1、人教课标 高一 必修 1 Unit 1 She said that her name was Anne Frank and her family was Jewish.My name is Anne Frank and my family is Jewish.My family and I are hiding in Amsterdam.she and her family were hiding in Amsterdam.My only true friend is Kittymy diary.her only true friend was Kittyher diary.After hid
2、ing here for a long time,Ive become crazy about nature.She said that after hiding there for a long time,she had become crazy about nature.Anne said:“My name is Anne Frank and my family is Jewish.”(Direct speech)She said that she and her family were hiding in Amsterdam.(Indirect speech)引述别人的话语一般采用两种方
3、式引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:一是原封一是原封 不动地引用原话,把它放在引号内,这叫直接 引语(Direct speech);一是用自己的话加以转 述,这叫间接引语(Indirect speech).1.直接引语转变为间接引语时,从句由 that 引导,可省略;主句动词为一般将 来时或现在时,从句动词时态不变。1.She often says,“All men and women are equal under the law.”1.She often says(that)all men and women are equal under the law.2.“I like reading
4、 stories,”said John.John said that he liked reading stories.3.“I dont like cars,”Sarah said to him.Sarah told him that she didnt like cars.2.直接引语转变为间接引语时，人称要 进行相应变化；且主句动词为一般过 去时时，从句动词时态应为过去时的 相应时态。直接引语里的第一人称和第二人称，变间 接引语时，人称要做相应调整。1.She said:“I am hungry.”She said she was hungry.2.Mum said to me:“You
5、 can do it yourself.”Mum told me that I could do it myself.3.Mr.Smith said,“He is a good worker.Mr.Smith said that he was a good worker.1.1.人称的变化人称的变化 1.Jack said to me,“You look worried today.”Jack told me that _ looked worried that day.2.We said to her,“Theyre cleaning the room.”We told her that _
6、 were cleaning the room.3.Mr.Black said,“I have walked a long way.”Mr.Black said that _ had walked a long way.I they he 2.2.时态变化时态变化 直接引语变间接引语时，间接引语的时态要与主句的时态一致。He says:“I treat you as my son.”He says that he treats me as his son.1.主句为一般现在时,现在完成时或一般将来时的时候,间接引语时态不变。直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)一般现在时“I know it,”
7、he said.一般过去时 He said he knew it.2.当主句为过去时,从句要跟着相应的变化。现在进行时“Im making coffee for you all,”she said.过去进行时 She said she was making coffee for us all.直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语(变化后)现在完成时“I have seen her before,”said he.过去完成时 He said he had seen her before.现在完成进行时现在完成进行时 He said,“I have been doing it for hours.”过
8、去完成进行时 He said he had been doing it for hours.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)一般过去时“I saw her last Monday,”he said.过去完成时 He said he had seen her the previous Monday.过去进行时“I was waiting for Jim,”she said.过去完成进行时 She said she had been waiting for Jim.直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)一般将来时 He said:“We shall start tom
9、orrow.”过去将来时 He said they would start the next day.过去完成时“Rick had been ill for many days till he died.”Jack said.过去完成时 Jack said Rick had been ill for many days till he died.一般现在时 现在完成时 现在进行时 一般将来时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去进行时 过去将来时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去进行时 不变不变 1.“It is really cold,”she said to me.She told me
10、that it _ really cold.was 2.“I dont want to go there with Alice,”said Tom.Tom said that he _ want to go there with Alice.didnt 3.The boy said:“I will be a pilot.”The boy said that he _ a pilot.”would be 4.Tom said,“We are listening to music.”Tom said that they _ music.were listening to 5.Mike said,“
11、I have finished my homework.”Mike said _ his homework.he had finished 直接引语 间接引语 时 间 状 语 now today this week yesterday last week four days ago tomorrow next month the day after tomorrow the day before yesterday then that day that week the day before the week before four days before the next day the n
12、ext month in two days time two days before 3.3.其他变化其他变化 直接引语 间接引语 指示代词 地点状语 方向性动词 this that these those here there come go bring take They asked,“Is it easy to solve the problem?”They asked if/whether it is easy to solve the problem was They asked if it was easy to solve the problem.He asked,“When d
13、o you harvest the wheat?”He asked when you harvest the wheat.we harvested They asked when we harvested the wheat.疑问句变为间接引语时,除了要把疑问语序改为陈述语序,由whether/if 或特殊疑问词引导外,人称、时态和状语等也要作相应地变化。1.“I dont know the address of my new home,”said Anne.Anne said that she didnt know the address of her new home.2.“Ive got
14、 tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows,”Anne said to her father.Anne told her father that she had got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.3.“I need to pack up my things in the suitcase very quickly,”the girl said.4.“Why did you choose you
15、r diary and old letters?”her father asked her.The girl said that she needed to pack up her things in the suitcase very quickly.Her father asked her why had chosen her diary and old letters.5.Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.6.Margot asked her what else she had hid
16、den under her overcoat.“Are you very hot with so many clothes on?”Mother asked/said to her.“What else have you hidden under your overcoat?”Margot asked her.7.Anne asked her father when they would go back home.8.Father asked Anne why she had talked so much to that boy.“When shall we go back home?”Ann
17、e asked her father.“Why did you talk so much to that boy?”Father asked Anne.由直接引语转变为间接引语，下列情况时态不变:The teacher said that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.The teacher said:“Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.”1.不变的真理 2.经常的习惯：He said to the doctor,“I smoke two packs every
18、day.”He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.3.直接引语为一般过去时并且与具体时间状语连用：The teacher said,“I was born in 1945.”The teacher said she was born in 1945.4.部分情态动词,如 must,ought to,used to,had better 等：She said to me:“You must hurry up.”She said that I must hurry up.如果在当地转述如果在当地转述,here不必改为there,动
19、词 come 不必改为go。如果在当天转述述,yesterday/tomorrow 等时间状语也不必改变。A:You neednt come here tomorrow.B:What did she say?C:She said that you neednt come here tomorrow.1.The teacher asked the girl,“Why are you crying here?”The teacher asked the girl _ _ _ crying _.2.“When will the plane take off?”I wondered.I wondere
20、d _ _ _ _ _ _.why she was there when the plane would take off 3.“Have you seen our plane yourself?”he asked the boy.He asked the boy _ _ _ _ _ plane _.whether he had seen their himself 4.The teacher asked her,“Does the sun rise in the east?”The teacher asked her _ the sun _ in the east.whether rises Review the rules of direct speech and indirect speech.
