1、中考英语语法之动词的被动语态目录Catalog1.蛮不讲理胜败我都赢2.夯实基础被动语态的基本结构和用法3.各个击破各种时态的被动语态4.处变不惊特殊结构的被动语态5.随机应变含to的被动语态短语6.赛后总结备战中考，迎奥运PART 01PART 01蛮不讲理胜败我都赢有没有那么一个时刻让你感动过中国队大胜美国队。The Chinese team trounced the American team.中国队大败美国队。The Chinese team trounced the American team.胜败都是我赢拿下被动语态PART 02PART 02夯实基础被动语态的基本结构和用法被动语
2、态的用法我们之前学过的句子大部分都是主动语态，那什么时候会用到被动语态呢？看把你急的，一点也沉不住气，着什么急，你这样怎么当队长听我慢慢道来语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语中有两种语态：主动语态（Active Voice）和被动语态（Passive Voice）。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。主动语态：人们喜爱排球。People love volleyball.被动语态：排球被人们所喜爱。Volleyball is loved by p
3、eople.夯实基础-从了解语态开始被动语态的使用情况：1.当我们需要突出强调动作的承受者时；John was elected monitor of the class.2.不知道谁是动作的执行者时；My wallet was stolen.3.没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者。The teaching building was built in 2000.被动语态的构成：主语+be+过去分词+（by+动作执行者）+其他.被动语态概述规则动词的过去分词和过去式完全一致动词的过去分词教练，过去分词我没学好，再给我讲讲吧。前面讲现在完成时的时候你就总是走神儿，这次可要记好了。规则动词的过去分词和过去式
4、完全一致1.一般在动词末尾加-ed2.以不发音e字母结尾的，加-d3.以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed动词的过去分词记好了，这是基本功。动词的过去分词什么都要我给你讲，自己不会多下点功夫吗？不规则动词的过去分词在课本最后的表格里。给你一周时间记熟，不然离开国家队。好像还有不规则变化的吧？好吧，保证完成任务。主动语态变为被动语态的方法：第一步:将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语;第二步:将主动语态的谓语改为“be+及物动词的过去分词”结构;第三步:将主动语态的主语改为介词by的宾语,放在谓语之后(有时可省略
5、)。被动语态概述 People love volleyball.（主动变被动）volleyball is loved by people.主 谓 宾PART 03PART 03各个击破各种时态的被动语态被动语态大作战一般现在时态的被动语态：主语+过去分词+（by+动作执行者）+其他 These boxes _ for keeping the food clean and cool.A.useB.are usedC.have usedD.were using.amisare I clean the blackboard._2.My mother often washes clothes in t
6、he evening._3.My father seldom watches TV._基本功训练 I clean the blackboard.2.My mother often washes the clothes in the evening3.We often play football on the playground.基本功训练The blackboard is cleaned by me.The clothes are often washed by my mother in the evening.The football is often played by us on th
7、e playgound.一般过去时态的被动语态：主语+was/were+过去分词+（by+动作执行者）+其他.My grandmother said that the old house with a garden _ 50 years ago.A.builtB.had builtC.was builtD.is built被动语态大作战基本功训练1.Who is that little boy in the photo?Its me.It _ when I was five.A.was taken B.took C.is taken2.A:The school has a long histo
8、ry.B:Yes,it _ more than l00 years ago.A.built B.is built C.was built3.McDonalds restaurants _ in Crimea(克里米亚)by the company on Apr 4th,2014.A.closed B.are closed C.were closed基本功训练1.Who is that little boy in the photo?Its me.It _ when I was five.A.was taken B.took C.is taken2.A:The school has a long
9、 history.B:Yes,it _ more than l00 years ago.A.built B.is built C.was built3.McDonalds restaurants _ in Crimea(克里米亚)by the company on Apr 4th,2014.A.closed B.are closed C.were closed一般将来时态的被动语态：主语+will be+过去分词+（by+动作执行者）+其他.These plans are all suitable.I havent decided which one to choose.Its OK.You
10、_ plenty of time to make a decision.A.gaveB.give C.will give D.will be given被动语态大作战基本功训练1.The meeting _(hold)next month.2.Jerry will _(send)to hospital in a few minutes.3.A talk _(give)by the headmaster this afternoon.4.-Its said that there is always something mysterious happening in the small mount
11、ain village.-Ive heard of it.And it_(name)Mystery Village next year.基本功训练1.The meeting _(hold)next month.2.Jerry will _(send)to hospital in a few minutes.3.A talk _(give)by the headmaster this afternoon.4.-Its said that there is always something mysterious happening in the small mountain village.-Iv
