1、B1常见的字母与字母组合发音规则B2元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规则元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规则元音字母的发音B3（一）元音字母（一）元音字母a1.重读开音节重读开音节 ei late;make;lake;face2.重读闭音节重读闭音节 bag;fat;cat;（*例外：例外：any一些一些e;many许多许多e）3.非重读音节非重读音节 或或i 即：即：China Canada i village;orange*连续相同的辅音（字母），一般只发一个音，而连续相同的辅音（字母），一般只发一个音，而且归属后一个音节段。如上的且归属后一个音节段。如上的village.B44.在字母w或wh后面，
2、发:what;want;(例外：water水:)5.a在诸如-ance;-ask;-ass;-ast;-ath;-aph;-af;-asp组合里,重读时均发a:即：dance;France;ask;basketclass;grass;glass;pass;（*例外：mass）fast;past;last;father;path;bath;(*例外：maths)graph after graspB5(二二)元音字母元音字母e1.重读开音节 i:me;he;she;these;evening2.重读闭音节 e hen;get;tell;red3.非重读音节 i ticket;basket;pock
3、et;before;below;hundred student openB6（三）元音字母（三）元音字母i1.重读开音节 ai hi;China;time;2.重读闭音节 i sit;hit;ill;little;3.非重读音节 i unit;holiday beautifulB7(四)元音字母o1.重读开音节 u no;so;go;home;photo;2.重读闭音节 not;hot;box;fox;cock;cost;3.非重读音节 purpose;concern4.o在字母m,n,v或th之前，均发 come;some;son;ton;(*例外：Tom)love;glove;above;
4、another mother;brother;*5.两个单词：womanwu-mn女人（单数）;womenwi-min女人（复数）B8（五）元音字母u1.重读开音节 ju:pupil;student;use;cube*在开音节中，元音字母在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母在辅音字母j l r s后面时后面时读读u:音，例如：音，例如：June blue ruler super2.重读闭音节 或u us;bus;mum;sun uput;full;pull3.非重读音节 autumn;August;support B9半元音字母半元音字母y的发音的发音字母y一般有三种发音:*放在词首的发/j/:y
5、es;yellow *在单音节词中（重读开音节）发/ai/:my;try *在大多数双音节词中（非重读音节）发/i/:studyB10元音字母组合的拼读规则元音字母组合的拼读规则B11（一）元音字母a的字母组合1.ai或ay在重读音节中 ei rain;train;brain;pain day;may;play;stay;lay2.ay在非重读音里i或ei Sunday;Monday;Tuesday;Thursday;Friday B123.al+绝大多数辅音字母:small;wall;call;或:l also;always *al后面是k时，只发:talk;walk；chalk*al+f或
6、m时，al发a:half;calm*-al在词尾非重读（）l medal;metal;(例外canal运河，重音在后l)B134.-ance在重读时a:ns chance;dance;France*在非重读时ns importance；performance；ambulance5.-ant非重读nt assistant;important ；peasantB146.-ange一般eind change;danger;strange;(*但orange ind例外)7.-age 一般id village;carriage;marriageB158.-ask一般重读时a:sk ask;mask;t
7、ask;basket9.-ass一般重读时a:s class;glass;grass;pass;(*但mass例外)B1610.-ast一般重读时a:st last;past;fast;cast *-aste一般eist waste;paste;taste11.-ath一般a:bath;path;(但maths例外)*或a:father;rather;(gather例外)B1712.-au一般:cause;autumn;August;(*但because)*-augh(t):(t)taught;daughter(*例外：laughl a:f)13.-aw :draw;saw;law;awful
8、14.a在字母w或wh后面，a发 was;wash;want;what;(*但water:B1815.-ar 重读音时a:party;car;farm;army;yard;hard;star*在字母w或音w后面时:war;warm;warn;towards;*quarter*在非重读音时 beggar;dollar;solarB1916.-are一般 hare;bare;dare;care;parent17.-air一般 chair;fair;hair;pair;stair;repair18.-able 一般eibl able;cable;table;stableB20(二)元音字母e的组合1
9、.-ea重读音节有四个音，分别是下列：*大多数发/i:/:meat;teacher;read;please *有的发/e/:head,bread;read(过去式);breakfast,peasant*还有的发/ei/:great;break(小学英语中只有这两个单词)*-eai:real;reallyB212.-eei:feel;week;keep;three;treet;see *但是一个例外：coffeei 3.-eeri deer;pioneer;engineer;volunteerB224.-er重读音节:her;term;service;Germany *非重读 worker;pa
