1、2023-1-11英语：Unit3 Under the sea-Grammar课件（新人教版选修7）2023-1-11Having been attacked by terrorists,the World Trade Center collapsed.2023-1-111.Being watched by his Math teacher,John felt nervous,not knowing what to say.2.Did you see the boy being questioned by the police?3.Having been told many times,he
2、finally understood it.V-ing 形式由形式由“doing”构成，构成，其否定形式是其否定形式是“not doing”,V-ing 可以带宾语或状语构成可以带宾语或状语构成 V-ing 短短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。时态和语态的变化。2023-1-11V-ing V-ing 形式形式语态语态时态时态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般式一般式完成式完成式2023-1-11(not)doing(not)being done(not)having done(not)having been done1 1、V-ingV-ing可具
3、有时态意义可具有时态意义 一般式（一般式（doing）完成式完成式（having done）1)She is proud of being beautiful 她为自己的美丽而骄傲。（同时）她为自己的美丽而骄傲。（同时）2)I am thinking of going to the Industrial Exhibition this afternoon 我想下午去看工业展览。（在其后）我想下午去看工业展览。（在其后）2023-1-112023-1-11A)A)V-ing V-ing 一般式（一般式（doingdoing）的语法功能的语法功能 Her hobby is painting.她的业
4、余爱好是画画。她的业余爱好是画画。My job is looking after the children.我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。身份、性质或情况。2023-1-11 They lived in a room facing the street.=They lived in a room that faces the street.他们住在一间面朝街的房子。他们住在一间面朝街的房子。The man standin
5、g there is Peters father.=The man who is standing there is Peters father.2023-1-11-ing形式短语作定语时形式短语作定语时,放在所修饰的名词放在所修饰的名词之后之后,并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。His brother,working as a teacher,lives in Beijing.=His brother,who is working as a teacher,lives in Beijing.他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。-ing形式短语
6、也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。开。2023-1-11 When we returned to the school,we found a stranger standing at the entrance.当我们回到学校时当我们回到学校时,发现一个陌生人站发现一个陌生人站在大门口。在大门口。-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语 动词动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动后面，表示一个正在进行
7、的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。作，强调一个过程或一种状态。2023-1-112023-1-11全析提示：全析提示：接现在分析作宾语补足语的动接现在分析作宾语补足语的动词有词有feel,hear,listen to,see,look at,watch,observe,notice,find,smell,set,have,keep,start,leave,get,catch等。等。Can you smell anything burning?I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.As he spoke,he observed everybo
8、dy looking at him curiously.Listen to the birds singing.I didnt notice him waiting.2023-1-11I wont have you doing that.Im sorry to have kept you waiting.I cant get the clock going again.You wont catch me doing that again.2023-1-112023-1-112023-1-112023-1-112023-1-11B)V-ing完成式（完成式（having done）的语法功能的语
9、法功能我为没能遵守诺言表示歉意。我为没能遵守诺言表示歉意。I apologize for not having kept my promise （之前发生）（之前发生）他因对国家做了这样大的贡献而受到表他因对国家做了这样大的贡献而受到表扬。扬。He was praised for having made such a contribution to the country （之前发生）（之前发生）2023-1-112 2、V-ingV-ing可具有语态意义可具有语态意义 如果如果-ing与句中的逻辑主语构成被动关系，与句中的逻辑主语构成被动关系，需用其被动形式需用其被动形式：being don
10、e，having been done；其否定形式是：其否定形式是：not being done,not having been done例如：例如：他们无法忍受这样的待遇。他们无法忍受这样的待遇。They couldnt stand being treated like that.（与其逻（与其逻辑主语辑主语They构成被动关系构成被动关系)2023-1-11 一、动名词的被动形式一、动名词的被动形式1._was a common _was a common occurrenceoccurrence 被鲨鱼吃掉是常有的事。被鲨鱼吃掉是常有的事。He could not bear _He cou
11、ld not bear _ like like thatthat 人家这样开他的玩笑他受不了。人家这样开他的玩笑他受不了。He didnt mind_He didnt mind_ 把他留在家里他并不在意。把他留在家里他并不在意。2023-1-11being made fun ofbeing left at home Being killed by sharks This question is_ 这问题远远没有解决。这问题远远没有解决。He did it without_.没有谁请他做，他自己做的。没有谁请他做，他自己做的。You cant eat anything before_ 在动手术之
12、前你不能吃任何东西。在动手术之前你不能吃任何东西。2023-1-11far from being settledbeing operated onbeing asked二、现在分词的被动形式二、现在分词的被动形式1作状语作状语 Being asked who stole the salt，the poor young man put his hands under his clothes.当被问及谁偷了盐时，这个可怜的年轻人当被问及谁偷了盐时，这个可怜的年轻人把手藏到了衣服里。把手藏到了衣服里。(时间状语。时间状语。)2023-1-11 _,the trees are growing bett
13、er and better.由于受到了很好的照顾，这些树长得越来越由于受到了很好的照顾，这些树长得越来越壮壮(原因状语原因状语)John,_ for many years,had recently been set free.约翰被关在监狱许多年后，最近获释。约翰被关在监狱许多年后，最近获释。(时间时间状语状语)_to the wrong address,the letter did not reach her.由于那封信的地址投错了，她没有收到。由于那封信的地址投错了，她没有收到。(原原因状语因状语)2023-1-11Being taken good care of having been
14、kept a prisoner Having been sent 2作定语作定语 The large house_ is a new shopping mall.正在施工的大楼是一座新的综合商店正在施工的大楼是一座新的综合商店 3作宾语补足语作宾语补足语 I saw a baby_ by two men.我看见一个婴儿被两个男人抓走了我看见一个婴儿被两个男人抓走了 2023-1-11being builtbeing caught away 我听说他被选为那个队的教练。我听说他被选为那个队的教练。I heard of his having been chosen to be the coach
