1、Unit 4 Careers in Tourism and Hospitality Skills focusSkills focusReadingReading identifying topic development within a paragraph using the Internet effectively evaluating Internet search resultsWritingWriting reporting research findingsVocabulary focusVocabulary focus computer jargon abbreviations
2、and acronyms job titles discourse and stance markers verb and noun suffixes4.1 Vocabulary4.2 Reading4.3 Extending skills4.4 Extending skillsA A Study the words in box a.1 Which words or phrases relate to computers and the Internet?Which relate to books and libraries?Find two groups of words.2 Find p
3、airs of words and phrases with similar meanings,one from each group.3 Check your ideas with the Research words box on the opposite page.4.1 VocabularyA A Study the words in box a.4.1 VocabularyCommon word or Common word or phrase for printed phrase for printed informationinformationResearch word or
4、phrase Research word or phrase bookselectronic resourcesindexsearch engine resultscross-conferencehyperlinkcataloguedatabaselibraryWorld Wide Webtable of contentsmenulook upbrowse/searchpageweb pageopenlog in/log oncloseexit/log offModel answers:B B Complete the instructions for using the Learning R
5、esource Centre with words or phrases from box a.4.1 Vocabulary4.1 VocabularyB B Complete the instructions for using the Learning Resource Centre with words or phrases from box a.Learning Resource CentreLearning Resource CentreInstructions for use:You need to find out about careers in tourism,hospita
6、lity and leisure.If you want to access web pages on the ,you must first _ to the university Intranet with your username and password.You can use any ,but the default is Google._ for web pages by typing one or more keywords in the search box and clicking on SearchSearch or pressing EnterEnter.When th
7、e results appear,click on a (highlighted in blue)to go to the web page.Click on BackBack to return to the results listing.You can also use the university of learning resources.Click on Careers in TourismCareers in Tourism on the main .World Wide Web log in search engine Browse/Search hyperlinkdataba
8、semenu1 What do the abbreviations in box b refer to?2 What do the abbreviation in box c refer to?C C Study the abbreviations in box b and box c.4.1 VocabularyThey are all to do with jobs/job titles.They are all to do with tourism mostly with holidays.3 What does each abbreviation mean?4 Read Career
9、update and Tourism Abbreviations on the opposite page.Check your ideas.5 How do you say each of the abbreviations?C C Study the abbreviations in box b and box c.4.1 VocabularyC C Study the abbreviations in box b and box c.4.1 VocabularyAnswers to Q1CEOCEOCFOCFOCOOCOODOODOOGMGMHRDHRDMDMDchief executi
10、ve officerchief financial officerchief operations officerdirector of operationsgeneral managerhuman resources directormanaging directorC C Study the abbreviations in box b and box c.4.1 VocabularyAnswers to Q2AITAITAPDAPDARRARRB&BB&BBABABABAF&BF&Bair inclusive tourair passenger dutyaverage room rate
11、 bed and breakfastbook-a-bed-aheadfood and beverageC C Study the abbreviations in box b and box c.4.1 VocabularyAnswers to Q2(F)IT(F)ITQAQAT&TT&TTIC/PTIC/PVATVAT(fully)inclusive tourquality assurancetourism and traveltourism information centre/pointvalue added tax1 What do all these acronyms refer t
12、o?4.1 VocabularyD D Study the acronyms in box d.2 What does each acronym mean?3 Check the meanings on the Internet.4 How do you say each of the acronyms?They are all associations connected with tourism.See See Vocabulary bankVocabulary bank4.1 VocabularyD D Study the acronyms in box d.Answers to Q2&
13、Q4ACEACEANTORANTORBATOBATOETOURETOURNAITANAITAVISTAVISTAAssociation for Conferences and EventsAssociation of National Tourist Office RepresentativesBritish Association of Tourism OfficersEuropean Tourism Research InstituteNational Association of Independent Travel AgentsVision for Industry in Sustai
14、nable Tourism Action/eis/nt:(r)/btu/i:tu/nait/vist/An abbreviationabbreviation is a shorter version of something.For example,PC/pi:si:/is an abbreviation for personal computer.An acronymacronym is similar to an abbreviation,but it is pronounced as a word.For example,ALVA/lv/is the Association of Lea
15、ding Visitor Attractions.We normally write an abbreviation or acronym with capital letterscapital letters,although the full words have lower case letters.Understanding abbreviations and acronymsUnderstanding abbreviations and acronymsVocabulary bankVocabulary bankWe pronouncepronounce the vowel lett
16、ers in abbreviationsabbreviations in this way:Understanding abbreviations and acronymsUnderstanding abbreviations and acronymsVocabulary bankVocabulary bankWe normally pronouncepronounce the vowel letters in acronymsacronyms in this way:A/ei/E/i:/I/ai/O/u/U/ju:/A/E/e/I/i/O/U/Noun 1Noun 1VerbVerbNoun
17、 2Noun 2classcomputerdigitidentitymachineE E Study the nouns in box e.1 Make a verb from each noun.2 Make another noun from the verb.4.1 VocabularyclassifyclassificationcomputerizecomputerizationdigitizedigitizationidentifyidentificationmechanizemechanizationSee See Vocabulary bankVocabulary bankSuf