12、e heard of it.And it_(name)Mystery Village next year.will be heldbe sentwill be givenwill be named现在完成时的被动语态：主语+have/has+been+过去分词+（by+动作执行者）+其他.So far,most of the work _ by others,its your turn to do the rest of it.A.has finishedB.finishedC.has been finishedD.is finished被动语态大作战基本功训练1.-Lily,will you
13、 go to Jennys birthday party this Saturday?-Im not sure.Because I _so far.A.have invited B.wasnt invited C.havent been invited D.will be invited2.Will you attend the meeting this afternoon?But I _ anything about it yet.A.wasnt told B.havent been toldC.didnt tell D.wont tell基本功训练1.-Lily,will you go t
14、o Jennys birthday party this Saturday?-Im not sure.Because I_so far.A.have invited B.wasnt invited C.havent been invited D.will be invited2.Will you attend the meeting this afternoon?But I _ anything about it yet.A.wasnt told B.havent been toldC.didnt tell D.wont tell含有情态动词的被动语态：主语+情态动词+be+过去分词+（by+
15、动作执行者）+其他.-I dont think sixteen-year-olds _ to drive.-I agree.They arent serious enough at that age.()A.can allow B.need be allowed C.should allow D.should be allowed被动语态大作战基本功训练1.I dont think sixteen-year-olds _ to drive.I agree.They arent serious enough at that age.A.can allow B.need be allowed C.
16、should allow D.should be allowed2.How often do I need to feed the dog?It _ food every day,or it will be hungry.A.must give B.must be give C.must gave D.must be given基本功训练1.I dont think sixteen-year-olds _ to drive.I agree.They arent serious enough at that age.A.can allow B.need be allowed C.should a
17、llow D.should be allowed2.How often do I need to feed the dog?It _ food every day,or it will be hungry.A.must give B.must be give C.must gave D.must be given进行时态的被动语态：主语+being+过去分词+（by+动作执行者）+其他.Chinas high-speed trains _ and perfected now.A.developedB.have developed C.are being developedD.will have
18、 been developed被动语态大作战am/is/arewas/were一般现在时：主语+am/is/are+过去分词一般过去时：主语+was/were+过去分词一般将来时：主语+will+be+过去分词现在完成时：主语+have/has+been+过去分词含情态动词：主语+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词现在进行时：主语+am/is/are+being+过去分词过去进行时：主语+was/were+being+过去分词重点总结勇闯11关1.Good books _ again and again.A.should be readed B.should be read
19、 C.must read D.ought to read2.The children _ by the nurse.A.were looked B.looked afterC.were looked after D.looked3.He _ some pieces of advice，but he _ to them.A.gave，didnt listen B.was given，wasnt listenedC.give，wasnt listened D.was given，didnt listen4.When _the accident_？A.was，happen B.did，happen
20、C.is，happen D.was，happened5.The question_ by us soon.A.is going to discuss B.will discuss C.is going to be discussed D.has been discussed勇闯11关6.The lab_ about five years ago.A.was builded B.was built C.builds D.has been built7.A lot of tall buildings _in his hometown in the last three years.A.have s
21、et up B.have been set up C.were set up D.set up8.I want to sit at the table near the window.Sorry,_ already.A.it took B.it takes C.it is taking D.it has been taken勇闯11关9.Rice also in their hometown.A.is.grown B.is.grew C.was.grew D.was.grown10.He by the teachers.A.is always praised B.praises C.have
22、been praised D.always is praised11.Great changes place.Many new schools .A.have taken,have been opened B.take,are openC.are taken,open D.have been taken,are opened勇闯11关参考答案1.B2.C3.D4.B5.C6.B7.B8.D9.A10.A11.A胜利凯旋PART 04PART 04处变不惊特殊结构的被动语态含有双宾语的被动语态：He gave me a book.I a book by him.A book me by him.