15、of the team（与其逻辑主语（与其逻辑主语his构成被动关系构成被动关系)2023-1-11注意1)在want，need，require，deserve等动词之后作宾语时，常用动名词的主动式表示被动意义，但如果用不定式则用被动式。例如：The flowers in the garden want watering花园里的花需要浇水了。（比较：The flowers in the garden want to be watered）2023-1-11 The blackboard needs cleaning.=The blackboard needs to be cleaned.黑板需
16、要擦干净。黑板需要擦干净。2）在（在（bebe）worthworth后面只能用动名词的主动后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义。态来表示被动意义。例如：例如：他的提议值得考虑他的提议值得考虑.His suggestion is His suggestion is worth consideringworth considering.此句可转换成：此句可转换成：His suggestion is His suggestion is worthy to be worthy to be consideredconsidered.His suggestion is His suggestion is
17、 worthy of beingworthy of being considered.considered.2023-1-11 3 3）allow,advise,forbid,permitallow,advise,forbid,permit等等动词后直接跟所有格及动词作宾语时，要用动词后直接跟所有格及动词作宾语时，要用V-V-inging形式；如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，再跟形式；如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，再跟宾语补足语（即构成复合宾语），其宾语补足宾语补足语（即构成复合宾语），其宾语补足语用带语用带toto的不定式。的不定式。我不允许他在此地游泳。我不允许他在此地游泳。I dont all
18、ow him to swim here.I dont allow him to swim here.2023-1-11 在绝大数情况下，句子的逻辑主语是句中的主语在绝大数情况下，句子的逻辑主语是句中的主语;但有时可有一个名词或代词表示逻辑上的主语，但有时可有一个名词或代词表示逻辑上的主语，这种带逻辑主语的结构称为这种带逻辑主语的结构称为独立结构独立结构。The meeting being over,we all left the room and drove home.会议结束后会议结束后,我们都离开房间开车走了。我们都离开房间开车走了。2023-1-11It being a holiday,
19、all the students dont go to school.由于今天是假日，所有的学生都不上学。由于今天是假日，所有的学生都不上学。1.-What made Bill so angry?-_.His girl friend promised to come at 8:30,but she hasnt come yet.A.Having kept waiting B.Being kept waiting C.To be kept waiting D.Being kept waited2023-1-11课堂练兵课堂练兵 2.The building _ in our school is
20、for our teachers.Though theres noise most of the day,we still feel happy about it.A.built B.having been built C.to be built D.being built2023-1-11 3.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _.A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught D.to catch2023-1-11 4.While shopping,people sometimes cant help _
21、 into buying something they dont really need.A.to persuaded B.persuading C.being persuaded D.be persuaded 2023-1-115._ many times,the boy still didnt know how to do the exercises.A.Having taught B.Having been taught C.taught D.Teaching 2023-1-11 6._ the whole story,Jane decided not to see the film.A
22、.Having been told B.Having told C.Been told D.Telling 2023-1-112023-1-11 7.He has always insisted on his _ Dr Turner instead of Mr Turner.A.been called B.called C.having called D.being called 2023-1-118.Do you mind _ alone at home?A.Jane leaving B.Jane having left C.Janes being left D.Jane to be lef
23、t2023-1-119._ abroad for a tour is a great honor for an ordinary person like me.A.Taken B.Taking C.Having been taken D.Being taken2023-1-1110.I hear theyve invited Lucy,but she didnt mention _ when we talked on the phone.A.to invite B.having been invited C.having invited D.to be invited2023-1-1111.B
24、en cant attend the party _ at Lilys house at present because he is preparing for tomorrows test.A.hold B.to hold C.to be held D.being held2023-1-1112._,the enemy troops were forced to give in.A.Being surrounded B.To surround C.To be surrounded D.Having surrounded2023-1-1113.The appointment _ because
25、 of the snowstorm,Miss Green had to stay at home.A.canceling B.being canceled C.having been canceled D.to be canceled2023-1-1114.After the man became conscious,he remembered _ and hit on the head with something hard.A.to attack B.having been attacked C.attacking D.to be attacked2023-1-111.Have you h
26、anded in your schoolwork yet?Yes,I have.I guess it _ now.A.has graded B.is graded C.is being graded D.is grading 2023-1-112.The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft,the most recent _ at the end of last March.A.has been launched B.having been launched C.being launched D.to be launche
27、d 2023-1-111._(ask)to put on performance,she refused.2.He disliked _ (interrupt)in his experiment.3._(give)such a good chance,you should catch it.Being asked Fill in the blanks.being interrupted Having been given2023-1-114.I didnt mind _(leave)at home.5.The house wants _(clean).6.He came in without _(ask).being leftcleaningbeing asked2023-1-111.Go over the grammar.2.Finish the exercises2-3 on Page 23.Homework2023-1-11
