1、专题十四 选择型阅读中考英语中考英语(河南专用)Passage 1(2018河南,A)A组 2014-2018年河南中考题组五年中考根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1.If you are interested in painting,you may call for more information.A.020 8371 9686B.01202 363831C.020 8563 7725D.01865 5520312.If you visit ,you may get some information about drama.A.aub.ac.uk B.www.stclares.ac.uk C D
2、.www.youthmusictheatreuk.org3.Eight-year-old Mike can go to in the summer.A.XUK Activity Summer CampB.Creative Arts Summer SchoolC.Summer English at St Clares,OxfordD.YMTs Musical Theatre Summer Camps 20184.Whats special about Summer English at St Clares,Oxford?A.It is open to all ages.B.It requires
3、 creative ideas.C.It has experienced staff.D.It offers language courses.5.Where is the text most probably from?A.A science report.B.A school introduction.C.A shopping poster.D.A website for teenagers.答案语篇解读本文为青少年介绍了四种在暑假可以参加的活动。1.B细节理解题。第二篇语言材料中的“Designed for young students with a great interest in
4、painting”对应题干,可从中找到电话号码为:01202 363831,故选B。2.C细节理解题。找出题干关键词“information about drama”,由第三篇语言材料中的“Activities include adventure,sports,drama.”得出应该在第三篇中寻找网址,故选择C。3.D细节理解题。找出题干关键词“Eight-year-old Mike”,由此得知Mike 8岁了,回原文寻找每篇语言材料中的Ages部分可得知第四篇语言材料中的活动是符合612岁的孩子的。故选D。4.D细节理解题。由题干定位第一篇语言材料中的“We offer holiday co
5、urses”以及“You can improve your English.”可得知它的特色是提供英语语言课程。故选D。5.D主旨大意题。本题考查文章的出处,通读全文可知,四篇材料为青少年介绍了四种在暑假可以参加的活动,并且每篇都给了网址和联系电话,A选项和C选项跟文章内容无关,B选项说的是一个学校的介绍,也不符合文章大意,故选D。长难句YMTs summer camps are open to anyone aged 617 looking to develop their acting,singing and dancing abilities.YMT的夏令营对617岁的希望发展他们的表演
6、、唱歌和跳舞能力的任何人开放。本句是简单句,过去分词短语aged 617和现在分词短语looking to develop their acting,singing and dancing abilities作后置定语,修饰不定代词anyone(617岁的孩子们)。重点词汇look to 指望;依靠词汇积累drama n.戏剧;staff n.员工;explore v.探索Passage 2(2018河南,B)In Los Angeles,a waiter served a group of teens.The waiter remembered his experience as a you
7、ng high school student.So he made sure the teens had a pleasant experience at the restaurant.The waiter made sure of it.After serving all the teens and doing a great job,he was left a tip(小费),only$3.28.That was hardly enough to buy a drink at Starbucks.The waiter went home.And he felt hatred for the
8、 students who did not know the value of hard work.They looked down on people like him.Or so he thought.After several days,the waiter forgot about it.His life went on as usual.But ten days later,he re-ceived a letter from the teens.“About a week and a half ago,on October 7,my three friends and I came
9、 to eat at this restaurant as our own homecoming celebration.It was an exciting experience for us to be here alone,and it was all new to us.And you were the best waiter we could ask for.You were kind,helpful,and didnt treat us like babies!So I want to say thank you for making our grown-up experience
10、 so amazing and fun.“I would also like to say sorry on behalf of(代表)my group.Since we were new to all of this,our 13-year-old minds didnt exactly know how to deal with the bill.The bill was reasonable(合乎情理的),but we had completely forgotten(and didnt know,to be honest)what a tip even was,let alone ho
11、w much to give.So we emptied our pockets,and all our money added up to$3.28.“Having no idea of how small this really was,we left.Later,we realized our mistake and felt ter-rible.We knew we had to make it right.“So together with this letter,you will find the correct 18%tip+extra for simply being amaz
12、ing.Thank you for your help and patience and also thank you for making our night fun.Thank you!”根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1.How did the waiter receive the group of teens?A.He tried to make them pay more.B.He served them like other waiters.C.He treated them as young children.D.He did his best to make them happy.2
13、.Why did the group of teens leave that small tip?A.Because they looked down on the waiter.B.Because they didnt know what a tip meant.C.Because they werent pleased with the service.D.Because they thought the tip should be that much.3.What made the teens write the letter?A.The tip they left for the wa
