1、How to teach English phoneticsin junior secondary schools初中英语语音教学责任专家：刘道义H o w t o t e a c h E n g l i s h p h o n e t i c sQuestions for discussion(Questions for discussion(思考题）思考题）Why teach phonetics Why teach phonetics 为什么教语音？为什么教语音？What kind of accent to teach What kind of accent to teach 教哪种英语语
2、音？教哪种英语语音？What to teach What to teach 语音教学包含哪些内容？语音教学包含哪些内容？When to teach phonetics When to teach phonetics 何时安排语音教学？何时安排语音教学？How to teach phonetics How to teach phonetics 怎样教语音？怎样教语音？Q u e s t i o n s f o r d i s c u s s i o n (思考题）思考题）Why teach phonetics Why teach phonetics 为什么教语音？为什么教语音？To help l
3、ay a good foundation for learning To help lay a good foundation for learning English vocabularyEnglish vocabulary 语音为词汇学习打基础语音为词汇学习打基础 To help with listening and speaking To help with listening and speaking 语音影语音影响听说响听说 To affect reading and writing To affect reading and writing 语音影响读写语音影响读写Wh y t e
4、 a c h p h o n e t i c s 为什么教语音？为什么教语音？T o Why teach phonetics Why teach phonetics 为什么教语音？为什么教语音？To build up studentsconfidence in To build up studentsconfidence in learning English learning English 好语音能增强学习英语好语音能增强学习英语的信心的信心 To improve intelligibility To improve intelligibility 语音影响表意语音影响表意 To crea
5、te a favorable impressionTo create a favorable impression 语音语音影响形象影响形象Wh y t e a c h p h o n e t i c s 为什么教语音？为什么教语音？T o Why is teaching phonetics Why is teaching phonetics importantimportant?What What problemsproblems do students have with do students have with English pronunciation?English pronunc
6、iation?Using the wrong soundUsing the wrong sound Making long vowels shortMaking long vowels short Leaving sounds outLeaving sounds outWh y i s t e a c h i n g p h o n e t i c s i mp oWhy is teaching phonetics Why is teaching phonetics importantimportant?Adding soundsAdding sounds Putting stress on
7、the wrong syllable in a Putting stress on the wrong syllable in a wordword Putting stress on the wrong word in a Putting stress on the wrong word in a sentencesentence Using the wrong intonation pattern Using the wrong intonation pattern (G.Poedjosoedarmo,2019 (G.Poedjosoedarmo,2019)Wh y i s t e a c
8、 h i n g p h o n e t i c s i mp oWhat kind of accent to teach What kind of accent to teach 教哪种英语语音？教哪种英语语音？What are the main varieties of English What are the main varieties of English accent?accent?SSBSSB(Standard Southern British)rather (Standard Southern British)rather than than RPRP(Received Pro
9、nunciation)(Received Pronunciation)GAGA(General American)(General American)Wh a t k i n d o f a c c e n t t o t e a c h 教教What kind of accent to teach What kind of accent to teach 教哪种英语语音？教哪种英语语音？Which accent should we teachWhich accent should we teach？Either SSB or GA as a basisEither SSB or GA as
10、a basisBetter to Better to expose students to a variety expose students to a variety of accentsof accents,so that they will be able to,so that they will be able to understand most people they meet.understand most people they meet.Wh a t k i n d o f a c c e n t t o t e a c h 教教What to teach What to t