18、fixes for verbsSuffixes for verbsThere are some common verb suffixes.Examples:Examples:Common suffixesCommon suffixesVocabulary bankVocabulary bankizecomputerizeifyidentifyateaccommodateWhen you learn a new noun or adjective,find out how you can make it into a verb.Suffixes for nounsSuffixes for nou
19、nsThere are many suffixes for nouns.But verbs ending in ize,ify and ate form nouns with ation.Common suffixesCommon suffixesVocabulary bankVocabulary bankVerbVerbNounNounizeizationcomputerizationifyificationidentificationateationaccommodationExamples:Examples:1 What careers do you associate with the
20、 tourism,hospitality and leisure industry?There is a wide range of possible careers.Some were mentioned in Lesson 1 but encourage students to extend the list with as many job names as they can think of.Categorize them on the board into Tourism/travel,Hospitality and Leisure.2 There are more jobs in
21、this industry now than twenty years ago.What development in society has caused this?Travel has become possible for a much larger number of people now,compared with 20 years ago.More people have more spare time,and earn more money to spend on travel.Technology allows easy access to travel arrangement
22、s and shorter travel and return times.3 How can you succeed in this industry?A A Discuss these questions.4.2 ReadingOpen-ended1 What exactly does it mean?Careering means moving fast and sometimes erratically;uphill refers to the concept of the career ladder.Uphill is also associated with a struggle
23、it was an uphill task.The title refers to the fact that it is possible in the sector to develop a career quickly and achieve many things,but you have to work hard.2 What would you like to know about this topic?Make a list of questions.Possible questions:What types of jobs are there?How can I qualify
24、 for jobs?Where can I find information?How big is the employment market?What kind of person do I need to be?B B Look at the title of the text on the opposite page.4.2 Reading4.2 ReadingC C One Student wrote down ideas about careers before reading the text on the opposite page.1 Write A A(I agree),D
25、D(I disagree)or?(Im not sure)next to the ideas on the right.2 Add any other ideas you have.4.2 ReadingD D Read all the topic sentences.1 What is the structure of this text?Choose Structure A or B.Text structure A.Structure AStructure B4.2 Reading2 What do you expect to find in each paragraph?Predict
26、ed ContentPredicted ContentPara 1Para 2Para 3Para 4What people think the industry is likeWhat types of jobs there are,how jobs differ from those in other sectorsWhat kind of person you need to be in order to succeed in the industryWhat you need to do to start a career in the industryD D Read all the
27、 topic sentences.4.2 ReadingE E Read the text and check your predictions.Teaching tips:Set the reading.Students should make notes on the differences between their predictions and the text.4.2 ReadingF F Discuss these questions.1People perceive the industry in a certain way.What is the effect of that
28、 perception?The effect of the perception is that people think the tourism market is one packed with fun or glamorous jobs like chefs or fitness instructors.The reality is different and there are many ordinary jobs as well as jobs that you would at first perhaps not associate with the industry,such a
29、s marketing agents,event planners,museum curators,accountants,etc.2What characteristics does employment in this industry generally have?It is mobile;skills are transferable;it is worldwide;it allows quick career development;it allows for flexibility in working hours;there are many benefits(like disc
30、ounts,etc.).3Which ways into a career are described in the article?Ways:get a job(and take an in-company training course or part-time course)do an apprenticeship/traineeship do a college course 4.2 ReadingG G Topics sometimes develop inside a paragraph.1 Does the topic develop in each paragraph of t
31、he text?If so,underline the word or words which introduce the change.2 What is the effect of the word or words on the development of the topic?See See Skills bankSkills bank.4.2 ReadingDiscourse Discourse markermarkerStance markerStance markerEffectEffectPara 1to draw a conclusion(and encourage the
32、reader to agree)G G Topics sometimes develop inside a paragraph.Obviouslyto inform the reader that the writer knows the reader is aware of these jobs as part of tourism Butto show contrast(yes,these careers of these are part of the industry but there are more)to compare with what went before(tourism
33、 isnt just about travel agents,hospitality is not just about hotels)Needless to sayIn the same wayModel answers:4.2 ReadingDiscourse Discourse markermarkerStance markerStance markerEffectEffectPara 2to introduce a description and sum up G G Topics sometimes develop inside a paragraph.For one thingMo
