1、Unit 4 History and TraditionsKey words&expressions PART ONE 1._ n.迷；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑 _ adj.困惑的；糊涂的；茫然的 _ adj.令人费解的；令人困惑的2._ vi.应在(某处)；适应 _ n.所有物；行李puzzlepuzzledpuzzlingbelongbelonging词性转换词性转换3._ adj.渴望的；热切的 _ adv.渴望地；热切地 _ n.渴望eagereagerlyeagerness4._ n.防御；保卫 _ v.辩护；保卫 _ adj.防御的；保卫的5._ vt.围绕；包围 _ a
2、dj.周围的 n.环境；周围的事物6._ n.证据；证明 _ adj.明白的；明显的defencedefenddefensivesurroundsurroundingevidenceevident7._ n.成就；成绩；达到 _ v.取得；获得；实现8._ vt.宣布；通知；声称 _ n.通告；宣布；声明 _ n.播音员；宣告者achievementachieveannounceannouncementannouncer9._ n.地方；地点 _ v.位于；定位locationlocate10._ vt.问候；迎接 _ n.问候；打招呼11._ n.人群；一群人 vt.挤满；使拥挤 _ adj
3、.拥挤的；塞满的12._ adj.引人注目的；显著的 _ v.碰；撞；打；击打greetgreetingcrowdcrowdedstrikingstrike1313._ n.哲学_ n.哲学家1414.adj.法律的;合法的 adj.不合法的1515.n.诗人 n.诗;韵文philosophyphilosopherlegalillegalpoetpoem1._ 属于2._ 军事防御3._ 法律体系4._ 致命的弱点5._ 同；和；还6._ 把和连接起来7._ 解决问题的方法belong tomilitary defencelegal systemAchilles heelas well asj
4、ointoan approach to problems重点短语回顾重点短语回顾8._ 负责 9._ 增加10._ 渴望做某事11._ 脱离；背叛；逃脱12._ 注意；留心13._ 被包围14._ 位于；坐落在15._ 许多；大量a large amount ofin charge ofadd tobe eager to do sthbreak away(from sb/sth)keep ones eyes openbe surrounded by/withbe located in/on1616.导致17.be referred to as 18.leave behind 19.date b
5、ack to 20.in ruins result in被称作留下追溯到成为废墟 PART TWO 1.evidence n.证据；证明证据；证明evident adj.明显的明显的(1)There is evidence _ global climate is getting warmer.(2)_(很明显)they have experience in this work.Its evident that 很明显很明显thatIts evident that There is evidence that.有证据证明有证据证明 in evidence 显眼；显而易见显眼；显而易见2.achi
6、evement n.成就；成绩；达到成就；成绩；达到l achieve ones goal实现某人的目标l a sense of achievement成就感(1)他终于实现了目标，成为一名钢琴家。He eventually _.(2)We _(感到成就感)when we reached the top of the mountain.achieved his goal of becoming a pianistfelt a sense of achievement 3.charge n.收费；指控；主管收费；指控；主管 vtvt.收费；控告；充电收费；控告；充电 recharge 再充电；恢
7、复精神再充电；恢复精神ladmission charges 入场费入场费lfree of charge 免费免费lin charge of 主管；掌管主管；掌管lin sbs charge=in the charge of 由由照看照看/负责负责ltake charge of 控制；掌管控制；掌管lbe charged with 因因被指控被指控(1)Your order will be sent free _ charge.(2)She took charge _ the family business,when her father died.(3)She has yet to be ch
8、arged _ any crime.(4)The girl was safely in _ charge of a nurse.ofofwiththe这家公司在格林小姐的掌管之下。这家公司在格林小姐的掌管之下。Miss Green is the company.The company is Miss Green.The company is .in charge ofin the charge ofin Miss Greens chargeeager adj.be eager for sth.be eager that sb.(should)do sth.渴望得到某物渴望得到某物热切希望热切希
9、望 n.eagerness with eagerness 热切地热切地adv.eagerlybe eager for sb.to do sth.渴望某人做某事渴望某人做某事 in ones eagerness to do sth.渴望做渴望做/急于做某事急于做某事4.eager adj.热切地；渴望的(1)Lisa was eager _ her parents approval.(2)The engineer was eager _(participate)in technical co-operation.forto participate(3)（湖南卷单选）湖南卷单选）I wasnt a
10、ble to hide my _when I asked,“What do you wish me to do now?”.(eager)(4)单句写作：他总是渴望新的经历，而且乐意尝试。eagerness He is always eager for new experiences and willing to try.5.crowd n.人群；一群人；民众人群；一群人；民众 vtvt.挤满；使挤满；使拥挤拥挤la crowd of 一大群；许多的lcrowd in/into 涌入lcrow A into B 把A 塞进Blbe crowded with 挤满;充满(1)Every time
11、 I visit my grandparents,my grandma would crowd a lot of snacks and fruits _ my schoolbag.(2)We all crowded _ her office to sing“Happy Birthday”.intointo(3)The happy memory of getting along with my best friend crowded _ my mind.(4)The road was so _(crowd)that the car could not pass through easily.(5
12、)The narrow roads were crowded _ holiday traffic.withinto/incrowded 读句子，感受approach的词性,词义及相关用法：1)As you approach the town,youll see the college on the left.2)Whats the best way of approaching this problem?3)Spring is approaching.4)In my view,the best approach to working out is to go jogging every day
