的简略表达，完整形式为“Neither do I”。此处neither用作副词，意为“(某人或某事物)也不”。neither的具体用法如下：考点3词性用法例句副词常构成倒装句：Neither/Norbe动词/助动词/情态动词主语，意为“也不”。
19、表示前面所说的(否定)情况也适用于另一个人或事物。Peter doesnt like swimming.彼得不喜欢游泳。Neither/Nor does Tom.汤姆也不(喜欢)。不定代词意为“(两者)都不”，与of短语连用(neither of名词/代词复数)，也可单独使用。作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可。Neither of them has/have a car.他们两个都没有汽车。Which do you like？你喜欢哪一个？Neither.I think theyre both ugly.两个都不喜欢。我觉得两个都很难看。词性用法例句限定词意为“(两者)都不”，用在单数名
20、词前，与其所修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。Neither answer is correct.两个答案都不对。neither.nor.用作连词意为“既不也不”，连接两个并列成分表示否定；反义短语为both.and.，意为“两者都”。连接主语时，谓语动词一般遵循“就近原则”。Their house is neither big nor small.他们的房子不大也不小。Neither you nor I am right.你和我都不对。学以致用1(2020恩施改编)We can _ get together often nor go to the crowded places duri
21、ng the special period.2(2020丹东改编)What would you like，milk or coffee?_.Id like some orange juice.neitherNeitherWhat a surprise！太意外了！(Module 11 P88)【辨析】surprise，surprised与surprising考点4单词词性含义用法surprise名词惊奇；意外之事在感叹句中常与不定冠词a连用。to ones surprise令惊讶的是；出乎的意料in surprise惊讶/吃惊地get a surprise吃惊give sb.a surprise
22、给某人一个惊喜动词使(某人)吃惊surprise sb.使某人感到诧异/意外It surprises sb.that从句单词词性含义用法surprised形容词感到惊讶/吃惊的(形容人)一般作表语，也可作定语。be surprised at.对感到惊讶/吃惊be surprised to do sth.做某事感到惊讶/吃惊surprising令人惊讶/吃惊的(形容物)可作表语和定语。Its surprisingthat从句注：surprisingly为surprising的副词形式，在句中作状语。学以致用用surprise的适当形式填空。1She looked _ when I told he
23、r the news.2Its not _ that they lost.3He looked up in _.4The old woman looked _ well.5(2020宿迁改编)To our _，the twoyearold boy can find his way home alone.surprisedsurprisingsurprisesurprisinglysurprise6It _ me that youve never seen the film.7(2020大庆改编)Simon was _ to see spaceships from China.8The _ su
24、ccess makes us very happy.surprisessurprisedsurprisingThey taste great.它们尝起来太棒了。(Module 11 P88)【点拨】taste在句中作系动词，后接形容词作表语。与taste有类似用法的(感官)系动词还有look，sound，smell，feel等，它们通常都接形容词作表语。考点5【图解助记】1.(2020.丹东改编）Tom,please have some fish.Thanks.It tastes_(good/well）.I want more.2.(2020.常州）丝绸摸上去比棉感觉更舒服。_cotton.学
25、以致用goodSilk feels more comfortable thanlooktastesoundfeelsmell3(2020乐山改编)Your idea _ good.Lets give it a try and see if it will work.4(2020无锡改编)Hmm，something _ so good.Is it a cake？Can I try some?Handmade cookies.Still warm.Here you go!soundssmells5(2020襄阳改编)How does the banana milk shake _？Deliciou
26、s.Id like to have another glass.6(2020荆州改编)Some of my friends eat with their eyes.They prefer to order what _ nice.Aha，me too!7The water _ so cold.Please heat it.tastelooksfeelsFirst of all，find out whats wrong with him首先，查明他怎么了。(Module 12 P96)【点拨】whats wrong with him在本句中作find out的宾语，是一个宾语从句。Whats w
27、rong with.？意为“怎么了？”，常用来询问某人生了什么病，还可用Whats the matter with sb.？来表达。如：Whats the matter with her？她怎么了？She has a headache.她头痛。考点6【拓展】(1)Whats wrong with sth.？可用来询问某物出了什么毛病。如：Whats wrong with your watch？你的手表怎么了？It doesnt work.它不走了。(2)要询问“某人怎么了？”常用以下句型：(2020大连改编)_?I dont feel very well today.Ive got a pai
28、n here.学以致用Whats wrong/the matter with youBut he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you.但是他有可能难以听到你或者和你说话。(Module 12 P96)【点拨】have trouble(in)doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”。其中trouble为不可数名词，意为“问题；烦恼；困难”。此结构中常可省略介词in。考点7【归纳】trouble的其他常用短语：【拓展】与haven.(in)doing sth.类似的结构：1You can ask the teacher for hel
