1、1Key terms For Unit Onev进入方式进入方式v间接出口间接出口v直接出口直接出口v许可经营许可经营v合资企业合资企业v直接投资直接投资v中介人中介人,中间商中间商v国内出口代理商国内出口代理商v佣金佣金v贸易公司贸易公司v初级产品初级产品v销售队伍销售队伍v技术诀窍技术诀窍vMode of entryvIndirect exportvDirect exportvLicensingvJoint venturevDirect investmentvIntermediaryvDomestic-based export agentvCommissionvTrading compan
2、yvPrimary productvSales forcevKnow-howKey terms For Unit OnevMode of entryvIndirect exportvDirect exportvLicensingvJoint venturevDirect investmentvIntermediaryvDomestic-based export agentvCommissionvTrading companyvPrimary productvSales forcevKnow-how2Key terms For Unit Onev潜在收益v出口部v仓储v利润/展示/客服中心v销售
3、分公司v销售代表v国外分销商/代理商v专有权;专营权力v商业展览v软件博览会vpotential returnvexport divisionvwarehousingvprofit/display/customer-service centervsales branch/subsidiaryvsales representativevforeign-based distributor/agentvexclusive rightvtrade showvsoftware expo3Key terms For Unit Onev许可协议v无形资产v(知识产权)许可方v(知识产权)被许可方v特许权使用
4、费v专利v版权v商标v净销售收入vlicensing agreementvintangible propertyvlicenservlicenseevroyalty feevpatentvcopyrightvtrademarkvnet sales revenue4Key terms For Unit Onev所有权股份v过半数股权v主要竞争对手v白色货物(冰箱,洗衣机,被单等)v大企业 v国有企业v跨国公司v出口管理公司vownership stakevmajority sharevarch-rivalvwhite goodsvcorporate giantvstate-owned compa
5、nyvmultinational companyvExport management company5Key terms For Unit Onev独资子公司v老字号企业v成本节约v原材料v投资激励措施v东道国v供应商v分销商v贬值的货币v征用v遣散费,解雇费,离职费vwholly owned subsidiaryvestablished firmvcost economyvraw materialvinvestment incentivevhost countryvsuppliervdistributorvdevalued currencyvexpropriationvseverance p
6、ay6Key Terms for Unit TwovMercantilism(mercantilist)vTrade surplus/deficitvSubsidize v.vZero-sum game/Positive-sum gamevThe Wealth of NationsvAbsolute advantagevComparative advantagev重商主义(重商主义者)v贸易赢余(顺差)/赤字(逆差)v补贴v零和博弈/正和博弈v国富论(亚当.斯密)v绝对优势v比较优势7Key Terms for Unit TwovLabor-intensive goodsvcapital-in
7、tensive goodsvFactor of productionvLeontief ParadoxvConsumer preferencevHuman capitalvPhysical capitalvCapital expenditurevLess developed countryvResources endowmentvManufactured goodsvMarket economiesv劳动密集型商品v资本密集型商品v生产要素v列昂剔夫悖论v消费者偏好v人力资本v实物资本v资本性支出v欠发达国家v资源禀赋v工业制成品v市场经济体8vCountry-similarity theor
8、yvHome marketvFactor endowmentsvPattern of tradevPrimary commodityvPer capita incomevLower-income countryvDemand or reaction lagvImitation lagvPatent lawvEconomies of scalevLearning-by-doingvOpportunity costvHigh/low-wage economiesvProduct life cyclev国家相似理论v母国市场、本国市场v要素禀赋v贸易模式/格局v初级商品v人均收入v低收入国家v需求或
9、反应滞后v模仿滞后v专利法v规模经济v干中学v机会成本v高/低工资经济体v产品生命周期9Key Terms For Unit 3vCivil aviationvDisembodied servicevElectronic discsvEntrepot tradevFactors of productionvFree tradevForeign currency earningsvForeign direct investmentvManufacturing industriesvMerchandise tradevMigrant workervSplintered servicevStock
10、exchangev民用航空民用航空v脱离式服务脱离式服务v电子软盘电子软盘v转口贸易，中转贸易转口贸易，中转贸易v生产要素生产要素v自由贸易自由贸易v外汇收入外汇收入v外商直接投资外商直接投资v制造业制造业v商品贸易商品贸易v迁徙性（流动性）工人迁徙性（流动性）工人v分离式服务分离式服务v证券交易所证券交易所10Key Terms For Unit 3vTrade in services/services tradevTrade in goods/goods tradevAdvertising executivevCommercialvLaw firmvSecuritiesvRetail ba
11、nkingvSubsidiaryv服务贸易服务贸易v货物贸易货物贸易v广告业务主管广告业务主管v商业广告商业广告v律师事务所律师事务所/律师行律师行v证券证券v零售银行业务零售银行业务v子公司子公司11Technology transferIndustrial competitionQuality of lifeLiving standardEmployment opportunityPublic serviceOn-the-job experiencePatent rights and licensesv技术转让v产业竞争力v生活质量v生活水平v就业机会v公共服务v在职培训v专利权和授权Ke