13、.vt.接近接近vt.着手处理着手处理vi.靠近靠近n.方式方式6.approach v.&n.approach 用法归纳:(1)approach vt.接近；接洽；着手处理接近；接洽；着手处理 approach the house 走近房子走近房子 approach the problem/matter 处理问题处理问题(2)approach n.方法；途径；接近方法；途径；接近 the approach of.的来临的来临/临近临近 at the approach of 在在.快到的时候快到的时候 an approach to(doing)sth.（做）某事的方法（做）某事的方法/方式方式
14、(3)approachable adj.可接近的；和蔼可亲的；易理解的可接近的；和蔼可亲的；易理解的 approaching adj.接近的接近的；逼近的；逼近的易混辨析易混辨析:approach，way，method，meansapproach除了意为除了意为“方法方法”之外，还有之外，还有“接近；途径接近；途径”的意思，的意思，常用常用 an/the approach ton./doing sth.way使用范围广，常用于具体事物或口语中；前面与使用范围广，常用于具体事物或口语中；前面与in搭配，后搭配，后面接面接to do/of doing。method指条理的、系统的办法；前面与指条理
15、的、系统的办法；前面与with搭配，后面接搭配，后面接ofn./doingmeans指实现目的的手段或使用某种交通工具的方式；前面与指实现目的的手段或使用某种交通工具的方式；前面与by搭配，后面接搭配，后面接of doingin the way to do/of doing sth.with the method of+n./doing sth.by the means of doing sth.(1)What we need are new approaches _ solving the problem.(2)Facing up to your problems rather than r
16、unning away from them is the best approach to _(work)things out.(3)_ this way,we can get along with each other happily and peacefully.(4)However,there are also some problems _ this teaching method.单句语法填空单句语法填空workingtoInAt the approach of 完成句子完成句子with _(.快到的时候)the interview,he became rather nervous
17、and upset.denrs7.generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的 be generousIt is generous of sb.to do sth.to sb.对某人很慷慨对某人很慷慨with sth.in(doing)sth.在某方面很慷慨在某方面很慷慨乐于做某事乐于做某事某人做某事真是慷慨某人做某事真是慷慨 n.generositytreat sb.with generosity宽宏大量地对待某人宽宏大量地对待某人反义词：反义词：mean adj.吝啬的；刻薄的吝啬的；刻薄的 It is mean of sb.to do sth adv.generously(广东卷写作
18、）广东卷写作）She herself lived a simple or rather poor life but she was so generous _ the people in need of help.（2019.浙江卷阅读）浙江卷阅读）While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign,Bridges said the only goal was to show _(generous)and sympathy.他因慷慨解囊而得到好名声。他因慷慨解囊而得到好名声。He got a fine fame for _his m
19、oney to help others.to generosity being generous with mant a large amount of +不可数 大量，许多（谓单）large amounts of +不可数 大量，许多（谓复）1)A large amount of water _(have)been polluted.2)Large amounts of water _(have)been polluted.in large/small amounts 大量地/少量地8.amount n.金额；数量 hashaveamount to等于；达到be in a puzzle 感到
20、困惑；不知如何是好be a puzzle to sb.对某人来说是个谜9.puzzle n.谜；难题 vt.迷惑；使困惑 puzzle over/about 仔细琢磨；冥思苦想puzzle out 仔细考虑；琢磨出.的答案n.puzzlement 迷惑；困惑adj.puzzled 感到迷惑的be puzzled about.对.迷惑不解的adj.puzzling 令人迷惑的1.The first week was a little_.2.He wore a expression,maybe the problem was quite _.3.Some people are puzzled _
21、the fact that he is still single.4._（使我困惑的是）is that I dont know the exact time for the test.puzzling/confusingaboutpuzzledconfusedpuzzling/confusingWhat puzzles me(1)break away from 脱离；背叛；逃脱脱离；背叛；逃脱(2)break up 打碎；分裂，解体；结束；打碎；分裂，解体；结束；(关系等关系等)破裂破裂(3)break down 出故障；垮掉；失败出故障；垮掉；失败(4)break into 破门而入；突然破
22、门而入；突然.起来起来（及物动词短语）动词短语）(5)break in 破门而入；打断，插嘴（破门而入；打断，插嘴（不及物动词短语）动词短语）(6)break out(战争、洪水、火灾等战争、洪水、火灾等)突然发生，爆发突然发生，爆发(7)break through 突破突破(8)break off 中断；折断中断；折断10.break away from(1)The Union first consisted of several countries,which broke away _ it later because of conflicts.(2)It was the fact tha
23、t his car broke _ on the way this afternoon that made him late for the meeting.(3)-Im surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have broken _.-So am I.They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.(4)We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody had broken _the office during the night.单
24、句语法填空单句语法填空downfromintoup11.belongThe four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work(P40)Where do these plates belong？这些盘子这些盘子_哪里？哪里？Papercutting has a history of over 1,500 years,belonging to traditional art in China 剪纸有剪纸有1,500多年的历史，多年的历史，_中国传统艺术。中国传统艺术。She packed a few of her belongings in