10、per;western;teacher 特殊读法a:clerk5.-ere i here;mere -ere 或者发 there;whereB236.-ear 有三种音，分别是：*-ear i ear;dear;near;tear(n.);*-ear:early;earth;learn;heard *-ear a:heart *但 tear作为动词时，发B247.-ei ei eight;weigh;weight *-ei ai height *-ei i:receive 8.-ey重读ei they;hey;survey *-ey重读i:key *-ey非重读i monkey;donkey;
11、volleyball *-et非重读it pocket;ticket;rocketB259.-ew 一般ju:new;few;knew *-ew 或者发u:grew;threw*-ew还可以发u sew10.-ege id collegeB2611.-est i s t biggest;happiest;12.词尾的-ed在浊音后d lived;studied *-ed在清音后t worked;finished *-ed在字母t或d后id wanted;needed B27（三）元音字母i或y的组合1.-ie在重读音节中，或在辅音字母前，发i:，如：thief;field;piece;achi
12、eve；*-ie在词尾ai lie;die;tie 2.-ir在重读音节:girl;first;third;circle B283.-ire在重读音节ai fire;tired;hire;wire4.-igh(t)在重读音节ai(t)high;night;light;bright 5.-ild aild child;wildB296.-ind aind find;kind;mind ;wind;(*但windowind)7.-ing i king;wing;sing;doing;makingB308.-(a)tion(ei)n nation;pronunciation;information；
13、*-stion tn question*-sion n或n mission使命;precision精密 B319.-ye在词尾ai good-bye;bye-bye10.-isti s t 例：list;fist;B32(四)元音字母o的组合1.-oa在重音时u boat;coat;road;goat;toad *-oar在重音时:例：blackboard;2.-oi，-oy在重音时i *-oy 例：boiler;point;join;oil .*-oi 例：boy;toy;joy;loyalB333.-oo一般u:too;zoo;room;noon;moon；soon;*单词单词room和其
14、他名词构成合成词时，和其他名词构成合成词时，常发短音。如常发短音。如classroomu等。等。*在字母在字母k或有时在或有时在t，d之前时之前时u look;book;cook;foot;boot;good；（food 例外）;B344.-or在重音时:for;horse;important;morning;born*-or在字母w后面:work;word;world;worse;worth (*但是wore,worn例外，均发:)*-or在非重音时 monitor;doctor;professor;forget;B35 5.-oar一般:board;aboard;blackboard6.-
15、oor一般:或在美式英语里发 door;floor *-oor 还发u poorB367.-ore在重音时:snore;more;before;foreign;forest8.-ou一般au shout;loud;round;found*-ou还发 country;trouble*-ou 还发u:wound;woundedB379.-ough(t)发:(t)ought;bought;fought;thought (*例外：coughk f)10.-oeu toe;hoe;JoeB3811.-oldu l d old;hold;cold;told 12.-ostu s t post;most;h
16、ost;ghost(*例外cost s t)B3913.-our在重音时au our;hour;sour;*还发:four;course;pour *还发u tour;gourd *-our 在词尾(非重音)colour;neighbour;favouriteB4014.-ow在重音时au now;cow;down;how;town *-ow在重音或非重音中u low;yellow;below;follow;grow tomorrow;window;know;show B41（五）元音字母u的组合1.-u在字母ll或sh之前，或者在字母b,p或f之后，均发u 如：full;bull;pull;
17、push;bush*字母l,r或j+u构成的开音节，u发u:rule;true;blue;JuneB422.-ue在词尾ju:argue;continue3.-ui在字母j或r后面时，发u:fruit;juice*-ui在字母b或g后面，或者紧接重音节后面的一个音节时发i 如：build;biscuit；guilty B434.-ur在重音时:turn;return;Thursday;nurse;purse*在非重音时 surprise;Saturday*-ure在重音时(j)u pureju;sureu*-ture发t picture;future;mixtureB44 (II)辅音字母及辅
18、音字母组合的拼读规则B45辅音字母一般都发字母本身音,只有一些特殊,列举如下:1.b在一般情况下b back；big;lab;brother b和u在一起，u常发i building；build；busy-bt一般t debt;doubtB462.c在字母在字母e,i或或y前面时前面时s city;Bruce;juice;bicycle；face;centralc在字母a,o或u,或者在辅音字母前k cup;cold;duck;bicycle;cap;cut;class;c在词尾时也发k，但后面有e，还发s music k grace s;B47-ckk duck;luck;black;coc
