2022年中考英语语法复习ppt课件-动词 .pptx

上传人(卖家):Q123 文档编号:5235492 上传时间:2023-02-21 格式:PPTX 页数:25 大小:624.10KB
下载 相关 举报
2022年中考英语语法复习ppt课件-动词 .pptx_第1页
第1页 / 共25页
2022年中考英语语法复习ppt课件-动词 .pptx_第2页
第2页 / 共25页
2022年中考英语语法复习ppt课件-动词 .pptx_第3页
第3页 / 共25页
2022年中考英语语法复习ppt课件-动词 .pptx_第4页
第4页 / 共25页
2022年中考英语语法复习ppt课件-动词 .pptx_第5页
第5页 / 共25页
点击查看更多>>
资源描述

1、 动词动词 动词(英文动词(英文:Verb,简称,简称:v.)是一类词性,一般用来表示动作或状态)是一类词性,一般用来表示动作或状态的词汇。在英语中,动词按作用和功能主要分为两大类,一类是谓语动词,的词汇。在英语中,动词按作用和功能主要分为两大类,一类是谓语动词,另一类是非谓语动词。中文语法中表示人或事物的动作或一种动态变化,另一类是非谓语动词。中文语法中表示人或事物的动作或一种动态变化,一般出现在名词主语或主句后面。在英语里,动词还有时态、人称的变化。一般出现在名词主语或主句后面。在英语里,动词还有时态、人称的变化。动词主动词分类1(看功能)分类2(看构成)分类3 分类4(看意义)分类5助动

2、词基本助动词情态助动词半情态动词 一、主动词一、主动词分类分类1(按动词功能分类按动词功能分类)类别类别特点特点意义意义举例举例实义动词实义动词(vt.vi.)及物动词跟宾语及物动词跟宾语须跟宾语一起才能表达完整须跟宾语一起才能表达完整的意思的意思I have a book.不及物动词不能不及物动词不能直接接宾语直接接宾语能独立作谓语能独立作谓语She always comes late.系动词系动词(link-v)跟表语跟表语不能独立做谓语,后边必须不能独立做谓语,后边必须跟表语,构成系表结构。跟表语,构成系表结构。I am a student.一、一、实义动词:在句中独立做谓语实义动词:在

3、句中独立做谓语 1.1.及物动词及物动词vt.vt.(Transitive VerbTransitive Verb)本身意义不完整,需要接宾语意义才完整本身意义不完整,需要接宾语意义才完整 I like you.we call the bird Polly.Please pass me the salt.2.2.不及物动词不及物动词vi.vi.(Intransitive VerbIntransitive Verb)本身意义完整,无需接宾语本身意义完整,无需接宾语 I know.Horses run fast.They work in a factory.二、系动词二、系动词:它本身有词义,但它

4、本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语不能单独用作谓语,后,后边必须跟表语(通常为名词或形容词),构成系表结构边必须跟表语(通常为名词或形容词),构成系表结构说明主语的说明主语的状况、性质、特征状况、性质、特征等情况。等情况。1.1.似乎类:似乎类:seemseem,looklook,appearappear He seems a nice man.He seems a nice man.It seemed like a good idea at that time.It seemed like a good idea at that time.They seemed to know what the

5、y are doing.They seemed to know what they are doing.2.2.感官动词感官动词:soundsound听起来听起来 looklook看上去看上去 smellsmell闻起来闻起来 feelfeel摸上去摸上去 tastetaste尝起来尝起来3.3.变化类变化类:be,be,become,getbecome,get,turn turn,(,(gogo)4.4.结果类结果类:prove,turn outprove,turn out5.5.状态类状态类:keep,stay,remainkeep,stay,remain You seem happy.Y

6、ou seem happy.She did not appear at all surprised the news.She did not appear at all surprised the news.一、主动词一、主动词分类分类2(按动词构成分类)按动词构成分类)一、单个动词一、单个动词:look,come,try二、词组二、词组/短语动词短语动词 1.动词动词+副词副词此结构的短语动词可作及物动词或不及物动词。用作及物动词的短语动词,若宾语为名词时,名词位于副词的前面或后面皆可;如果所带宾语为代词时,宾语要位于副词前面。常用的此类副词有away,out,off,up,down,bac

7、k,in,along等。如:cheer up(振奋起来);clean up(打扫干净);put up(张贴);fix up(修理);give away(赠送);give out(分发);use up(用完);hand in(上交);put off(推迟);pick up(捡起);think over(仔细考虑);turn down(调低);get up(起床);start off(出发);look out(当心)2.动词动词+介词介词动词与介词构成的短语在词义上相当于一个及物动词;宾语总是位于介词的后面。常见的此类介词有for,about,of,after,from,into,to,with,