25、 a bag and left 她把她的几件她把她的几件_装进包里便离开了。装进包里便离开了。属于属于vi.应在（某处）；适应应在（某处）；适应 东西东西应放在应放在belongings n.附属品；财物附属品；财物belong to 属于属于;是是的成员的成员/一部分一部分 不用于被动语态和进行时态不用于被动语态和进行时态belonging to做后置定语时，相当于一个定语从句做后置定语时，相当于一个定语从句belong to 属于属于;是是的成员的成员/一部分一部分 belong to不用于被动语态和进行时态。belonging to做后置定语时，相当于含有belong to的定语从句。b
26、elong to中的to是介词，后接名词或代词作宾语，但不能接名词所有格或名词性物主代词。belongings n.附属品；财物附属品；财物a sense of belonging归属感归纳：(1)单句语法填空The house had belonged _ her family for three or four generationsMany of her personal _(belong)had been stolen(2)单句写作离开教室之前记得带走属于你的所有东西。belongingstoRemember to take everything _ you before leavin
27、g the classroom.（用定从）（用定从）Remember to take everything_ you before leaving the classroom.belonging tothat belongs to defence against sth.对对的防御物的防御物/防御能力防御能力 in defence of 保护保护;为为辩护辩护in ones defence 为某人辩护为某人辩护12.defence n.防御；保卫defend vt.防御防御;保护保护;辩护辩护defend from/against.保护保护免受免受的伤害的伤害protect from.keep
28、 from.preserve from.(1)单句语法填空In addition,firewalls are no defence _ internal hackers Strength lies not in _(defend)but in attack(2)单句写作我们不应该忘记那些为保护人民的健康和安全而献身的医护人员。We shouldnt forget the doctors and nurses who died _ peoples health and safetydefenceagainstin defence of surroundings npl 周围的环境be surro
29、unded by/with 被包围surround.with.用包围surrounding adj.周边的13.surround vt.围绕；包围 (1)It is a suitable for a new airport.(2)The factory at the foot of a hill.be located in/at/to 位于位于;坐落在坐落在.location is located14.location n.地点；地方；位置catch ones eye have an eye for in ones eyes look sb.in eye(s)引起某人的注意对.有鉴赏能力依某人
30、看，在某人眼里直视某人15.keep ones eyes open(for)留心；留意 keep back 阻止；隐瞒；抑制 keep/bear.in mind 记住 keep in touch with sb 与某人保持联系 keep off 不接近；远离 keep up with 跟上；与保持联系拓展：fix ones eye on注视；盯着看keep an eye on照看，留意；密切注意have an eye for对有鉴赏能力look sb.in the eye(s)直视某人 announcement n.通告;宣告 announcer n.广播员；播音员announce sth.t
31、o sb 向某人宣告某事It is announced that 据宣布.make an announcement 宣布16.announce v.宣布；通知；声称Its announced that.announce sth.to sb./announce to sb.sth./announce to sb.thatas is announcedProfessor Wang is announced _ _(come)to make a speech about his adventures at sea.I will always _ my goals _ the world.(annou
32、nce)单句写作：正如新闻所说，单句写作：正如新闻所说，78岁的拜登岁的拜登(Biden)将成为美国的新一届总统。将成为美国的新一届总统。据宣布据宣布向某人宣布向某人宣布正如宣布的那样正如宣布的那样to comeannounce to_ in the news,the 78-year-old Biden will become the new president of the United States.As is annouced PART Three 课堂练习.单句语法填空单句语法填空1.In the 1960s,while studying the volcanic history of
33、 Yellowstone National Park,Bob Christiansen became _(puzzle)about something.2.The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp,which _(surround)by a high wire fence.3.With her _charge,I was confident all would be OK.4.If a child _(approach)him,he will pause to give that child his undivided attention.pu
34、zzledwas surroundedin approaches5.Cultural relics are treasures _ to all peoples rather than any individual.(belong)6.Remember to take your valuable _ with you when you get off the car.(belong)7.The famous musician,as well as his students,_(invite)to perform at the opening ceremony.8.I have to say i
35、n her _(defend)that she knew nothing about it beforehand.9.It was _（announce)that new speed restrictions would be introduced.10.The president made an unexpected _(announce)this morning.belongingbelongingswas inviteddefenceannounced announcement 11.He is eager _ knowledge about the construction of th
36、e party because he is eager _(join)the party.12.We would like to thank all the judges who _(generous)spent their spare time dealing this affair.for to join 单句写作：单句写作：他热切希望你见见他的父母。他热切希望你见见他的父母。小心点，否则你的手会受伤的。小心点，否则你的手会受伤的。(have sth done)她乐于助人，所以我们都喜欢她。她乐于助人，所以我们都喜欢她。He is eager that you meet his parents.He is eager for you to meet his parents.Be careful,or youll have your hand hurt.She is generous in giving help,so we all like her.PART Four HomeworkThank You!