14、iter.B.The bill the restaurant received.C.The way the waiter served them.D.The fun they had at the restaurant.4.What do restaurant waiters mind most in America?A.What kind of guests they receive.B.What dishes people usually order.C.Whether they are given reasonable tips.D.How much customers pay for
15、their meals.5.What did the group of teens try to say in the letter?A.They were quite thankful for the waiters service.B.They had realized their mistake and made it right.C.They had a wonderful experience at the restaurant.D.They wanted more customers to go to the restaurant.答案语篇解读几个青少年顾客由于不了解小费的含义是代
16、表着对服务员工作的认可而犯下了错误,他们之后写信道歉,并另付小费,对服务员对他们的帮助和耐心表示感谢。1.D细节理解题。由第一段中的“The waiter remembered his experience as a young high school student.So he made sure the teens had a pleasant experience at the restaurant.The waiter made sure of it.”和第二段中的“After serving all the teens and doing a great job”可得知He did
17、his best to make them happy.,所以D项正确。2.B细节理解题。由第六段中的“The bill was reasonable(合乎情理的),but we had complete-ly forgotten(and didnt know,to be honest)what a tip even was,let alone how much to give.”可得知他们不理解tip意味着什么,所以B项正确。3.A细节理解题。由第七段中的“Having no idea of how small this really was,we left.Later,we realize
18、d our mistake and felt terrible.We knew we had to make it right.”可得知他们当初不知道自己留下的小费数目很少,之后意识到了自己的错误并且要补救,因此A项正确。4.C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“And he felt hatred for the students who did not know the value of hard work.They looked down on people like him.Or so he thought.”可得知服务员在意的是自己的用心工作没有被认可,因为小费的多少代表着对他的工作的认可度
19、。所以可推出C项正确。5.B主旨大意题。从第七段中的“Later,we realized our mistake and felt terrible.We knew we had to make it right.”及第八段中的“So together with this letter,you will find the correct 18%tip+extra for simply being amazing.”可得知他们认识到了自己的错误并想纠正自己的错误,所以B项正确。长难句Having no idea of how small this really was,we left.在不知道这
20、个(数字)真的很小的情况下,我们离开了。Having no idea of.was为现在分词短语作伴随状语,其中how small this really was作介词of的宾语。重点词汇experience n.经历;value n.价值;as usual 像往常一样;amazing adj.令人惊奇的词汇积累pleasant adj.令人愉快的;tip n.小费;Starbucks星巴克;on behalf of 代表;reasonable adj.合乎情理的Passage 3(2018河南,C)The spring season brings warm weather,flowers a
21、nd other changes for people to enjoy.For some restaurant cooks,the most exciting spring arrival is ramps.Ramps are a wild plant in the eastern mountains of North America.They are one of the first plants that grow in the spring,usually between April and May.They are recognized(识别)by their red stem(茎)
22、,and two long and wide green leaves.They are also famous for their strong taste,similar to onions(洋葱).Ramps are not as well-known as other vegetables,but they have a long history in the United States.In the Appalachian Mountains,ramps have been an important food for a long time.During spring,it is c
23、ommon for small towns in the Appalachian area to hold large ramp dinners for the communi-ty.However,over the last 30 years,ramps popularity has grown quickly.They are now a highly-de-sired vegetable for many nice restaurants in cities like New York and Washington D.C.One reason the plant is popular
24、is that it grows in the wild.It is difficult to grow them on farms.Most restaurants get them from foragers,who collect ramps by searching forests for some small pieces of land where they grow.Ramps have a short season.Within a few weeks of full growth,the plant is done for the year.This short life i
25、s some reason for their popularity.And that popularity could lead to their disappearance from Earth.In 1995,the local government in Quebec,Canada,stopped people selling the plant to businesses in order to protect the plant against being over-dug.The season is short,but it has not ended yet.If you ar