11、each 语音教学包含哪些内容？语音教学包含哪些内容？What is required in the Curriculum What is required in the Curriculum Standards?Standards?1.Pronunciation of 1.Pronunciation of 26 letters26 letters a,e,i(y),o,u in stressed/unstressed a,e,i(y),o,u in stressed/unstressed syllablessyllables Vowel combinations in stressed sy
12、llablesVowel combinations in stressed syllables Common vowel combinations in stressed Common vowel combinations in stressed syllablessyllablesWh a t t o t e a c h 语音教学包含哪些内容？语音教学包含哪些内容？Wh a t What to teach What to teach 语音教学包含哪些内容？语音教学包含哪些内容？Consonant combinations(ch,dg,th,Consonant combinations(ch,
13、dg,th,tch,ph,ng,nk)tch,ph,ng,nk)Consonant clusters(bl-,cl-,fl-,gl-,Consonant clusters(bl-,cl-,fl-,gl-,br-,cr-,sm-,sp-,pr-,qu-)br-,cr-,sm-,sp-,pr-,qu-)Syllabic soundsSyllabic sounds(ble,-ple,-cle,-gle,(ble,-ple,-cle,-gle,-dle,-sin,-ten,-ven)-dle,-sin,-ten,-ven)Wh a t t o t e a c h 语音教学包含哪些内容？语音教学包含哪些
14、内容？C o n s o2.Word stress and sentence 2.Word stress and sentence stressstress3.Sound variation3.Sound variation liaison liaison（连读）incomplete explosive incomplete explosive weak form weak form assimilation assimilation（同化）What to teach What to teach 语音教学包含哪些内容？语音教学包含哪些内容？2.Wo r d s t r e s s a n d
15、s e n t e n c e s4.Intonation and rhythm4.Intonation and rhythm sense group and pausing sense group and pausing rising and falling tones rising and falling tones rhythmrhythmWhat to teach What to teach 语音教学包含哪些内容？语音教学包含哪些内容？4.I n t o n a t i o n a n d r h y t h mWh a t t5.5.Use of pronunciation,into
16、nation,stress and Use of pronunciation,intonation,stress and rhythm in oral communicationrhythm in oral communication6.Pronunciation and enunciation skills in reading 6.Pronunciation and enunciation skills in reading aloud and speechesaloud and speeches7.English pronunciation differences in major 7.
17、English pronunciation differences in major English speaking countries(mainly taught in English speaking countries(mainly taught in senior high school)senior high school)What to teach What to teach 语音教学包含哪些内容？语音教学包含哪些内容？U s e o f p r o n u n c i a t i o n,i n t o n a t iPhonic workPhonic workWithout
18、learning phonetic symbols Without learning phonetic symbols（IPAIPA）直拼法）直拼法 Letters have sounds.(24)Letters have sounds.(24)Sounds make up words.Sounds make up words.Letters combine in syllables to make words.Letters combine in syllables to make words.C CV VC CV VC CC CV VC CE E CC CCV VC CC CVVVVC C
19、C CV VCC,CC,etcetc P h o n i c w o r kWi t h o u t l e a r n i n g pPhonic workPhonic workWithout learning phonetic symbols Without learning phonetic symbols（IPAIPA）直拼法）直拼法Many words follow a regular pattern,Many words follow a regular pattern,but many dont.but many dont.Connect spelling with pronun
20、ciation Connect spelling with pronunciation 听其音知其形，见其形知其音听其音知其形，见其形知其音P h o n i c w o r kWi t h o u t l e a r n i n g pLetters have soundsLetters have soundsA a H h J j K kE e B b C c D d G g P p T t V vI i Y yO oU u Q q W w F f L l M m N n S s X x Z z R rL e t t e r s h a v e s o u n d s A a H h 方法
