1、W W W.W A T S O N W Y A T T.C O MDesigning annuity products for consumers needsPresented byMike WadsworthPartner,Watson WMay 2003AgendalOptions for generating lifetime incomelConsumer needslInvesting for lifelManaging survivallA new modelI dont want to achieve immortality through my work-I want to a
2、chieve it by not dyingWoody AllenPeople will soon live twice as long as today,and have the potential to live for 1200 yearsJohn Harris,ScientistMember of UK Human Genetics Commissionas reported Sunday Times,25 June 2000 Funeral firm hit by 29%profit fallNot enough people are dying in the US,accordin
3、g to Service Corporation International,the worlds largest funeral services companyTimes,2 October 1999Scale of opportunitiesPeople over 65M acin to sh P IC Tim ag e fo rm atis n o t su p p o rtedSource:US Bureau of the CensusAnnuity versus bond yieldM a c in to s h P IC Tim a g e fo rm a tis n o t s
4、 u p p o rte dIncome taken monthly in advance;interest rate 5%paAnnuity income broken down into capital element and the balance(ie interest element)Options for retirement income100%Pensioner Investment Guarantees PensionerSurvivalGuaranteesTraditional AnnuityLumpSum?Watson Wyatt Partners 20000%0%Tra
5、ditional annuitiesSome important questionslHow much do the guarantees cost?lHow valuable are they to customers?early in retirement/later in retirement?according to other assets?lHow will lifestyles and needs change in retirement?lWill customers change their minds over time?Key issues for designThe P
6、ensionerlChoice(investment)lFlexibility(income)lProtection(survival)lCommunication(trade offs)lFail safe A lifetime asset allocation modelTraditionalEither lump sumOr annuityRetireRetireOptimum return(equities?)Optimum return(equities?)CashBondsBonds Watson Wyatt Partners 2000A lifetime asset alloca
7、tion modelProposedOptimum return(equities?)Optimum return(equities?)BondsRetire Watson Wyatt Partners 2000Effect of investment growth onsupportable income-malesM a c in to s h P IC Tim a g e fo rm a tis n o t s u p p o rte dBase income supportable calculated at 5%.Income multiple=income supportable
8、assuming extra investment return resulting from equity investment of 1,2,3,4 or 5%pa after charges,divided by base income.Mortality as previously Watson Wyatt Partners 2000Planning retirement incomelThe consumer problem is.How long will I live?lLifespan is a distribution not an expectationDistributi
9、on of deathsRetirement at age 60M a c in to s h P IC Tim a g e fo rm a tis n o t s u p p o rte dMortality:PMA92/PFA92 Year of use 2001 Watson Wyatt Partners 2000Distribution of deaths by age nowM acin to sh P IC Tim ag e fo rm atis n o t su p p o rtedAge 75 now Watson Wyatt Partners 2000Mortality:PM
10、A92/PFA92 Year of use 2001Distribution of deaths by age nowAge 90 nowM acintosh P IC Tim age form atis not supported Watson Wyatt Partners 2000Mortality:PMA92/PFA92 Year of use 2001Standard deviation of deaths,asa proportion of life expectancyM acintosh PICTim age form atis not supportedMortality:PM
11、A92/PFA92 Year of use 2001 Watson Wyatt Partners 2000M acintosh PICTim age form atis not supportedMethod of calculationNon-annuitised fundIncome each year defined as:Fund value/annuity factorAnnuity factor calculated at assumed investment return of 0%or 7%pa(excluding expenses)Investment return achi
12、eved equal to 7%pa(excluding expenses)Investment return assumed:(excl expenses)Investment return achieved:7%pa (excl expenses)Mortality:PMA92 Year of use 2001Initial fund 100,000 Male aged 60 at outset Watson Wyatt Partners 2000Progression of income:spreading fund over future life expectationProgres
13、sion of income-annuitised fund versusnon-annuitised fundM acintosh PICTim age form atis not supportedMortality:PMA92 Year of use 2001Male aged 60 at outset Watson Wyatt Partners 2000Supplier view of mortality guaranteeslMortality improvinglHow fast1%pa?2%pa?3%pa?lIn future?lScope to review?lGuarante