19、k；ticket;pocket-ci有时发 social*-cc在元音字母a,o,u和辅音字母之前k occasion;according;occupy;*在元音字母e和i之前ks accent;successB48-ch 有三种音t k或 如下：*t China;rich;chick;chalk *k school;chemistry;ache;technology *machine;parachute;moustache-tcht catch;match;fetch;hatch;butcher B493.d在一般情况下d did;made;desk;duck;doubt;-ds发dz bi
20、rds;hands dr在元音字母前dr dry;dress;driver;drill-dge一般d bridge;fridge;judge;4.f在一般情况下f five;flag;life;leafB505.g在字母e,i或y前面d large;general;age;energy *例外：give;forgive;get;forget等,g都发g在字母a,o或u,或者在辅音字母前g game;goat;guard;ghost;glass 在词尾也发g big;egg;fig;flag B51-gnn，即g不发音 foreign;sign;-gh发f或-(即不发音)-high;light;
21、thought;brought f laugh;cough-dge发d bridge;knowledge;judge *gue-,gua-和gui-在词首时一般u都不发音 guess;guest;guard;guide 而-gue在词尾发g league;colleagueB526.*h在一般情况下h help;behave;hello;hit;hurry *h在字母r或x后面不发音 exhibition7.j在一般情况下d joy;judge;journey;January;justB538.*k在一般情况下k king;milk;kick;kiss;lock;*k后面是n时，k不发音,即k
22、n发n knee;know;knowledge;knife climb;comb;tomb;B54字母字母l只有两种发音只有两种发音:放在词首的发清晰的放在词首的发清晰的/l/;放在词末或放在词末或le则发模糊则发模糊/l/。9.*l在元音字母前发l(*即“勒”音，供参考)light；look;let;lab;live *l在辅音字母或词尾时发l(*即“欧”音，供参考)cold；sell;chalkB5510.m在一般情况下m meat;mother;come;make;Tom m后面是b时,b不发音,即-mb发m B5611.*n在一般情况下n now;next;ton;nest *n在m后
23、面时，n常不发音,即-mn发m autumn;column 但后面有后缀或构成合成词，则n还要发音的 autumnal;columnistB57-ng常发或g *发 sing;king;English;young *发 g finger；younger;language-nk常发k ink;thankB5812.p在一般情况下p map;cap;people;pest *-phf photo;phantom;physics 13.*que在一般情况下k cheque *qu一般发k w quarter;quick;quiet;quite;queenB5914.*r在元音字母前才发音r(即音同“
24、日”供参考)room；read;rest;around*r在辅音字母或词尾前，一般不发音 car;star;jar *rh在元音字母前只发r rhyme;rhino;rhetoricB6015.*s在词首和词尾、清辅音之前或之后,或者在词尾同时在短元音之后，一般发s 如：see;some;sister;works;yes;this newspaper;注：一条发音习惯，欧美人在发s音后面的清辅音时，习惯上把该清辅音发成相对应的浊辅音（而书写音标的时候，还是写成清辅音），试举例如下：school-音标s k u:l，念成s g u:l street-音标s tr i:t,念成s dr i:t s
25、tudent-s t j u:d n t,念成s d j u:d n t space-音标s p ei s,而习惯念成s b ei s B61*s在两个元音之间或者在浊辅音和元音之间时，发z 如：these;nose;lose;rise;wisdom;observe 词尾的s在浊辅音或元音之后（即在浊音之后），发z 如：pigs;plays;flags;eggs;toys;boys词尾的s在长元音之后，发z hers;yourss还可以发 sure;RussiaB62-sh一般发 sheep;ship;wish;show;shift;fish-sch一般发s k school;scheme(计
26、划)-sion一般发 n tension;succession *在元音字母后 n decision;conclusion-sure在元音字母后 measure;pleasureB6316.t在一般情况下t cat;tooth；teach;let;ten;table;-th一般发或 小学阶段，发/音的大多与数字有关:thirteen,third,ninth,tenth 再加上mouth,tooth;thin;think,thank等词;发/音的大多与代词有关:that;this;these;those-tr tr try;trust;trip;tree;street-tion n inform
27、ation;pronunciation;(*一个例外：question t n)-ture t picture;mixture;futureB6417.v在一般情况下v live;very;vase;valley;villageB65 18.w在元音字母之前w wear;window;week;wisdomwrr write;wrong;wrist;whh who;whom;whose;whw what;which;when;where;why aw:draw;saw;law;ewj u:few;knew;new owu low;slow;know;below owau now;cow;crownB6619.x在一般情况下ks box;fox;next;text位于元音字母之前且重音落在后一个音节上时，发gz exam;exist;B6720.y在元音字母之前j you;youth;yes;young21.z在一般情况下z zoo;zebra;zero;zipper