8、at等。如:look after(照顾);belong to(属于);take after(像);hear from(收到的来信);hear of(听说);send for(派人去请);pay for(赔偿);wait for(等待);care for(照顾);laugh at(嘲笑);worry about(担心);listen to(听);look at(看.);agree with(同意)3.动词动词+副词副词+介词介词在此类短语动词中,动词、副词、介词紧密结合,已成为一体,词义上相当于一个及物动词,所带的冰与总是位于介词之后。如:run out of(用光);get out of(逃避

9、);come up with(想出);catch up with(赶上);look forward to(盼望);go on with(继续).一、主动词一、主动词分类分类3(按动词五种基本形式分类)按动词五种基本形式分类)一、第三人称单数变化规则1.一般情况在动词原形后加s在清辅音后发音为s,在浊辅音及元音后发音为 z。如:stopstops s;makemakes sreadreads z;playplays z2.以ch,sh,s,o,x结尾的动词后加es发音为iz 如:teachteaches iz;watchwatches iz3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先将y变成i,再加es读i

10、z 如:flyflies z;carrycarries zstudystudies z;worryworries 4.以元音字母加y结尾的动词后加splay-plays二、现在分词变化规则1.在动词后加ing work-working sleep-sleeping study-studying2.以不发音的e结尾的动词,去e再加 ingtake-taking make-making dance-dancing 3.以重读闭音节结尾的词,且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写该辅音字母再加 ingcut-cutting put-putting begin-beginning 4.少数几个以 ie结尾的动词

11、要变 ie为y,再加 inglie-lying tie-tying die-dying三、规则动词的过去式变化如下:1.一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed,如:work-worked play-played wanted-wanted act-acted 2.以不发音的-e 结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:live-lived move-moved taste-tasted hope-hoped 3.、以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:study-studied copy-copied cry-cried carry-carried 一、主动词一、主动词分类分类4(按动词意义基

12、本形式分类)按动词意义基本形式分类)一、动态动词:一、动态动词:walk get angry/get lost 二、静态动词:二、静态动词:have/is be angry/be lost 一、主动词一、主动词分类分类5(按是否受按是否受“时时”&主语的限制分类)主语的限制分类)一、限定动词(谓语动词)1.主要动词(可单做谓语)主要动词(可单做谓语)a:实义动词:vi.不及物动词 S+Vi.I go.vt.及物动词 S+Vi+介词+o She looks at me.S+Vt+O I like English.S+Vt+Oi+Od I buy you a cup.S+Vi+O+C I find

13、 you funny.b:系动词:S+V系+P Im happy.2.跟双宾语词:跟双宾语词:a:V+sb.+sth.=V+sth.+to+sb.return,offer,pass,pay,sell,show,tell,give,send,hand,teach,bring,leave,lend,write.b:V+sb.+sth.=V+stn.+for+sb.find,buy,cook,fetch,make,order,wash,draw,borrow.c:V+sb.+sth.=V+sth.+for/to+sb.get,do,play,read,sing,bring d:V+sb.+sth.a

14、sk,cost,wish 一、主动词一、主动词分类分类5(按是否受按是否受“时时”&主语的限制分类)主语的限制分类)非谓语用法非谓语用法 主语主语 谓语谓语 动宾动宾 介宾介宾 表语表语 定语定语 状语状语 同位同位语语不定不定式式YYNYYYY动名动名词词YNYYYYNY现在现在分词分词NNNYYYN过去过去分词分词NNNYYYN 一、主动词一、主动词分类分类5(按是否受按是否受“时时”&主语的限制分类)主语的限制分类)二、非限定动词(非谓语):不单独做谓语,有些不能做谓语 1.不定式考点不定式考点 后接 to do作宾语的动词或动词短语:want,try,decide,hope/wish,

15、need,agree,expect,refuse,learn,remember,forget,would like/love,help,begin/start 动词+宾语+不定式,不定式做宾补:tell,advice,ask,want,allow,expect,encourage,force,teach,warn,invite特殊:省略to.They made Paul do sports.=Paul was made to do sports.Its+adj.+for/of sb+to do sth.Its ones turn to do sth.It takes/took sb time

16、to do sth.建议句型:Why dont you do?/had better(not)do/Will you please do?prefer to do A rather than do B tooto/enough to go to school不定式做句子成分:主语:To know everything is impossible.It is impossible to 共谓:He seems/seemed to be doing a good job.动宾:I hope to be back in a week.表语:My duty is to save you.补语(复合宾语

17、):I want this class to be a successful one.定语:Do you have anything to say?状语(目的)To be a good teacher,I must work hard.同位语:My last request,to see her,was unanswered.2.动名词考点动名词考点 功能及用法:功能及用法:主语:Dancing board her.Seeing is believing.动宾:You should stopped talking.常见常见+doing的词或短语的词或短语 avoid,consider,enjo

18、y,finish,imagine,keep,mind,suggest,practice,be busy doing,be worth doing,be/get used to doing,cant/couldnt help doing,look forward to doing.stop to do/doing,try to do/doing,forget/remember to do/doing补:既接动名词又接不定式stop,try forget/remember,go on to do/doing regret,mean to do/doing3.现在分词考点现在分词考点V.+sb+do