21、一：掐头法学读音方法一：掐头法学读音 读下列辅音字母名称音，将其第读下列辅音字母名称音，将其第一个音去掉，余下的音一个音去掉，余下的音 即为该字母在单词中的读音。即为该字母在单词中的读音。Ff/ef/Ll/el/Mm/em/Nn/en/Ss/es/Xx/eks/f/l/m/n/s/ks/Example 1 案例一方法一：掐头法学读音方法一：掐头法学读音 读下列辅音字母名称音，将其第一个音去读下列辅音字母名称音，将其第一个音去读下列辅音字母名称音，将其后面的音去掉，余下读下列辅音字母名称音，将其后面的音去掉，余下的音的音 即为该字母在单词中的读音。即为该字母在单词中的读音。Zz/zi:/Vv/v
22、i:/Bb/bi:/Dd/di:/Cc/si:/Jj/d3eI/Pp/pi:/Kk/keI/Tt/ti:/b/s/k/d/d3/k/p/t/v/z/方法二：去尾法学音素方法二：去尾法学音素读下列辅音字母名称音，将其后面的音去掉，余下的音读下列辅音字母名称音，将其后面的音去掉，余下的音 即为该即为该Gg Hh Yy Ww Rr读下列辅音字母在单词中的读音与汉语拼音读下列辅音字母在单词中的读音与汉语拼音g，h，y，w，r有相似之处，注意不要混淆。有相似之处，注意不要混淆。egg 鸡蛋鸡蛋hen 母鸡母鸡yes 是的是的well 好的好的red 红色的红色的/g/h/j/w/r/eg/hen/jes
23、/wel/red/方法三：对比法学读音方法三：对比法学读音G g H h Y y Ww R r 读下列辅音字母在单词中的读下列辅音字母在单词中的Teach phonetic symbols Teach phonetic symbols（IPAIPA）教音标）教音标Vowels andVowels and consonantsconsonants元音和辅音的读音示范元音和辅音的读音示范 有声版国际音标表T e a c h p h o n e t i c s y mb o l s （I P A）教音）教音a,e,i(y),o,u in stressed syllablesa,e,i(y),o,u
24、in stressed syllables Open CloseOpen Closea a n na ame/e/mme/e/ma ap/p/e e w we e/i:/w/i:/we et/e/t/e/i i h hi i/a/h/a/hi it/t/(y y)wh)why y/a/ph/a/phy ysics/sics/o o n no ote/nte/no ot/t/u u fl flu ute/u:/flte/u:/flu ush/sh/a,e,i (y),o,u i n s t r e s s e d a,e,i,o,u,y in unstressed syllablesa,e,i,
25、o,u,y in unstressed syllables/a aboutboutb ba anannana ahundrhundre ed dparpare entntAprApri il l pencpenci il lsecseco ondndt to odaydayAugAugu ust st s su uccessccess/orora angengevillvilla agegesecrsecre et te elevenleventourtouri iststEnglEngli ish sh LilLily y fortforty ya,e,i,o,u,y i n u n s t
26、 r e s s e dVowel letter combinations in stressed syllablesVowel letter combinations in stressed syllablesR-syllablesR-syllablesar ar /:/:/arart ct carar f farar h harard gd garardendener er /:/h/:/her er h herers ts tererm nm nererve sve sererviceviceir ir /:/s/:/sir ir b bir ird gd gir irl fl fir
27、irm thm thir irty tyor or /:/:/or or f for or t tororn mn mororn fn fororty ty ur ur /:/:/ururge fge fur ur h hururt nt nururse tse tururningning V o w e l l e t t e r c o mb i n a t i o n s i n sVowel letter&vowel letter combinations in stressed Vowel letter&vowel letter combinations in stressed sy
28、llablessyllables元音字母及其字母组合在重读音节中的读音元音字母及其字母组合在重读音节中的读音/i:i:/e ea ee i iee ea ee i ie b be e eaeach fch feeeel poll poli ice fce fie ield ld/i ei e b bi it t E Englandngland/e e/e e ea ea a a b be est hst heaead md ma anyny/a a b ba ank nk/u u o o b bu ut ct co ome me lovelove fr fro ont mnt mo other
29、therV o w e l l e t t e r&v o w e l l e t t e r c oVowel letter&vowel letter combinations Vowel letter&vowel letter combinations in stressed syllablesin stressed syllables/:/or ore oor our al ar or ore oor our al ar b bororn mn moreore d door oor f fourour c cal all wl war ar au aw ou(gh)au aw ou(gh
30、)c cauause drse draw aw br broughought t/:/a(n)a(s)a(th)al ar aua(n)a(s)a(th)al ar au d da ance clnce cla ass fss fa ather hther hal alf ff fararm m auauntnt/ee/a ai ay eigha ai ay eigh c ca age rge rai ain Mn Mayay eigheight t/aa/i ie igh yi ie igh y h hi ike dke die ie l lighight flt fly y/o o o(l
