1、Leaning about LanguageDiscovering useful words and expressionsConsist vi.consist of=be made up of 由由组成组成Consist in 在于在于,存在存在之中之中1）The UK consists of four countries.The UK is made up of four countries.2）Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.3）The band Beatles ,which was very popular with the young pe
2、ople in the 1970s,consists of four talented men.4）What does happiness consist in?The colorful design _ sixty candles and a flag will appear on the People Square on October 1st.A.consists of B.consisting of C.to consist of D.consisted ofBdivide&separate1)请把这个班分成几个小组。请把这个班分成几个小组。Please divide the clas
3、s into several small groups.2)感染了非典的病人应该跟其他人隔离开来。感染了非典的病人应该跟其他人隔离开来。The patients infected with SARS should be separated from other people.3)As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends.A.separated B.divided C.lost D.puzzledpuzzle n/v puzzled a.puzzling a.1)n.难题难题,谜谜,迷惑迷惑,困惑困惑2)v.使使迷惑迷惑/困惑困惑I a
4、m in a puzzle about the matter.The question puzzled me.Im puzzled about what to do next.be in a puzzle about sthpuzzle oneself(ones brain)about sth=puzzle over sth 苦苦思索，为苦苦思索，为大伤脑筋大伤脑筋I am puzzling my brain about how to make my lesson lively and interesting.(1)I am _about the matter.(2)He listened w
5、ith a _ expression on his face.A.puzzled B.being puzzled C.puzzle D.puzzling(3)I am puzzled _ the question.(4)The girl looked at me with a _expression.Maybe the problem was quite _.A.puzzled;puzzling B.puzzling;puzzled C.puzzled;puzzled D.puzzling;puzzlingPractice:用用puzzle的适当形式填空的适当形式填空in a puzzle/p
6、uzzledAabout/byA Clarify v.使（某事物）清楚，澄清使（某事物）清楚，澄清 clarification n.to clarify a remark/statement/fact/the meaning of1)I will clarify my position/stand at a proper time.澄清立场澄清立场 2)I hope that what I say will clarify the misunderstanding.3)The moment he listened to his fathers words,his mind suddenly c
7、larified.Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well refer toWhen I said someone was stupid,I wasnt referring to youThis incident in his childhood is never again referred to.Please refer to the last page of the book for answers.指的是指的是提及提及参考参考 The two cities referred _ London and
8、 Paris.A.to is B.to are C.are We have _ all we set out to do.A(an)_dancer,cook,poet,scholar The painting is quite a(an)_.accomplish vt.finish and get a satisfying resultaccomplished adj.talented;skilledaccomplishment n.accomplishedaccomplishedaccomplishmentbreak down/away/in/into/out/off He _ from a
9、ll his old friends.The car _ after an hours driving.Her health _ under the pressure of work.Please dont _ on our conversation.Influenza usually _in winter.He _ in the middle of a sentence.broke awaybroke downbroke downbreak inbreaks outbroke offHowever,the southern part of Irelandwas unwilling and b
10、roke away to form its own government.break v.(broke,broken)break away 挣脱挣脱,逃脱；脱离逃脱；脱离,背叛背叛break down 抛锚抛锚,出故障出故障,身体垮了身体垮了break into 闯入闯入,突然发出突然发出break out (战争、瘟疫、火灾战争、瘟疫、火灾)爆发爆发break off 中断中断break the rules 违反规则违反规则break the records打破记录打破记录1)E-mail,as well as telephone,_ an important part in daily c
11、ommunication.A.is playing B.have played C.are playing D.play2)Miss Han,_ Mrs.Howe,speaks good French.They often talk in French.A.so well as B.as good as C.as well as D.so good as 3)John plays football _,if not better than,David.A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as6.To their credit the four
12、countries do work.credit n.信任；赞扬；信贷信任；赞扬；信贷;学分学分Do not give credit to her story.He bought the furniture on credit.He earned enough credits for his degreeto ones credit 值得赞扬值得赞扬 It is greatly/much to your credit that you gave back the money you found.1)We bought this house for its convenience.2)Pleas
13、e come at your convenience.3)The newly-built office building is equipped with many modern conveniences.4)Will the 3:50 train be convenient to you?convenience n.convenient adj.n.便利的设施便利的设施/设备设备(可数可数)n.方便方便/便利便利(不可数不可数)for convenience 为了方便为了方便 at ones convenience 在某人方便时在某人方便时convenient 主语通常是物而不是人主语通常是
14、物而不是人be convenient to/for sb(1)Come and see me whenever _.A.you are convenient B.you will be convenientC.it is convenient to you D.it was be convenient to you(2)Please come at your _.convenienceattraction n.attract v.attractive adj1)Do you know why Jay Zhous songs have such a great attraction for th
15、e young people?2)The idea of going to the moon holds little attraction for me.4）The film Twilight attracted a great number of young people to go the cinema to see it.3）scenic/tourist attraction(s)旅游胜地旅游胜地attraction of gravity 重力重力invader n.入侵者入侵者;侵略者侵略者invade vt.侵入侵入;侵略侵略;拥入拥入 invasion n.Hitler inva
