1、 Lesson 59 In or out?1 Why did the writers husband spend weeks training the dog to open the front gate?2 what bad habit has the dog developed?3 What happened when the writers husband removed the gate?【New words and expressions】bark v 狗叫 bk v.(动词)vi.吠，叫 give a bark or barks vt.大声喊出 say sth in a sharp
2、 harsh voice n.(名词)CS犬吠声,狐狸的嗥叫声 sharp harsh sound made by dog or foxes U树皮 the stuff that covers the outside of a tree用作动词(v.)The dog barked when the stranger came near.当陌生人走近时，狗叫了起来。An old dog does not bark for nothing.老狗不会无事而吠。When you speak to people,dont bark at them.当你和人说话时不要咆哮。Some officers ba
3、rk out their orders.有些军官以粗暴的声音发布命令。He barked his elbow on the wall.他碰到墙上，肘部擦破了皮。用作名词(n.)Those trees have very beautiful white bark.那些树长着非常漂亮的白色树皮。The bark of plane trees peels off regularly.悬铃木的树皮到时候就脱落。press v 按,压 v.(动词)vt.按,压 push firmly and steadily against vi.紧迫 make quick action or attention vt
4、.逼迫,强迫 force or compel n.(名词)S压,按,挤 act of pushing steadily with sth held in the hand C印刷机 machine for printing C出版社,通讯社 business for printing books or periodicals用作动词(v.)Please press the controller to turn the machine on.请按控制器来开机。Press this button in case of fire.遇火灾时按下此钮。用作名词(n.)He denied that he
5、had leaked the news to the press.他否认曾将这则消息泄漏给新闻界。The press has given the show a tremendous build-up.新闻界为这一演出大造声势。press aboutaround,round(v.+prep.)拥护在周围 crowd around sb press aboutaround,round sb The children pressed about her and made a ring.孩子们在她周围紧紧地围了一个圈。Crowds pressed around her trying to get he
6、r autograph.人群把她团团围住,争着请她签名。The fans pressed round the rock band.歌迷们把摇滚乐队团团围住。press against(v.+prep.)使贴着 push or thrust against press oneself/sth against sth The animal pressed itself against a tree trunk.那个动物将身子紧贴在树干上。She pressed her face against the glass.她把脸紧贴在玻璃上。The boy pressed his ear against
7、the door.那男孩把耳朵贴着门。paw n 脚爪英 p n.脚爪；爪子；手 v.以蹄扒；抓；粗鲁地摸；翻找 用作名词(n.)The dog pressed his paw on the latch to let himself in.那狗用脚爪按住门闩把自己放进来。The kitten has very soft paws.小猫的爪子很软。The dog gave a yelp when I trod on its paw.我踩了那狗的爪子，它嚎叫了一声。The dog was howling its paw was hurt.那条狗在嗥叫-它的爪子受伤了。查看更多 用作动词(v.)Th
8、e bull pawed the ground before charging.那头牛用蹄刨着地准备出击。The dog pawed at the bone.狗用爪子抓骨头。make a cats paw of 利用(某人)作为工具make sb to do sth Its evident that he wnats to make a cats paw of you.很明显,他是在利用你。latch n 门闩英 lt n.门闩；碰锁；弹簧锁 v.上闩；缠着；明白 用作名词(n.)Please leave the door latch shut.请把门闩上。The sound of the l
9、atch roused him.门闩的声音惊醒了他。Position the latch on the hood inner panel.把锁闩定位在引擎罩内板上。查看更多 用作动词(v.)This door wont latch properly.这门闩不牢。Dont forget to latch the door before you go to bed.睡觉前别忘了闩门。expert n 专家ekspt n.专家；能手 adj.熟练的；内行的 当expert作为形容词的时候，后面常接介词at或者in。He is expert at/in painting.他的专长是画画。当expert
10、用于名词后的时候，后面可接介词on，at或in。He is an expert on/at/in lung diseases.他是肺部疾病方面的专家。用作名词(n.)She is a reputable expert.她是个有声望的专家。According to expert opinions,they gave up the experiment immediately.根据专家们的意见，他们马上放弃了这项试验。He is an expert in unarmed combat.他是徒手格斗的能手。查看更多 用作形容词(adj.)The surgeon cut away the tumour