26、e in the right place,you still have time to try a taste of ramps yourself.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1.Why are ramps so popular in North America?A.Because they grow in spring.B.Because they have a good taste.C.Because they are hard to get.D.Because they have a long history.2.Which of the following is the picture
27、of a ramp?3.What does the word“they”refer to(指的是)?A.foragersB.rampsC.customersD.restaurants4.Why were people stopped from selling ramps to businesses?A.Because ramps were in great danger.B.Because ramps smell polluted the air.C.Because it cost too much to grow ramps.D.Because the government wanted t
28、o make money.5.Whats the best title for the text?A.Americans go crazy for ramps in springB.Americans have discovered a new vegetableC.Ramps were once popular in North AmericaD.Ramps will soon be enjoyed all over the world答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了一种植物北美野韭的产地、外形、生长发展的历史以及受到欢迎的原因。1.C细节理解题。由第五段中的“One reas
29、on the plant is popular is that it grows in the wild.It is difficult to grow them on farms.”可得知C项正确。2.D细节理解题。由第二段第三、四句“They are recognized(识别)by their red stem(茎),and two long and wide green leaves.They are also famous for their strong taste,similar to onions(洋葱).”得知D项正确。3.B词义猜测题。由画线词前面的内容“who colle
30、ct ramps by searching forests for some small pieces of land”可得知搜寻食物的人通过在森林中寻找它们生长的小片土地来收集北美野韭,因此“they”指的是 ramps。4.A细节理解题。由第六段最后一句“In 1995,the local government in Quebec,Canada,stopped people selling the plant to businesses in order to protect the plant against being over-dug.”可得知A选项正确。5.A主旨大意题。B项在文中
31、只是简单介绍;C项是说它曾经很受欢迎,与文章内容不符;D项无中生有。采用排除法,故选A。长难句Most restaurants get them from foragers,who collect ramps by searching forests for some small pieces of land where they grow.大多数餐馆从搜寻食物的人们手中获得它们,这些人通过在森林中寻找它们生长的一些小片土地来收集北美野韭。本句是主从复合句。定语从句who collect ramps by searching forests for some small pieces of l
32、and where they grow修饰先行词foragers,其中定语从句where they grow修饰先行词land。重点词汇taste n.味道;similar adj.相似的;common adj.普通的;共有的词汇积累 ramp n.北美野韭;arrival n.到来;onion n.洋葱;recognize v.识别,认出Passage 4(2017河南,A)注:recommend推荐;spice(调味)香料根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1.Whats special about Musical Chairs?A.Sunday is classic rock night ever
33、y week.B.The chairs there can play wonderful music.C.The restaurant only welcomes music lovers.D.You can enjoy your meal with live music there.2.Which of the following does The Chocolate Box serve?A.Fish.B.Cakes.C.Seafood.D.Chicken.3.Why do people go to Last Days of the Raj?A.To show others how brav
34、e they will be.B.To enjoy the meal while watching shows.C.To try the dishes there cooked with spices.D.To have meals in the garden all year round.4.What can people do at A Taste of Tuscany?A.Enjoy a relaxed breakfast.B.Taste dishes cooked in Italy.C.Have a value-for-money lunch.D.Learn to cook pasta
35、 and seafood.5.What is recommended in the text?A.Hot restaurants.B.Special foods.C.Weekend activities.D.The best places to go.答案语篇解读本文是一篇应用文,向我们介绍了四个各有特色的饭店。1.D细节理解题。从左上段第二句可知,你可以享受这家饭店的音乐和食物的绝妙搭配。故选D。2.B推理判断题。从左下段最后一句可知,这家饭店供应蛋糕。故选B。3.C细节理解题。从右上段倒数第二句可知,这家饭店最受人们喜欢的是用调料烹饪过的牛肉和鸡肉。故选C。4.C细节理解题。从右下段第一句
36、可知,人们如果在这家饭店消费,可以享受到物有所值的午餐。因此,答案选C。5.A细节理解题。由大标题下面的第三句话可知,被推荐的是受欢迎的饭店。故选A。长难句Whether youd like a great value-for-money lunch or a relaxed evening meal at a fantas-tic restaurant,this is the place for you.不管你想在一家极好的餐厅吃一顿物有所值的午餐,还是要享受一顿令人放松的晚宴,这里都是你理想的地方。Whether.or.引导让步状语从句,意思是:不管还是。a great value-for
37、-money lunch一顿物有所值的午餐。重点词汇eat out去外面吃饭词汇积累customer n.顾客Passage 5(2017河南,B)Not only kids of Tiger Moms go to Harvard.Dawn Loggins of Lawndale,N.C.,is on her way to Harvard,one of the eight world-famous univer-sities in the eastern US.Nobody encouraged her to study or paid for her special classes.This
38、 girl created her own future.The teen was abandoned by her family last summer,when her parents and two sisters moved to Tennessee.She found herself homeless and had to spend the night on friends sofas.The school bus driver learned about Dawns situation and invited Dawn to move in with her fami-ly.So