29、p when you have trouble _(learn)English.2Sally is my best friend.She is always there whenever Im _ trouble.学以致用learninginThats such good advice that you could be a doctor，Betty！这个建议非常好，贝蒂，你都可以当医生了。(Module 12 P96)【辨析】so that，so.that.与such.that.(考点讲解详见P52考点6)考点8Earthquakes always happen suddenly，so it
30、 is difficult to warn people about them.地震总是发生得很突然，所以很难给予人们预警。(Module 12 P98)【点拨】warn意为“警告；告诫”，其常见用法如下：考点9David said that the glass was broken and warned me _(not touch)it.学以致用not to touchKeep calm，especially when you are with other people.保持镇静，尤其是当身边还有其他人的时候。(Module 12 P98)【点拨】keep的常见用法如下：考点10词性含义用
31、法例句系动词保持某种状态keep形容词(作表语)He often exercises to keep healthy.他经常锻炼，以保持身体健康。词性含义用法例句实义动词使保持某种状态keep宾语宾语补足语(形容词/副词/介词短语/doing)Please keep the door open.请把门开着。Dont keep them working day and night.不要让他们不分白天黑夜地工作。继续，重复(做某事)keep(on)doing sth.Dont lose heart.Keep on working hard.不要灰心，继续努力。词性含义用法例句实义动词保护；使免受k
32、eep sb.from sth.His only thought was to keep the boy from harm.他一心想的就是不要让这个男孩受到伤害。保有；“借”常与一段时间连用。You can keep the book for two weeks.这本书你可以借两周。词性含义用法例句实义动词遵守(诺言、约定等)；保守(秘密等)keep ones wordkeep a secretHe is a man who always keeps his word.他是一个说话算数的人。【拓展】1Linda keeps _(do)sports so that she can keep _
33、(health)2(2020上海改编)The engineers will keep _(discuss)the project with the manager of the company.3Some teenagers dont tell others their secrets.They keep them _ themselves.学以致用doinghealthydiscussingto4The librarian told me that I could _(借)the magazine for a week.5(2020大连)Wed better keep _(收集)waste
34、newspapers for recycling.6You should keep the window _(开着)because its too hot in the room.keepcollectingopen语法突破 精讲精练情态动词考点1情态动词的用法情态动词用法含义例句can/could表示能力（=be able to）。能、会Tom can swim.汤姆会游泳。I could ride a bike when I was 6 years old.当我六岁时，我会骑自行车。（疑问句中）表示建议、请求。可以Can you give us a hand?你可以帮我们一下吗？表示许可（
35、相当于may）。可以You can watch TV on weekends.你可以在周末看电视。情态动词用法含义例句may/might表示客气请求might语气较委婉。否定回答多用mustnt或cant。可以可以May I go out and play football?我可以去外面踢足球吗？No,you mustnt.不，你不可以。表示许可。（may）可以You may go now.你现在可以走了。表示祝愿。（may）祝May you be happy!祝你快乐！情态动词用法含义例句must表示义务、命令或要求。否定形式mustnt表示“禁止；不准”。必须You must come e
36、arly tomorrow.你明天必须早点来。You mustnt take photos here.你不准在这里拍照。need常用于否定句和疑问句中，否定形式neednt表示“不必，无需”。需要He neednt worry about it.他不需要担心它。作实义动词，有人称和数的变化。需要You dont need to go now.你不必现在就走。情态动词用法含义例句shall/shouldShall.?用于第一人称，表示建议或请求。好吗？Shall we ask the teacher for help?我们向老师寻求帮助好吗？should强调义务或责任，也可表示建议。应该；应当Y
37、ou should finish it by yourself.你应该自己完成它。You should lie down and have a rest.你应该躺下休息一会儿。will/would表示征求意见（第二人称疑问句中），would语气更委婉。可以吗？Will/Would you please take out the rubbish?你可以把垃圾倒一下吗？will表示意愿、意志（用于多种人称）。愿意Your parents will try their best to help you.你的父母愿意尽最大的努力帮助你。情态动词用法含义例句have to表示客观需求，have要根据主语
38、形式和时态变化。不得不He has to take a taxi because of the rain.由于下雨他不得不乘坐出租车。had better表示劝告、建议，had常缩写为d。最好Youd better go there today.你最好今天去那儿。1.can与be able to(1)相同点:后面都接动词原形;都可表示能力(2)不同点:can只有一般现在时和一般过去时,即can/could;可以用于否定句或疑问句中,表示判断或推测;be able to有多种时态变化以及人称和数的变化;表示“过去通过努力做成了某件事”只能用be able to要点提醒2.must与have to
39、(1)must表示说话人的主观意志,意为“必须”,无人称和数的变化其否定回答通常用dont have to或neednt,而不用mustnt如:Must I finish my homework first?我必须先完成作业吗?No,you dont have to/neednt.不,你不必(2)have to 意为“不得不”,往往强调受到外界客观因素的迫使它可用于多种时态,且有人称和数的变化如:It is going to rain.I have to go home now.快下雨了,我得回家了We didnt want to go but we had to.我们并不想去,但是不得不去3