16、ded Poland in 1939.希特勒希特勒1939年入侵波兰。年入侵波兰。Doubts invade my mind.满腹狐疑。满腹狐疑。Disease invaded the body.疾病侵袭身体。疾病侵袭身体。We suffered _ by Japanese in 1937.1937年我们遭到了日本的入侵。年我们遭到了日本的入侵。invasionworthwhile/worth/worthy adj1)It is worthwhile to visit/visiting Hangzhou which is a beautiful place.2)Hangzhou is a be
17、autiful place which is worth visiting.3)Thank you for your worthwhile suggestion.Thank you for your worth suggestion.worth:a.n./pron.(代词代词)/V-ing 只作表语不作定语只作表语不作定语 worthwhile a.to do sth./doing sth.既可作表语又可作定语既可作表语又可作定语1)The book is worth reading.=It is worth/worthwhile reading the book.2)Nursing is a
18、 very worthwhile job.3)We had a long wait,but it was worthwhile because we got the tickets.4)The exhibition is well worth a visit.5)He thinks teaching foreign language is worthwhile.worthwhile/worth We have worked together in harmony for many years,and I find it _ with them A.worthy of working B.use
19、less to work C.Worthy working D.worthwhile working8.Which country is left out?leave out 省去，不考虑，遗漏省去，不考虑，遗漏 They must decide what to leave out.She left out the date on the cheque.leave for 出发去出发去leave behind 留下，遗留留下，遗留 leave.alone 不管，不理，听其自然不管，不理，听其自然 leave to 留某事给留某事给.处理，委托处理，委托 Translate these sent
20、ences into Chinese.1.You can easily clarify any problems if you study British history.如果你学习了英国历史如果你学习了英国历史,很容易就能弄清楚任何问很容易就能弄清楚任何问题题.2.Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well.令人庆幸的是，当苏格兰的詹姆斯国王成为英格令人庆幸的是，当苏格兰的詹姆斯国王成为英格兰和威尔士的国王
21、时，这三个国家和平地实现了兰和威尔士的国王时，这三个国家和平地实现了联合。联合。3.However,the Southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government.4.Although the four countries do work together in some areas(for example,in international relations),they are still different.尽管这四个国家在某些方面尽管这四个国家在某些方面(如国际关系方如国际关系方面面
22、)是合作的是合作的,但他们还是不同的但他们还是不同的然而然而,爱尔兰的南部步愿意形成联合王国它分爱尔兰的南部步愿意形成联合王国它分离出去并建立了自己的政府。离出去并建立了自己的政府。5.However,these industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not have the historical attractions of other places.然而然而,这些在十九世纪建立起来的工业城市却没有这些在十九世纪建立起来的工业城市却没有其他地方所具有的历史魅力其他地方所具有的历史魅力.6.If you look around
23、 the British countryside,you will find evidence of all these invaders.如果你在英国的乡村四处走走的话如果你在英国的乡村四处走走的话,就会发现这些就会发现这些入侵者的痕迹入侵者的痕迹.7.You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom worthwhile.如果你想使你在英国的旅程有意义如果你想使你在英国的旅程有意义,你必须睁大你必须睁大双眼双眼.2)So to their surprise the th
24、ree countries found themselves united peacefully3)they were going to get Ireland connected to the other three1)Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.(过去分词作宾补过去分词作宾补)(宾语宾语)have/get/find/keep/make.+O.+P.P.动宾关系动宾关系(被动被动)Past participles used as the object complement什么是宾语补足语？什
25、么是宾语补足语？英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。这要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有：类常用的及物动词有：make,consider,cause,see,find,call,get,have,let ect.Ex.We think him clever.What he said made me angry.We consider the answer correct.Everyone calls him Tom.(宾语宾语)(宾补宾补)宾语补足语的表现形式：宾语补足语的
26、表现形式：带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词某些及物动词（如（如make等）等）+直接宾语（名直接宾语（名词或代词）词或代词）+宾语补足语宾语补足语宾语补足语的宾语补足语的9种表示法：种表示法：1.His father named him Tom.2.They painted their house white.3.You mustnt force him to lend his money to you.Nobody noticed him enter the room.4.We saw her entering the room.(名词名词)(形容词形容词
27、)（不定式）（不定式）（不定式短语）（不定式短语）(现在分词或其短语现在分词或其短语)5.We must get the work finished by 10 oclock.6.We take English as a useful tool for research work.7.Whenever you may go,you will find him at work.8.Let the fresh air in.9.The plant has its own name.You cannot call it what you will.(过去分词过去分词)（介词短语）（介词短语）（介词短
28、语）（介词短语）（副词）（副词）(从句从句)1.(2004全国卷）全国卷）Helen had to shout _ above the sound the music.A.making herself hear B.to make herself hear C.making herself heard D.to make herself heard.2.(2004,重庆卷重庆卷)Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents_.A.worried B.to worr
29、y C.worrying D.worryDA高考链接3.(2000,全国卷全国卷)The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see_ the next year.A.carry out B.carrying out C.carried out D.to carry out 4.(1996,全国卷全国卷)It is wise to have some money_ for old age.A.put away B.kept up C.given away D.laid upCA用过去分词充当宾语补足语用过去分词充当宾语补足语1