39、on,Dawn had a job at Burns High School.She worked from 6 a.m.to 7:40 a.m.before the first school bell rang.She swept floors and picked up trash again in the afternoons,before diving(跳水)into her studies in the evenings.Dawns hard work paid off.She finished school with a 3.9 GPA and scored 2,110 on th
40、e SAT.“There were times when I felt like it would be easiest if I gave up,”the 18-year-old said.“But it was never in me to give up,because I realized that I was never going to be successful unless I got an education.”Even before Dawns family left her,she led a difficult life.Her family was poor and
41、cups of noo-dles were often the only food.Dawn“studied by candlelight”because her parents couldnt afford to pay the electricity bill(电费).Dawn has now reconnected with her family.Theyre proud of her accomplishments(成就)and are attending her high school graduation.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1.Why didnt Dawn give up
42、her studies?A.To reconnect with her family.B.To thank those who had helped her.C.To get an education to be successful.D.To realize her dream of going to Harvard.2.Who helped Dawn when she found herself homeless?A.Her teachers.B.Her neighbors.C.A Tiger Mom.D.A school bus driver.3.What does the underl
43、ined word“abandoned”mean in Chinese?A.宠爱B.抛弃C.鼓励D.虐待4.Which of the following words best describes Dawn?A.Open-minded.B.Good-natured.C.Strong-willed.D.Warm-hearted.5.Whats the best title for the text?A.Another Harvard girlB.A girl in candlelightC.From homeless to HarvardD.The role of Tiger Moms答案语篇解读
44、本文是一篇记叙文。一个被家庭抛弃的女孩,经过勤工俭学,不放弃自己,凭着坚强的意志力实现了哈佛梦。1.C细节理解题。由文章倒数第三段最后一句中“I was never going to be successful unless I got an education”可知选C。2.D细节理解题。由文章第四段第一句可知,校车司机帮助了她。故选D。3.B词义猜测题。根据第三段中“她的父母和两个妹妹搬到田纳西州,她发现自己无家可归,只能在朋友家的沙发上过夜”可知选B。4.C推理判断题。由文章第四、五、六段可知,她正是凭着自己坚强的意志才取得了优异的成绩。故选C。5.C主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章描述了
45、一个女孩从无家可归到凭着自己坚强的意志力刻苦学习考进哈佛的过程,故选C。长难句But it was never in me to give up,because I realized that I was never going to be suc-cessful unless I got an education.但是我从来没想过放弃。因为我意识到,如果不接受教育,我永远不会成功。本句是一个复合句,主句中it为形式主语,不定式短语to give up是真正的主语。其后为because引导的原因状语从句;在这个原因状语从句中又含有一个宾语从句that I was never going to
46、be successful.;在这个宾语从句中又含有一个由unless引导的条件状语从句。重点词汇create v.创造;score v.得分词汇积累bill n.账单;accomplishment n.成就The idea that red means stop and green means go has influenced our lives in more ways than just traffic signals(信号).We have been taught from a young age that the color red means danger and green m
47、eans its okay to move forward.But why were those colors chosen for traffic lights in the first place?For something we have to look at every day,why couldnt they have been prettier-colors?Well,its important to know that before traffic lights for cars,there were traffic signals for trains.At first,rai
48、lway companies used red to mean stop,white to mean go,and green to mean warn.As you could imagine,trains ran into a few problems with white meaning go.For example,one train mistook a bright star for a white light and something unexpected happened.Because of that,rail-way companies finally moved gree
49、n meaning go and used yellow to mean warn.And its been that way ever since.Passage 6(2017河南,C)Red has always been a color that meant danger,long before cars were even around.This most like-ly started because its the color with the longest wavelength(波长)so it can be seen somewhere far-ther than other
50、 colors.But,believe it or not,yellow was once used to mean stop.Back in the 1900s,some stop signs were yellow because it was too hard to see a red sign in a poorly lit area.Finally,highly reflective mate-rials(高反射材料)were developed and red stop signs were born.Since yellow can be seen well at all tim