34、reoverto highlight a positive aspect:not only do the skills transfer to other jobs,they apply worldwideto introduce an additional point to introduce a description and sum up FortunatelyAlsoModel answers:4.2 ReadingDiscourse Discourse markermarkerStance markerStance markerEffectEffectPara 3to acknowl
35、edge that there is a strong appeal,implicitly introducing a contrast(which is touched upon in the next sentence)G G Topics sometimes develop inside a paragraph.Certainlyto indicate contrast/disagreement Butto explain what an environment focused on the customer actually means to indicate that the wri
36、ter believes this is obviousIt goes without sayingThis meansModel answers:4.2 ReadingDiscourse Discourse markermarkerStance markerStance markerEffectEffectPara 4to refer back,and show that the writer is not surprised G G Topics sometimes develop inside a paragraph.Not surprisinglyto indicate that th
37、e writer is about to ask a question or make a statement Soto introduce further explanation and development of ideas to express contrast(indicating that qualifications are not all that counts:personality is equally important)AlternativelyhoweverModel answers:Developing ideas in a paragraphDeveloping
38、ideas in a paragraphSkills Skills bankbank Introducing the topicIntroducing the topic Developing the topicDeveloping the topicDeveloping ideas in a paragraphDeveloping ideas in a paragraphSkills Skills bankbankIntroducing the topicIntroducing the topicIn a text,a new paragraph new paragraph signals
39、the start of a new topica new topic.The topic is given in the topic sentencetopic sentence,which is at or near the beginning of the paragraph.The topic sentence gives the topictopic,and also makes a comment comment about the topic.Developing ideas in a paragraphDeveloping ideas in a paragraphSkills
40、Skills bankbankExample:Example:Tourism-related employment is different from many other employment sectors.Here tourism-related employment is the topic.topic.The comment comment is that it is different from many other employment sectors.The sentences that follow then expand or explain the topic sente
41、nce.Example:Example:For one thing,tourism is a highly mobile industry.Developing ideas in a paragraphDeveloping ideas in a paragraphSkills Skills bankbankDeveloping the topicDeveloping the topicA paragraph is normally about the same basic topic(the“unity”principle).However,often the ideas developdev
42、elop beyond the comment in the topic sentence.Example:Example:Moreover,a large number of people work on a part-time basis.This sentence introduces a development extending employment in the tourism industry from full-time to part-time.Topic developments may be contrasts,comments,additional informatio
43、n,etc.Developing ideas in a paragraphDeveloping ideas in a paragraphSkills Skills bankbankDeveloping the topicDeveloping the topicDevelopment is often shown by:a discourse markera discourse marker:but,however,etc.a stance markera stance marker:unfortunately,sadly,needless to say,etc.Discourse marker
44、s Discourse markers generally make a connection between the previous information and what comes next.They mainly introduce contrasts contrasts or additional informationadditional information.Stance markers Stance markers show the attitudeattitude of the writer to the information,i.e.,whether he/she
45、is surprised,pleased,unhappy,etc.,about the information.Recording and reporting findingsRecording and reporting findingsSkills Skills bankbankWhen you do research,record information about the source.Refer to the source when you report your findings.Examples:Examples:As Drucker suggests in his 2001 a
46、rticle in the Economist,According to Kotler,Bowen and Makens in their book Marketing for Hospitality and Tourism(2006),Morrison(2002)states that As the writer of the article on The Guardian Unlimited(March 4,2008)says,You should give the full information about the source in your reference list or bi
47、bliography.For more information about this,see Unit 10 Skills bankSkills bank.A A Discuss these questions.1 You want to find out about careers in tourism,hospitality and leisure.Where would you look for the information?Why?Research can either be done online or in libraries,etc.Recruitment websites h
48、ave actual information about positions.Academic journals are useful for the latest trends and HR developments.Tourism,hospitality or leisure journals are very useful,as recent articles give the latest information.The Internet is good if the correct keywords are used and a careful selection of result
49、s is made.Textbooks are useful if up-to-date,but books take time to publish,so even the latest may be out of date in these fast-moving times.4.3 Extending skillsA A Discuss these questions.2 What keywords would you use to make this search?Why?In this list of possible keywords,the boldbold ones are o
50、bvious starting points;others are also possible.4.3 Extending skillscareerscareersemploymentemploymenttrainingrecruitmentrecruitmentdevelopmentvery specific to the taskthis year(the years date)tourismtourismhospitalityhospitalityleisureleisuretravelspecific to the areajournaljournals give the latest