12、y Terms 112Government aid and financing programBank lendingTransnational/multinational corporationMarket shareForeign direct investmentProduction costsIntellectual propertyDistribution networkPrivate sectorNon-governmental organizationsv政府援助与融资项目v银行借贷v跨国公司v市场份额v国外直接投资v生产成本v知识产权v分销网络v私营部门v非政府机构Key te
13、rms 213Key Terms 3vOfficial Development AssistancevInterest-free loansvSubsidized loanvEconomies in transitionvOrganization for Economic Cooperation and Development（OECD)vCommercial bankvInterest ratevPortfolio Equity Investmentv官方发展援助v无息贷款v补贴贷款v转型经济体v经济合作与发展组织v商业银行v利率v证券股权投资,国外有价证券投资 14 Key Terms F
14、or Unit 5 v 贸易伙伴贸易伙伴v贸易壁垒贸易壁垒v进口关税进口关税v非关税壁垒非关税壁垒v从量关税从量关税v从价关税从价关税v关税收入关税收入v双重双重/三重关税三重关税v关税税率表关税税率表 v Trading partnervTrade barriervImport tariffvNon-tariff barriervSpecific tariffvAd valorem tariffvTariff revenuevTwo-part/three-part tariffvTariff schedule15Key Terms For Unit 5 v进口许可证进口许可证v自动许可自动许
15、可v非自动许可非自动许可v进口配额进口配额v绝对配额绝对配额v关税配额关税配额v自愿出口限制自愿出口限制v政府采购政策政府采购政策vImport licensingvAutomatic licensingvNon-automatic licensingvImport quotavAbsolute quotavTariff-rate quotavVoluntary export restraint(VER)vGovernment procurement policy16Terms 3 For Unit 5 17 Key Terms For Unit 6v 制成品制成品v进出口管制进出口管制v关税
16、减让关税减让v欧洲联盟欧洲联盟v一体化一体化v新兴工业化经新兴工业化经济体济体v贸易构成贸易构成v manufactured productsvImport and export controlvTariff reductionvEuropean UnionvintegrationvNewly industrializing economiesvComposition of trade18 Key Terms For Unit 6v出口基地出口基地v轻工制造业轻工制造业v初级产品初级产品v工业制成品工业制成品v粗加工、低附加值产粗加工、低附加值产品品v深加工、高附加值产深加工、高附加值产品品v
17、Export basevLight manufacturingvPrimary productvFinished industrial productvRoughly processed,low value-added productsvDeep processed,high value-added products19Key Terms For Unit 6v劳动密集型产品劳动密集型产品v贸易量贸易量v家用电器家用电器v大宗商品大宗商品v贸易模式贸易模式v垂直专业化垂直专业化v补偿贸易补偿贸易v寄售寄售v包销包销vLabor-intensive productsvTrade volumevE
18、lectrical household appliancevStaple commodityvPattern of tradevVertical specializationvCompensation tradevConsignment tradevExclusive sales20Key Terms For Unit 6v租赁贸易租赁贸易v公开投标公开投标v期货交易期货交易v对销贸易对销贸易v边境贸易边境贸易v加工贸易加工贸易v技术含量技术含量v对外贸易交易额对外贸易交易额v附加值附加值vLeasing tradevPublic biddingvFutures tradingvCounter
19、 tradevBorder tradevProcessing tradevTechnical contentvForeign trade turnovervAdded valueKey terms For Unit 7nOrganizational objectivenMarketing mixnFinancingnGradingnStandardizationnNew product developmentnPackagingnLabelingnscreeningnCustomer satisfactionnCommercializationnTarget marketnNo-brand s
20、trategynBlanket brandnGeneric goodsn企业目标企业目标n市场营销组合市场营销组合n融资融资n划分等级划分等级n标准化标准化n新产品开发新产品开发n包装包装n贴标签贴标签/标识标识/商标商标n筛选筛选n客户满意度客户满意度n商业化商业化n目标市场目标市场n无品牌策略无品牌策略n统一品牌统一品牌n非专利非专利/普通产品普通产品Key terms For Unit 7nProfit maximizationnReturn on investmentnUniversal product codenTarget returnnStatus quoncost-driven
21、 pricingndemand-driven pricingncompetition-driven pricingnSkimming price strategynPenetration price strategynOdd/even pricingnMultiple-unit pricingnPrestige pricingnPrice liningn利润最大化n投资收益n条形码n目标收益n现状n成本导向定价 n需求导向定价 n竞争导向定价 n撇脂定价策略n渗透定价策略 n奇零定价策略n多重定价n声望定价 n价格排列定价法 Key terms For Unit 7nChannel of di