31、d)o(st)oa owo(ld)o(st)oa ow h ho ope hpe ho old mld mo ost rst roaoad grd growowV o w e l l e t t e r&v o w e l l e t t e r c oVowel letter&vowel letter combinations Vowel letter&vowel letter combinations in stressed syllablesin stressed syllables/:/er ir ur or earer ir ur or ear c cerertain ftain f
32、irsirst tt tururn wn worord d earearly ly/u oo ou u oo ou full foot could full foot could/u:u:/u o oo ew u o oo ew bl blu ue me mo ove cve cooool fll flewew/ju:ju:/u ewu ew u use nse newew/o a o a cr cro op wp wa antntV o w e l l e t t e r&v o w e l l e t t e r c oVowel letter&vowel letter combinati
33、ons Vowel letter&vowel letter combinations in stressed syllablesin stressed syllables/aa/ou owou ow c couount brnt browown n/oi oyoi oy c coi oin tn toyoy/ea ear eer ereea ear eer ere id ideaea d dearear d deereer h hereere/ee/air are ear eir ereair are ear eir ere ch chair air c careare b bearear t
34、h their eir wh whereere/our ure oor our ure oor t tour our s sure ure p poor oor V o w e l l e t t e r&v o w e l l e t t e r c oSounds make up wordsSounds make up wordsLetters combine in syllables to make words.Letters combine in syllables to make words.C CV V(V V)he she no by hi tea die dayhe she n
35、o by hi tea die day V VC(C)at is us on off ebb add antC(C)at is us on off ebb add ant C CV VC hat hen did top cut get fan vanC hat hen did top cut get fan van C CV VC CE E hate Pete home cute kite famehate Pete home cute kite fame CC CCV VC thin ship than chat shot knot C thin ship than chat shot kn
36、ot pl plugug C CVVVVC lead coat loud food foot dialC lead coat loud food foot dial C CV VCC fish cash neck bank cent wantCC fish cash neck bank cent wantMany words follow a regular pattern,but many dont.Many words follow a regular pattern,but many dont.giv give e hav have e t tw wo ono one e clim cl
37、imb b of oft ten Ween Wed dn ne esdaysday S o u n d s ma k e u p w o r d s L e t t e r s c oCan you read these words?Can you read these words?dab den cod cluck braid dadodab den cod cluck braid dado轻拍轻拍 巢穴巢穴 鳕鳕 咯咯叫咯咯叫 辫子辫子 墙裙墙裙 duck chuck chuckleduck chuck chuckle 抛，扔抛，扔 暗自笑暗自笑lot log loggerheadlot
38、log loggerhead 原木原木 笨蛋笨蛋fun fund fundamentalfun fund fundamental 基金基金 基本的基本的C a n y o u r e a d t h e s e w o r d s?d a b Word syllablesWord syllablescot cotcot cottage cottage cottager tager 幼儿床幼儿床 村舍村舍 村民村民 pan panpan panel panel panelistelist 专门小组专门小组 小组成员小组成员myth myth mythmythical mythical mytho
39、 ologylogy 神话的神话的 神话神话Wo r d s y l l a b l e s c o t c o t t初中英语语音教学课件初中英语语音教学课件Assignment 1 Assignment 1 作业（作业（1 1）请对您正在使用的一册初中课本中的词汇做一调查，把符合拼读规则的单词挑出来，按照元音字母或元音字母组合在重读音节中的拼读规则归类。A s s i g n me n t 1 作业（作业（1）Consonants&common consonant combinationsConsonants&common consonant combinations b/b/b/b/c
40、/k/,/s/c /k/,/s/d/d/d/d/f /f/f /f/g/,/dg/,/d/h/h/h/h/j /dj /d/k/k/k/k/l /l/l /l/，/m/m/m/m/n /n/n /n/p /p/p /p/q /k/q /k/r /r/r /r/s /s/,/z/s /s/,/z/t /t/t /t/v /v/v /v/w /w/w /w/x /ks/x /ks/y /j/y /j/z /z/z /z/ch/tch/t/,/k/,/k/ck /k/ck /k/dr /dr/dr /dr/ds/ds/ds/ds/gh/-/f/gh/-/f/kn/n/kn/n/ng/ng/ph/f/