30、.过去分词作宾语补足语，过去分词作宾语补足语，表示其动作已经完成表示其动作已经完成或结束或结束。能用宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及。能用宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，物动词，表示被动意义或已完成的意义表示被动意义或已完成的意义，有时候，有时候两者兼而有之。两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象对象。Eg.After waking up,I found everyone gone.The speaker raised her voice to make herself
31、heard.They found their new bikes stolen.过去分词不仅可以作动词宾语的补足语，还过去分词不仅可以作动词宾语的补足语，还可以作介词宾语的补足语：可以作介词宾语的补足语：Eg.The murderer was brought in,with his hands tied behind his back,With the homework finished,he was allowed to watch the football match.1.1.过去分词用在表示状态的动词过去分词用在表示状态的动词 find find 等的后面。等的后面。2.过去分词用在使役
32、动词过去分词用在使役动词have,make,keep,leave 的后面。的后面。They kept the door locked for a long time.Dont leave the windows broken like this all the time.（1 1）注意）注意”have+宾语宾语+过去分词过去分词”的两种用法的两种用法：表示让某人做某事，如：表示让某人做某事，如：I have had my bike repaired.The villagers had many trees planted just then.表示表示“遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击遭遇到某种不幸；受
33、到打击”等。等。如：如：My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.The old man had his wrist broken in the accident.(2)(2)”make+宾语宾语+过去分词过去分词”，在这种结构中，在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的，如过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的，如：I raised my voice to make myself heard.They managed to make themselves understood using very simple E
34、nglish.3.3.过去分词用在感官动词过去分词用在感官动词watch,notice,see,hear,listen to,feel,等的后面等的后面 当我们到学校时，我们看见门锁着。当我们到学校时，我们看见门锁着。When we got to school,we saw the door locked.我们可以听到大雨点敲打窗户的声音。我们可以听到大雨点敲打窗户的声音。We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.4.4.过去分词用在过去分词用在want,wish,like,expect,order等表示等表示“希望，愿望，命
35、令希望，愿望，命令”这一类这一类动词的后面作宾语补足语。动词的后面作宾语补足语。The teacher wouldnt like the problem discussed at the moment.老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。我想要这套衣服照他自己的尺寸做。我想要这套衣服照他自己的尺寸做。I want the suit made to his own measure.我父母希望我好好准备入学考试。我父母希望我好好准备入学考试。My parents expected me to be well-prepared for the entrance examination
36、.5.5.过去分词用在过去分词用在“with+with+宾语宾补宾语宾补”这一结构中，这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。小偷被带进来了，双手被绑在后面。小偷被带进来了，双手被绑在后面。The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花，他的房子看上去就像周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花，他的房子看上去就像一座漂亮的花园。一座漂亮的花园。With many brightly-coloured flowers planted around the building,his
37、house looks like a beautiful garden.用所给单词的正确形式填空用所给单词的正确形式填空1.What he had said made me _.（surprise）2.There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light.(follow)3.My glasses are broken.Ill have to get them _.(repair)4.With her finger _ to the broken vase,my mother asked me,“Who did that?”(point)5
38、.The doctor warned him _ only food after the operation.(not eat)Practise:surprisedfollowingrepairedpointingnot to eat1.The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see_ the next year.A.carry out B.carrying C.carried out D.to carry out2.Mrs.Brown was very disappointed to see the washing mac
39、hine she had had_ went wrong again.A.it B.it repairedC.repaired D.to be repairedCC3.In the past few years,we have had thousands of trees_ around out school.A.plant B.planted c.planting D.being planted4.Is this the recorder you want _?A.to have repaired B.to repaired C.to have it repaired D.it repair
40、ed5.She was glad to see her child well _ care of.A.take B.to be taken C.taken D.takingBAC6.The result of the entrance exams was not made _ to the public until last Thursday.A.knowing B known C.to know D.to be known7.He found them _ at table_.A.sat;to play chess B.sitting;to play chess C.seated;playi
41、ng chess D.seat;play the chessBC8.I can make you _ what I say,but you cant make yourself _ in English.A.understand;understand B.understand;understoodC.to understand;understand D.understand;to be understoodB9.The girl asked him not to leave the door _.A.to close B.closed C.to be closed D.closing10.I
42、have often heard the ABC song_,but I have never heard Alice _ it.A.to be sung;to sing B.being sung;sangC.sung;sing D.sang;singingBCDC11.They use computers to keep the traffic _ smoothly.A.being run B run C.to run D.running12.The manager promised to keep me _ of how our business was going on.A.to be
43、informed B.on informingC.informed D.informing13.I cant see my old grandparents _ alone in the country,so I will have them _ with me in the city at present.A.leave;stay B.left;stayC.leaving;to stay D.left;to stay14.In the reading room,we found her _ at a desk,with her attention _ on a bookA.Sitting;fixing B.sit;fixedC.sitting;to be fixed D.seated;fixedBD