22、stributionnfull service wholesalernLimited-service wholesalernExtend credit nhigh-volume productnPush promotion strategynPull promotion strategynMom and pop storenRetail outletnSole proprietorshipnPartnershipnSpecialty storenCatalogue showroomnSales promotionn销售渠道n提供充分服务的批发商 n有限服务的批发商n延长信贷限期/提供信用贷款n
23、大量生产制品n推动促销策略 n拉引促销策略 n夫妻店,家庭经营的小摊n零售店/摊位n独资企业n合伙企业n专卖店n目录商店/邮购商品展示厅n推销 24Key Terms For Unit 8 Supplier Marketing intermediary Non-controllable Macroenvironment Purchasing power Skyrocket Age mix Empty nester Discount store Factory outlet mall 供应商供应商 营销中间商营销中间商 不可控因素不可控因素 宏观环境宏观环境 购买力购买力 急升急升,猛升猛升 年
24、龄组合年龄组合 空巢者空巢者 折扣商店折扣商店 工厂分销商店区工厂分销商店区25Key Terms For Unit 8Key Terms For Unit 9Public service announcements(PSAs)Mass mediaMass communicationPersonal sellingBrand advertisingBrand identityBrand imageRetail advertisingPolitical advertising公益广告宣传大众媒体大众沟通人员推销品牌广告品牌识别品牌形象零售广告政治广告Key Terms For Unit 928K
25、ey Terms 1 unit 10 International Payments and Settlements Currency fluctuation Payment in advance(advance payment)Partial payment in advance Progressive payment Credit/financial standing Balance sheet Liquidity Working capital Import/export financing Exchange control 国际支付与结算 币值波动 预付货款 分期预付 按（施工）进度（分
26、批）付款 信用/财务状况 资产负债表 流动性 流动资本，周转资金 进口/出口融资 外汇管制29Key terms 2 unit 10 Open account Negotiable instrument Remittance Remitting bank Correspondent bank Beneficiary Bill of exchange/draft Shipping document At sight With a tenor of days 赊账/记帐交易 流通票据 汇款 汇出行 议付行/代理行 受益人 汇票 装运单据 即期，见票 在 天的期限内30Key terms 3 uni
27、t 10 31Key terms 4 unit 10 Bank credit Letter of credit(L/C)Terms and conditions Documentary credit Bank guarantee Default Principal Non-performance of a contract 银行信用 信用证 条款 跟单信用证 银行担保函 拖欠 委托人 不履行合同Key terms 1 For Unit 11oForeign exchange marketoQuoteoCurrency conversionoLegal tenderoExchange rateo
28、Licensing agreementoMoney marketoCurrency speculationoCurrency convertibilityoConvertibleoFreely convertible currencyoDomestic currencyo外汇市场外汇市场o报价报价o货币兑换货币兑换o法定货币法定货币o汇率汇率o许可协议许可协议o货币市场货币市场o货币投机货币投机o货币可兑换性货币可兑换性o可兑换的可兑换的o自由兑换货币自由兑换货币o本国货币本国货币Key terms 2 For Unit 11oResident/nonresidentoCountertrade
29、oForeign exchange reservesoService debt commitmentoA run on oCapital flightoDepreciate v.oAppreciate v.oHyperinflationoEconomic prospecto居民居民/非居民非居民o对销贸易对销贸易o外汇储备外汇储备o偿还债息偿还债息o抢购抢购o资本逃逸资本逃逸o贬值贬值o升值升值o恶性通货膨胀恶性通货膨胀o经济前景经济前景Key terms 3 For Unit 11oForeign exchange riskoSpot exchange rateoForward exchan
30、ge rateoGross profitoSpot/forward marketoAt a discountoAt a premiumoHedge fundo外汇风险外汇风险o即期汇率即期汇率o远期汇率远期汇率o毛利毛利o现货现货/远期市场远期市场o贴水贴水o升水升水/溢价溢价o避险基金避险基金,套利基金套利基金35Key Terms 1 unit 12 n投资风险n一级市场n二级市场n出资人n实物资产 n个人资本 n金融市场nInvestment risk nPrimary marketnSecondary marketnCapital suppliernReal assetsnPerson
31、al capitalnFinancial market36Key Terms 2 unit 12 n私人财产 n人力资本n债权 n金融证券n私募发行n公募发行n按揭贷款n抵押债务n发行原始证券nPersonal assetsnHuman capitalnFinancial claimnFinancial securitiesnPrivate placementnPublic placementnMortgage loannMortgage-backed debtnOriginal security issue37Key Terms 3 unit 12 n现金太多n所有者权益 n共同基金n所有权
32、要求n美国电报电话公司 nExcess cashnOwnership interestsnMutual fundsnOwnership claimnAT&T(American Telephone&Telegraph Company)38Key Terms 13nLaissez FairenTax hikenTax cutsnThe New DealnGovernment spendingnThe (Great)DepressionnFederal Reserve SystemnReserve requirementsn自由放任n税收大幅上升n税收降低n新政n政府支出n大萧条n联邦储备体系n存款准备金率39Terms For Unit 13