11、 with expert skill.外科大夫用熟练的技术把肿瘤切去。To her expert eye,the painting was terrible.她以内行的眼光看，这幅画糟透了。develop v 养成dvelp v.(动词)vt.&vi.开发,发展 increase or become larger or more complete vt.&vi.(使)成长,(使)发育,(使)发达 make(sb/sth)grow larger,fuller or more mature,organized vt.&vi.(照相)冲洗,显影 treat with chemicals so tha
12、t the picture can be seen用作动词(v.)Modern music was first developed in Italy.现代音乐最初是在意大利发展起来的。China cant develop in isolation from the rest of the world.中国的发展离不开世界。Plants develop from seeds,but many animals developed from eggs.植物由种子发育而成,而许多动物由卵子发育而来。Investors agreed to pool their resources to develop
13、the property.投资者们同意把大家的资源放在一起共同使用,来开发这块地产。We can develop your film in an hour.我们可以于一小时后把你的胶卷冲洗出来。How long will it take to develop these pictures?冲印这些照片要花多长时间?develop from(v.+prep.)从中长出来产生出,(使)由发展成 grow from develop from sth/v-ing The whole idea developed from a casual remark.整个想法都是从一句随便的话演变而来的。A blo
14、ssom develops from a bud.花朵由花蕾长成。This tall tree developed from a small seed.这棵大树是从一粒小小的种子长成的。A reduced standard of living will develop from increasing taxation and rising unemployment.捐税的增长和失业人数的上升将会导致生活水平的降低。develop sth from sth Develop the new from the old.推陈出新。Weve developed the project from an o
15、riginal idea by Stephen.我们根据斯蒂芬的设想制定了这个计划。用于 be ed 结构 Most of the citys factories were developed from small shops.这个城市的大多数工厂都是从小车间发展起来的。The book has been developed from a short story.这本书由一个短篇小说扩展而成。develop into(v.+prep.)develop into sb/sth Jane is developing into a fine figure of a young woman.简正发育成
16、一个身材苗条的女青年。I hope his eldest son may develop into a good man.我希望他的长子能成长为好人。That school developed into a college.那所中学发展成了一所大学。The city has developed into a centre of industry.这座城市已经发展成为一个工业中心。A small seed can develop into a tall tree.一粒小小的种子能长成一棵大树。Our little boys flu had developed into pneumonia.我们小
17、孩的流感已发展成肺炎了。Unhappy experiences in childhood often develop into violent and criminal tendencies in a man.童年时的不幸遭遇常常使一个人形成暴力和犯罪的倾向。The argument developed into a bitter quarrel.这场辩论逐渐变成了激烈的争吵。develop itself into sth This trifle developed itself into a serious problem.这件小事已发展成一个很严重的问题habit n 习惯(指个人习惯)h
18、bt n.(名词)CU习惯,习性 a tendency to behave in a particular way or do particular thing,especially regularly and repeatedly over a long period 用作名词(n.)He is in the habit of rising early.他有早起的习惯。I have to bear with his bad habit.我不得不忍受他的坏习惯。My colleague has broken off the habit of smoking.我的同事已经戒掉了吸烟的习惯。He
19、has a habit of sunbathe for two hours a day.他习惯每天做两小时日光浴。The honeysuckle has a twining habit.忍冬有盘绕的习性。be in the habit of 习惯于,有的习惯 have a tendency to behave in a particular way or do particular thing be in the habit of v-ing Are you in the habit of rising early?你有早起的习惯吗?It was impossible to discuss a
20、nything private over the telephone,as the operator was in the habit of listening in.在电话里不能谈私人的秘密,因为接线员有窃听电话的习惯。break the/ones habit(s)打破习惯 stop the habitYou must break your bad habit of interrupting a speaker.你必须改掉打断别人讲话的坏习惯。We must break the childs habit of biting his nails.我们必须使这个孩子改掉咬指甲的习惯。When a