14、es are(too)expensive?Mortality drift-uncertain future improvementsM acintosh PICTim age form atis not supportedBoth charts show expected distribution of deaths for male aged 60 in 1992,allowing for future improvements.PMA92 represents the more recent estimateCross-subsidy operates across either dist
15、ribution,and longevity protection is largely retained even if mortality is reviewed Drift in anticipated distribution allowing for newer evidence Watson Wyatt Partners 2000Excess survivors-PMA92 compared with PMA80M a c in to s h P IC Tim a g e fo rm a tis n o t s u p p o rte dCost to annuity provid
16、er of not reviewing mortality relates to payments made to those survivors who were not expected to live so long-the red zone Watson Wyatt Partners 2000New modelInvestment fund+Insurance against survivalLifetime income model-benefit statement UnitsUnit PriceValue Start of Year10,00010.00100,000Annuit
17、y Payments(975)(10,000)Survival Bonus2953,000Effect of Changes in Unit Price4,860End of Year9,32010.5097,860Target Incomefor Next Year10,000 Watson Wyatt Partners 2000Equivalent additional fundgrowth resulting from mortalitycross-subsidyM a c in to s h P IC Tim a g e fo rm a tis n o t s u p p o rte
18、dMortality:PMA92/PFA92 Calendar Year 2001 Watson Wyatt Partners 2000Equivalent additional fund growth M F%pa%pa754.12.88513.1 8.49533.2 21.2NB:Partial survival protection possibleFlexible annuity review cycleInitial max/min income calcdAnnuitant selects income between max and min to next reviewPayme
19、nts deducted according to annuitant requirements/survival credits/investment returns addedFund balance determined at reviewMax/min income to next review calcd Watson Wyatt Partners 2000Flexible incomeThe corridorMacintosh PICTimage formatis not supportedIncome levelchosen by the annuitantannual maxi
20、mum annual minimum Watson Wyatt Partners 2001M acintosh PIC Tim age form atis not supportedCommunication of benefitsIncome projections-income takeninitially=income supportable at 7%pa Watson Wyatt Partners 2000M acintosh PIC Tim age form atis not supportedIncome projections-income takeninitially=1.1
21、 x income supportableat 7%pa Watson Wyatt Partners 2000M acintosh PIC Tim age form atis not supportedIncome projections-income takeninitially=0.9 x income supportableat 7%pa Watson Wyatt Partners 2000M acintosh PIC Tim age form atis not supportedIncome projections-variable investment model Watson Wy
22、att Partners 2000Fail safelDefault investment strategies,egequities bonds over lifetimelProgrammed switching to guarantee at high agelProgrammed switching to guarantee on sustained market fall,eg Japan scenariolVoluntary switching NB:More features better systems Annuity developments-unbundling dynam
23、icMore impaired life/enhanced annuitiesOther gteed annuities more expensive/less profitableMore equity based annuitiesWeaker longevity guarantees Watson Wyatt Partners 2002Effect of LTC rider on incomeM a c in to s h P IC Tim a g e fo rm a tis n o t s u p p o rte dBefore LTC claimAfter LTC claimThe
24、product is a variable annuity prior to claim,then a fixed LTC annuity after claim,plus a continuing variable annuity(which could convert to a conventional annuity).The level of benefit is chosen by the insured.CLAIMIncome supportable with no LTC rider(normal income)LTC income=50%of income pre-claimI
25、ncome=96.5%of normalLTC income=100%of income pre-claimIncome=92.5%of normalAdvantages of lifetime income modellPensionersnatural extension to DC pension vehiclechoose and vary asset allocationflexibility of incomeoptimise income relative to risklInsurers/fund managerslongevity risk manageablepotential segmentation of risksnot restricted by available bond(or other)investmentsglobal multi market applicationlAlso financial planners/bond suppliersW W W.W A T S O N W Y A T T.C O MDesigning annuity products for consumer needsPresented byMike WadsworthPartner,Watson WMay 2002