41、ph/f/sh/sh/th /,/th /,/tr /tr/tr /tr/ts /ts/ts /ts/wh/w/,/h/wh/w/,/h/wr /r/wr /r/C o n s o n a n t s&c o mmo n c o n s o n a n t Consonant clustersConsonant clusters/pl-/please /pl-/please /pr-/pride /sl-/slow/pr-/pride /sl-/slow/bl-/bleed /bl-/bleed /fr-/fry /fr-/fry /sm-/smoke /sm-/smoke/fl-/fleet
42、 /fl-/fleet /kr-/cry /kr-/cry /sn-/snow /sn-/snow/kl-/clean /kl-/clean /r-/gride /sw-/swan/r-/gride /sw-/swan/l-/gleam /l-/gleam /br-/bright /br-/bright /sp-/sp-/speakspeak/r-/through r-/through /sk-/sk-/skateskate /st-/st-/starstarC o n s o n a n t c l u s t e r s/p l-/p l e a sSyllabic soundsSylla
43、bic sounds/b/,/p/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/,/f/,/v/,/b/,/p/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/,/f/,/v/,/s/,/z/,/s/,/z/,/+/m/,/n/,/l/+/m/,/n/,/l/Examples:Examples:able apple little middle uncle able apple little middle uncle single of single oftenten novel per novel personson rea reasonson bot bottom tom se seven ven pencil puzzle l
44、es pencil puzzle lessonson fafashionshion verversionsionS y l l a b i c s o u n d s/b/,/p/,/t/,Assignment 2 Assignment 2 作业（作业（2 2）请根据前面列举的辅音字母和辅音字母组合的拼读规则，从现行初中课本中找出合适的例词来，完成以下表格。表格的开头示例如下：辅音字母和辅音字母组合的读音辅音字母和辅音字母组合的读音b/b/back bag buy table bring bright c/k/car cat card catch close clean /s/face cit
45、y pencilA s s i g n me n t 2 作业（作业（2）请根据前请根据前Word stressWord stressA word with two or more than two A word with two or more than two syllables has word stress.syllables has word stress.Two syllables Two syllables doctor teacher worker .doctor teacher worker .again repeat excuse .again repeat excuse
46、.Wo r d s t r e s s A w o r d w i t h t w o o r Word stressWord stressThree syllables or more Three syllables or more elephant Saturday exercise visitor.elephant Saturday exercise visitor.tomato expensive suggestion.tomato expensive suggestion.a ability albility alternativeternative Wo r d s t r e s
47、 s T h r e e s y l l a b l e s o r Sentence stressSentence stress a a book book a a ChiChinese book nese book inkink and and papaperper Liaison Liaison a an n E English class breanglish class bread d a and milk nd milk i it t i is thes ther re e i is goos good d i ideadea thin think ak aboubout t i
48、it at as s a a matte matter r o of factf factS e n t e n c e s t r e s s Incomplete explosionIncomplete explosion righ right t now aroun now around d the corner the corner don dont t know eg know egg g plant plant eigh eight t pi pic ctures astures ask k the do the doc ctortor Sound changeSound chan
49、ge Woul Would d you.?Nice to meeyou.?Nice to meet t you.you.Di Did d you.?you.?I n c o mp l e t e e x p l o s i o nIntonation the falling and rising tonesIntonation the falling and rising tones Im an English teacher.Sit down,please.I n t o n a t i o n t h e f a l l i n g a n d rIntonation the fallin
50、g and rising tonesIntonation the falling and rising tonesWhose eraser is this?Is the book on the shelf yours?Are the boxes yours or theirs?._ ._ ._ .I n t o n a t i o n t h e f a l l i n g a n d rYou dont have any brother or sister,do you?What a beautiful day,isnt it？.Y o u d o n t h a v e a n y b r