21、 man comes to my age,habits are everything,and it is really dreadful to have to break your habits.当一个人到了我这个年龄的时候,习惯就是一切,如果一个人不得不打破习惯,那可真可怕。He is determined to break all the bad habits.他决心改掉所有坏习惯。form the/ones habit(s)养成习惯 start a habit ofIts true that once you formed the habit of smoking,youll find
22、it extremely difficult to get out of it.的确如此,一旦养成抽烟的习惯,要改掉是非常难的。The young worker has formed the habit of having every tool in its place.这位青年工人已习惯于把每一件工具放在应该放的位置。Children should form the good habits from the very beginning.孩子们从一开始就应养成良好的习惯。They need to form the habit of reading carefully.他们得养成仔细读书的习惯
23、。get into a/the habit 学会;养成习惯 learn or become accustomed to The boy has got into the habit of washing his hands before meals.那男孩已养成饭前洗手的习惯。John,however,had gotten into the habit of drinking too much liquor.可是,约翰已养成了酗酒的坏习惯。You should get into the habit of going to bed early and getting up early.你们应该养
24、成早睡早起的习惯。make a habit of 做(某事)成了习惯 do regularly;develop the habit of make a habit of v-ing He made a habit of taking a nap after lunch.他养成了午饭后小睡的习惯。pick up someany habits 染上的习惯 acquire or obtain by chance,or unexpectedly I dont want to pick up any bad habits from those people.我不想从那些人那里染上任何坏习惯。词汇搭配经典
25、引文 habit的详细讲解：remove v 拆掉,取下rmuv v.(动词)vt.移走;排除 take away from a place or take to another place;get rid of vi.迁移;移居 go to live or work in another place vt.开除 dismiss 用作动词(v.)He removed the mud from his shoes.他去掉鞋上的泥。How can we remove the husk of the grains?我们怎样去掉谷物的外皮？Come and remove your wet coat.过
26、来把你的湿上衣脱掉。That officer must be removed.那位官员必须免职。Our office has removed to Shanghai from Beijing.我们的办公室已从北京迁到上海。Our dog,Rex,used to sit outside our front gate and bark.wouldused to 过去常常 Every time he wanted to come into the garden he would bark until someone opened the gate.every time在这里为连词引导一个时间状语从句
27、，表示“每次”、“每当”，主句中的would表示过去的习惯性动作。用一般过去时的句子中它们经常连用：Every time we met,we would talk for a while.我们每次见面都要聊一会儿。Every time he came to the restaurant,he would first ask for a cup of tea.他每次到这个饭馆来，都是先要一杯茶。As the neighbours complained of the noise,my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the
28、latch to let himself in.（1）spend表示“在上花时间”时，后面如果跟名词则用介词on;如果跟动名词则用介词in（在口语中in往往省略）：Why dont you spend more time on studies?你为什么不在学习上再多花点时间呢？I spent two weeks(in)reading this book.我花了两星期的时间读这本书。（2）train的宾语是him,to press是宾语补足语，to let为目的状语。用作动词(v.)complain about(v.+prep.)complain against(v.+prep.)complai
29、n of(v.+prep.)complain to(v.+prep.)用作动词(v.)complain about(v.+prep.)抱怨,投诉 express an unfavourable opinion about complain about sth/v-ing I wish to complain about the washing machine that I bought last month;it stopped working again.我上个月买的那台洗衣机不能用了,我可要投诉它质量不佳了。He never complained about working overtim
30、e.他从来不因加班而抱怨。用于 be ed 结构 The food was complained about to the nurse.(人们)向护士投诉了伙食不好。complain against(v.+prep.)(向)申诉 say(sth)is wrong to(sb)complain against sb/sth I have to complain against him because of his rudeness.我不得不申诉他的无礼。She have to complain against the slight injuries.她不得不诉说这小伤害。complain of(
31、v.+prep.)抱怨,诉苦 say that(sth)is wrong;find fault complain of sth/v-ing He complained of being underpaid.他抱怨工资太低。She complained to me of his rudeness.她向我抱怨了他的粗鲁。Go to the teacher and complain of needing more time to do the work.去找老师诉诉苦,就说做作业的时间不够。He often complains of his memory.他常抱怨自己的记性不好。Ive got no