40、.以could开头的,表示委婉请求的疑问句,要用can回答,不能用could回答如:Could I borrow this book?我能借这本书吗?Sorry,you cant.对不起,你不能1I have traveled a lot.I _(会)speak four languages.2You _(不必)take a car to go there.Its only five minutes walk.3We _(不应当)drink and drive.Its very dangerous.4(2020宁波)Now all the ebike riders in Ningbo _(必须
41、)wear helmets while riding.学以致用canneedntshouldntmust5_(可以)I use your ruler?Sure.Here you are.6(2020泰州)Mum，could I take off my mask today？Its a little hot.Well，Im afraid we _(wear)masks for some more time.May/Canhave to wear 考点2情态动词表推测的用法情态动词用法含义例句can常用于否定句或疑问句中。Can可能；cant不可能The boy cant be Jim.Hes m
42、uch taller.这个男孩不可能是吉姆。他要高很多。Who is knocking at the door？Can it be the postman？谁在敲门？可能是邮递员吗？情态动词用法含义例句must表示肯定的推测。一定Mr.Li must be working now，for the light in his office is still on.李先生一定还在工作，因为他办公室的灯仍然亮着。may/might常用于肯定句中，might表示的可能性较小。可能；也许Where are you going this summer vacation？这个暑假你打算去哪儿？I might
43、go to Beijing.But Im not sure.我可能去北京，但我不确定。注意：could表推测时，语气比can要弱，说话者留有余地。如：Could it be an animal？它可能是动物吗？It could not be，because it is not moving.不太可能，因为它不动。1Is Tom coming by train?He _(可能)drive his car.Im not sure.2Look!The man welcoming us at the school gate _(一定)be our headmaster.No，it _(不可能)be h
44、im.He is having a meeting in the office now.3(2020丹东)这把雨伞一定是我妹妹的。(汉译英)The umbrella must be my sisters.学以致用may/mightmustcant一、用适当的情态动词填空。(可用否定形式)1(2020上海改编)According to the traffic law，children under 12 _ ride bicycles on the road.2(2020南通改编)The article says that ones personality depends on his anima
45、l sign.You _ read it for fun，but dont believe in that.语法专练mustntcan3(2020大连改编)Must I be back home before 6 oclock?No，you _.But dont be too late.4(2020河北改编)_ you smell something burning？Go and see whats happening.5(2020柳州改编)Must I finish my homework now，Dad?Yes，you _.6(2020龙东改编)May I eat out with my
46、friends，Mum?No，you _.People shouldnt get together at this time.needntCanmustcant7(2020南京改编)By the time she was eight，Linda _ read English and French.8(2020新疆改编)My classmate is jumping so far！I _ believe my eyes.9(2020宿迁改编)My bike was broken yesterday，so I _ walk home.10(2020包头改编)He _ sleep，although
47、he tried to.One cup of coffee in the late afternoon caused him to stay awake almost all night.couldcanthad tocouldnt11(2020泸州改编)Mr.Collins _ like tea.He makes a cup of tea for himself every morning.12(2020呼和浩特改编)What a lovely present！Who sent it？_ it be your brother?It _ be my brother.He doesnt know
48、 today is my birthday.13(2020怀化改编)Wheres Jane?Im not sure.She _ be in the library.14(2020甘肃改编)You havent eaten all day.You _ be very hungry.mustCancantmay/mightmust二、语法填空。(2020哈尔滨改编)Dear David，How time flies！Its been 3 months since I came to China.Im having a great time on my student exchange progra
49、m here.So far，Ive _1_(complete)got used to the life here and have known a lot about traditional Chinese culture.Id like to share some _2_ you.In China，there are many different _3_(kind)of traditional art forms，such as paper cutting，Chinese clay art and so on.Among them，the kite _4_(interest)me most.
50、The first ancient Chinese kite appeared more than 2，000 years ago.Then flying kites was spread into Japan，Korea and Malaysia during the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty.Kites are regarded as the _5_(early)craft(飞行器)They played an important role in the process of _6_(invent)the plane.Tea culture is