23、被动语态大作战含有双宾语的被动语态：He gave me a book.I was given a book by him.A book was given to me by him.类似用法的动词：buy,give,leave,lend,pay,show,teach,tell,bring,pass,sell,send如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。被动语态大作战Its known/reported/said/believed（that）.Its said that it will rain soon.据说很快要下雨
24、。Its reported the presedent will visit China.据报道总统将要访问中国。Its believed the story is true.众所周知这个故事是真实的。被动语态的特殊句式1.need,want,require（要求，需要）/be worth（值得）1）这些幼苗将需要小心的照管。These young seedlings will need looking after.2）这座古建筑需要修了。The old building requires repairing.3）这本书值得一读。The book is worth reading.主动结构表被
25、动含义2.官系动词：look（看起来）/sound（听起来）/taste（尝起来）/feel（感觉起来）/smell（闻起来）1）我们穿着制服很难看。Uniforms look ugly on us.2）月饼尝起来很好吃。Moon cakes taste delicious.注意：感官动词作系动词用时,没有被动语态，作行为动词用时,有被动语态.。主动结构表被动含义3.sell,wash,write,read,clean,cook,break,catch,drive,lock,open等词作不及物动词时，主语为物。它们被用来描述主语特征，通常与well,easily,smoothly等副词连用。
26、1）这种钢笔写起来很流畅。This kind of pen writes very smoothly.2）这种样式的衬衫在这儿卖得很好。This kind of shirt sells well here.3）这种布料很容易清洗。This kind of cloth washes easily.主动结构表被动含义【例题精讲】Your hair wants _.Youd better have it done tomorrow.A.cut B.to cut C.cutting D.being cut 主动结构表被动含义【例题精讲】Your hair wants _.Youd better hav
27、e it done tomorrow.A.cut B.to cut C.cutting D.being cut【考点精析】选C.本题考查主动结构表被动含义：want/need/require doing=want/need/require to be done 根据句意“你的头发需要剪了。”hair和cut之间是被动关系，根据want主动表被动的用法，用cutting。主动结构表被动含义1.-How do you like the material?-Very much.It _soft and nice.A.feels B.is felt C.is feeling D.felt 2.-Do
28、you like the new pen?-Yes.It _ very well.A.is written B.is writing C.wrote D.writes课堂练习1.-How do you like the material?-Very much.It _soft and nice.A.feels B.is felt C.is feeling D.felt 2.-Do you like the new pen?-Yes.It _ very well.A.is written B.is writing C.wrote D.writes【答案】1.A 2.D课堂练习1.这种裤子卖的很好
29、。This kind of pants _well.2.那个故事听起来很有趣。That story _interesting.3.那本小说值得读。That novel is worth _.4.我的手表需要修理。My watch needs _.课堂练习1.这种裤子卖的很好。This kind of pants _well.2.那个故事听起来很有趣。That story _interesting.3.那本小说值得读。That novel is worth _.4.我的手表需要修理。My watch needs _.【答案】1.sells 2.sounds 3.reading 4.repairi
30、ng课堂练习PART 05PART 05随机应变含to的被动语态短语【例题精讲】In the past the children were made _15 hours a day.A.to lock B.work C.to work D.lock含to的被动语态短语【例题精讲】In the past the children were made _15 hours a day.A.to lock B.work C.to work D.lock【考点精析】C.使役动词make sb.do结构变被动时要还原省略掉的to，即be made to do结构。含to的被动语态短语四看（look/see
31、/watch/notice）三使（make/have/let）两听（listen to/hear）一感觉（feel）A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.The boss made the little boy do heavy work.The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.变被动还原to：四看三使两听一感觉主动变被动：1.We often see him pla
32、y football._.2.The boss made his workers work 12 hours a day._.3.I heard her sing an English song just now._.4.I felt the ship roll._.从零开始主动变被动：1.We often see him play football._.2.The boss made his workers work 12 hours a day._.3.I heard her sing an English song just now._.4.I felt the ship roll._.
33、为下一场比赛准备着He is often seen to play football.The workers were made to work 12 hours a day by the boss.She was heard to sing an English song just now.The ship was felt to roll.PART 06PART 06赛后总结备战中考，迎奥运1.一般现在时：主语+_2.一般过去时：主语+_3.一般将来时：主语+_4.现在完成时：主语+_5.含情态动词：主语+_6.现在进行时：主语+_7.过去进行时：主语+_ 8.双宾语的被动语态？9.特殊句式的被动结构？10.主动结构表被动意义?11.含to的被动语态短语?赛后总结备战中考，迎奥运教练，咱都11连胜了，把人家都打怕了，以后没人和咱们玩了，怎么办呀？没关系，到时候男足还会一家家的道歉，来而不往，非礼也！同学们，加油哦，期待你中考获胜，再来为2020奥运会女排姑娘加油！