19、ing的词的词:feel,see,notice,watch,hear,keep,mind.Im sorry to keep you waiting.Would you mind me/my opening the window?Do you parents mind you learning home?介宾:He is punished for talking in class。表语:Her hobby is collecting stamps.补语:We called the activity hiking.定语:This is a swimming pool.=This is a poor

20、 for swimming.You should improve our learning methods 同位语:I like my job,teaching English,现在分词在句中现在分词在句中:共谓:Im waiting for you.表语:The situation is encouraging.补语:I watched the kids flying kites.定语:She is a charming girl.状语:I spent all day looking for you.过去分词在句中:过去分词在句中:共谓:I was told so.(be将现时态)(被动或完

21、成)I have finished it.(have has had体现时态)表语:Im worried.(形容词化)补语:I want the work finished by Friday.(=to be finished)定语:She had a worried look on her face.状语:Surrounded by enemy,he has no chance to escape.4.过去分词考点过去分词考点 过去分词在句中:过去分词在句中:共谓:I was told so.(be将现时态)(被动或完成)I have finished it.(have has had体现时

22、态)表语:Im worried.(形容词化)补语:I want the work finished by Friday.(=to be finished)定语:She had a worried look on her face.状语:Surrounded by enemy,he has no chance to escape.二二、助动词、助动词1.基本助动词基本助动词 be动词:帮助实义动词构成动词:帮助实义动词构成 a.进行时态:Im talking.b.被动语态:I was told so.do/does/did:帮助实义动词构成疑问句,否定句或强调句;帮助实义动词构成疑问句,否定句或

23、强调句;a.I dont like it.b.Do you like it?c.I do like it./He does like it.have/has:帮助实义动词构成完成体;帮助实义动词构成完成体;a.I have finished it.b.I have been doing since 3.二二、助动词、助动词2.情态助动词:帮助构成某种时态或语气情态助动词:帮助构成某种时态或语气 cancould“能会”You can sit here.maymight“可以”May I come in?willwould Will you please?shallshould Shall we

24、 go to school on time?must You must do it.(语气最强)ought to“应该”二二、助动词、助动词3.半情态动词半情态动词 (1)need/dare:即可做实义动词又可做情态动词即可做实义动词又可做情态动词 I need a book.You neednt go.He didnt dare(to)say what he thoughts.How dare you talk to me like that?(2)在语气和意义上与情态动词相同在语气和意义上与情态动词相同 have/has/had to,be able to,used to dodidnt

25、use to,had better not do,would rather not do.Peters mother _an engineer.The weather _colder and colder.The dish _ good.The story _interesting.The dish of yours _delicious.He _to be very sad.This kind of cloth _very soft.She _rich within a short time.连系动词练习题连系动词练习题isturnssmellssoundstastesseemsfeelsg

26、rew情态动词练习题情态动词练习题1._I use your dictionary?2.The work _be finished as soon as possible.3.You _study hard in English.4.George _speak several languages.Maymustshouldcan非谓语动词练习题非谓语动词练习题1.Tell Mary that theres someone _for her at the door.A.waiting B.waited C.waits D.to wait 2.There,in the corner,sat thr

27、ee girls,_.A.sew B.were sewing C.to sew D.sewing 3.Do you know when the man she is looking forward to_?-This evening,I think.A.coming B.will come C.has come D.come4.Whether it will do us harm remains_.A.seen B.seeing C.being seen D.to be seen 非谓语动词练习题非谓语动词练习题6.-Do you believe there are aliens?-Im af

28、raid not.I dont think aliens _in space.A.can find B.can be found C.can be founded D.cant be found 7._the early train,youll have to get up early and rush in a taxi.A.Catching B.Caught C.To catch D.Catch 5.I wont go to the party even if_.A.inviting B.being invited C.invited D.having invited8.If he _ harder next time,he will catch up with us.(2002 北京西城区)A.work B.worked C.works D.will work THANK YOU!

展开阅读全文
相关资源
猜你喜欢
相关搜索
资源标签

当前位置:首页 > 初中 > 英语 > 中考专区 > 二轮专题
版权提示 | 免责声明

1,本文(2022年中考英语语法复习ppt课件-动词 .pptx)为本站会员(Q123)主动上传,163文库仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。
2,用户下载本文档,所消耗的文币(积分)将全额增加到上传者的账号。
3, 若此文所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私,请立即通知163文库(发送邮件至3464097650@qq.com或直接QQ联系客服),我们立即给予删除!


侵权处理QQ:3464097650--上传资料QQ:3464097650

【声明】本站为“文档C2C交易模式”,即用户上传的文档直接卖给(下载)用户,本站只是网络空间服务平台,本站所有原创文档下载所得归上传人所有,如您发现上传作品侵犯了您的版权,请立刻联系我们并提供证据,我们将在3个工作日内予以改正。


163文库-Www.163Wenku.Com |网站地图|