1、一个一个美丽的美丽的女孩女孩 a beautiful girl（形容词作前置定语）（形容词作前置定语）一个一个穿白色衣服的穿白色衣服的女孩女孩a girl in white（介词短语作后置定语）（介词短语作后置定语）一个一个正唱歌的正唱歌的女孩女孩 a girl who is singing (定语从句）定语从句）定语是句子成分之一，可以由单词、短语或从句担当，定语是句子成分之一，可以由单词、短语或从句担当，对名（代）词修饰和限制。名（代）词称为中心词。对名（代）词修饰和限制。名（代）词称为中心词。形容词作定语一般前置，短语和从句作定语要后置，形容词作定语一般前置，短语和从句作定语要后置，翻译
2、成翻译成“的的”。另外名词、数词、非谓语动词（短语）、介词短语。另外名词、数词、非谓语动词（短语）、介词短语也可以担当定语。也可以担当定语。Li Ming is a boy.Li Ming is a good boy .Li Ming is a good boy .形容词作定语形容词作定语介词短语作定语介词短语作定语在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做叫做定语从句定语从句。goodwith glasseswho is wearing glasses句子作定语句子作定语 先行词先行词引导词引导词(关系词）关系词）从句从句Mary is a girl who
3、 has long hair.（被修饰的名词或代词）（被修饰的名词或代词）（跟在先行词后，引（跟在先行词后，引 导从句的词）导从句的词）修饰先行词的句子修饰先行词的句子定语从句分析定语从句分析 结构：先行词结构：先行词+引导词引导词+从句从句引导词的作用引导词的作用:(1)引导定语从句引导定语从句 (2)在从句中作一成份在从句中作一成份 (3)代替先行词在从句中的位置代替先行词在从句中的位置 This is the card which I bought.先行词先行词引导词引导词(关系代词）关系代词）从句从句 (二二)关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句:1who 指人，在定语从句中作
4、主语。指人，在定语从句中作主语。who作主语作主语.(不能省不能省)This is the film star.The film star is very popular in China.This is the film star who is very popular in China.(作主语作主语)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwhohadlosthisway.Thatistheteacherwhoteachesusphysics.2whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。whom 作宾语：作宾语：(可省略可省略)The man is a famous writ
5、er.He met the man just now.The man(whom)he met just now is a famous writer.(作宾语）作宾语）Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.LiMingistheboy(whom)Iwanttosee.Theprofessor(whom)youarewaitingforiscoming.3which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。This is a dream.The dream will never come true.This is a dream w
6、hich will never come true.which 作主语作主语.(不能省不能省)（作主语）（作主语）which 作宾语作宾语：（可省略）可省略）This is the card.I bought the card.This is the card which/that)I bought.(（作宾语）（作宾语）This is the movie(which)he watched yesterday.4That指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。Whereistheman(that/whom)Isawthismorni
7、ng?Theperson(that/whom)youtoldmeisverykind.Theseasonthat/whichcomesafterspringissummer.5Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。whose 作定语作定语,表示所属关系。表示所属关系。The boy is my classmate.The boys father is a policeman.The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.Ivisitedascientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.
8、Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.Ioncelivedinthehousewhoseroofwasred.小结：小结：that 既可指人，也可指物，作主语，既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。which指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略语，可以省略.who 指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略语，可以省略,（常用（常用whom）注注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。从句的谓语动词形式
9、由先行词定。The boy is Tom.The boy is smiling.The boy is Tom.The boy has a big face.The boy who is smiling is Tom.(主语主语)The boy who has a big face is Tom.The boy is Tom.The boy sits in front of me.The man who sits in front of me is Tom.The woman got the job.The woman can speak English.The woman who can sp
10、eak English got the job.The teacher will give us a talk.The teacher is famous.The teacher who is famous will give us a talk.The man is kind.Everyone likes the man.The man(whom)everyone likes is kind.The woman got the job.We saw the woman on the street.The woman(whom)we saw on the street got the job.
11、The teacher will give us a talk.We met the teacher yesterday.The teacher(whom)we met yesterday will give us a talk.Do you know the man?The man came to visit you today.Do you know the man who came to visit you today?Do you know the man?You will visit the man today.Do you know the man whom you will vi
12、sit today?Mrs.Clark is angry with the cat.The cat is eating her flowers.Mrs.Clark is angry with the cat which is eating her flowers.Can you lend me the book?You talked about the book last night.Can you lend me the book(which)you talked about last night.Matchthetwosentences1.Imreadingabook.ThebookisaboutBillGates._2.Heisateacher.TheteacherteachesusChinese._3.Idontliketheman.Heissmoking._4.Whereisthepicture?Youboughtitlastweek._Imreadingabookthat/whichisaboutBillGates.Heisateacherwho/thatteachesusChinese.Idontlikethemanwhoissmoking.Whereisthepicturethatyouboughtlastweek?