32、thing to complain of really.我真的没有什么可抱怨的。Mother is always complaining of not having enough time.母亲总是抱怨没有足够的时间。complain to(v.+prep.)向抱怨 say that sth is wrong to sb complain to sb Youll have to complain to Head Office if the washing machine stops working again.要是洗衣机再出毛病的话,你只好向总公司诉说了。Complain to the boy
33、s mother,not to me.找孩子他妈说去,别找我。complain to sb that-clause Mrs.Jones complained to the doctor that her back always hurts her.琼斯太太向医生诉说她背部老是痛。She complained to me that he had been rude to her.她向我诉说他曾对她有粗鲁的行为。Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate.expert表示“做/干的专家/高手”时后面通常用 at doing sth.;表示在某一领域是
34、“专家”、“权威”时可用介词in或on:John is an expert at driving a car.约翰是开车高手。She is an expert in flowers.她是花卉方面的专家。Sam is an expert on that problem.萨姆是研究那个问题的权威。用作副词(adv.)as soon as一就 when.at onceCome here as soon as you finish the work.工作一结束你就到这里来一趟。as soon as possible尽早,尽快 as quickly as possibleWe must pull our
35、 company out of the financial crisis as soon as possible.我们必须使公司尽早摆脱财政危机的困境。Please oblige me with a reply as soon as possible.请尽早给予答复。at the soonest 最快 with a shortest time I cant come until tomorrow,at the soonest.我最快也要到明天才能来。the sooner the better 越快越好 as quickly as possible She could make her deci
36、sion and the sooner the better.她可以作决定,越快好。no sooner.than 一就 when.at once I had no sooner lain down than the telephone rang.我刚躺下,电话铃就响了。sooner or later 迟早 certainly,although one cannot be sure when You will repent it sooner or later.你早晚要后悔的。If you drive like that,sooner or later youll have an acciden
37、t.你如果那样开车,迟早会出事的。However,when I was going out shopping last week,I noticed him in the garden near the gate.This time he was barking so that someone would let him out!连词so that引导的是目的状语从句 Please clear your toys off so that I can study.请把你的玩具清理一下以便我能学习。I study hard,so that I may not fail in the examina
38、tions.我用功，免得考不及格。We turned on the light so that we might see(=so as to see)what it was.我们把灯打开，以便看看它是什么。Bring it closer so that I may see it better.把它拿近点儿，让我看看仔细。They put a screen around his bed so that the doctor could examine him.他们在他床的四周放上屏风，以便医生给他检查。The term and condition are printed in very smal
39、l letter so that they are difficult to read.条款与条件是用很小的字体印刷的，以致难以阅读。She simplified the instructions so that the children could understand them.她简化了指令以便于儿童理解。Making something by hand has become the exception in many countries today-so much so that giving a homemade gift is sometimes considered extraor
40、dinary.当今用手做东西，在许多国家已经成为很特殊-如此地特殊，以致赠送自制礼物有时被认为是不寻常的。We made a strategic withdrawal,so that we could build up our forces for a renewed attack.我们作了一次战略性退却，以便我们能积蓄力量再次进攻。Since then,he has developed another bad habit.As soon as he opens the gate from the outside,he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts.Then he sits and barks until someone lets him out.After this he immediately lets himself in and begins barking again.Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed we have not seen him since.
