1、专题十八专题十八 阅读理解阅读理解中考英语语法专题本专题内容适用于7-9年级学生本专题一般共需4课时第三课时 阅读理解一、猜测词义题解题要点二、猜测词义题的常见的提问形式三、巩固练习同义法 常在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or，它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可以推测。反义法 如 hot and cold,give and receive等，或前句为肯定，后句为否定。总之，词与词间都起着互为线索的作用。释义法 对文章中的生词用定语（从句）、表语甚至于用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明。猜测词义型情景推断法、代词替代法，构词法等1）文中找线索或信息词;2)根据熟悉的词及
2、词义判断新单词之意；3）根据上下文判断新词汇在特定句中确切意思。一、做题要领1.The word“”refers to/probably means/could best be replaced by _.2.What do you think the expression“”stands for?3.The underlined sentence“”means _.4 By saying“”we mean_5“”as used in the passage,can be best defined as _.二、猜测词义题的常见的提问形式 Most women in Ghana the edu
3、cated and illiterate,the urban and rural,the young and old work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers.Their reputation for economic independence,self-reliance,and hard work is well known and well deserved(应得的，值得的).Q:Which of the following is closest in me
4、aning to the underlined word“illiterate”A.repeat B.reiterated C.uneducated D.sick1.反义词法和构词法解 释 这段文字中讲到加纳这个国家中的大多数妇女，受过教育的 （educated）和没有受过教育的（illiterate）；住在城市的（urban）和住在农村的（rural），年轻的（young）和年长的（old）正好是一对对反义词。因此选 C 项。本题答案选本题答案选C C2.情景推断法 Even a child knows that nodding(点头)the head means Yes.But some
5、people will probably be puzzled(迷惑的)when they first come to India.When they talk to an Indian,he often shakes his head.They might think that the Indian does not like what he said,but on the contrary,he is expressing agreement.The phrase on the contrary means_.A.正相反 B.总之 C.与之相同 D.在另一方面 1.Now we didnt
6、 know what to do.It was just too late.We were busy with Christmas dinner and packing childrens presents,parents presents.a brothers present and friends presents till midnight.So there was no time to take to buy the right bike for our little girl.Thinking that we were parents who would make their chi
7、ld unhappy,we felt guilty and sad.The word guilty in the third paragraph means _.A.unhappy B.worried C.happy D.sorry 3.同义或近义词法 2.One evening last July,my old car broke down on a highway.It was an hour before sunset,and I was 25 miles from home.I couldnt reach anyone to pick me up,so I decided to tak
8、e a bus.In the first paragraph,pick.up best means _.A.take hold of and lift B.choose carefully C.give someone a ride.D.hear or learn If youve planted seeds(种子),you can expect too many plants to come out.You have to clear some away,so that the plants left will have room to grow.This is called thinnin
9、g.The Chinese for thinning(in the fourth paragraph)is _.A.拔苗 B.间苗 C.除草 D.育苗 4.释义法 1.Every December in London,the National Cage and Aviary Bird Show tries to find the best talking bird in the world.One bird named Prudle stood out among the talking birds.She won this prize for 12 years from 1965 to 19
10、76.What dose the word stand out mean in this passage?A.站出来 B.飞起来 C.脱颖而出 D.取出来 Quiz Can you guess more?2.Plants must also have a place in which to put down their roots and grow.They find it difficult to grow on hard land.The town is built on hard land.The plants here have only the soil found between
11、the cracks of the stones to grow in.What does the underlined word cracks mean in the text?A.缝隙B.表面 C.夹层 D.底部3.There are three ways to cut down on trash.One way is to recycle.Another way to cut down on trash is to reuse things The third way to cut down on trash is to reduce the amount of trash you ma
12、ke,stop buying thing that you dont need in the first place.That reduce the amount of the earths resources that you use.The word“reduce”in the passage means A 还原 B 减少 C 增加 D 降价 1.A professor from New York University once went to a remote area to do some science research.One day,he ate some thing wron
13、g and became sick,but it was too far to go back to the city.“I have to see a doctor,”he said to a local.“How can I be sure of getting a good one?”The word“remote”in the first sentence means _.A.遥远的 B.繁华的C.附近的 D.城市的真题演练 2.Once we climbed a very high mountain.It was so challenging for me because I was
14、 only ten years old.During the first few hours of climbing,I enjoyed the flowers and trees,and the birds singing,but as time passed,I got a pain in both of my legs.I want to quit climbing.In fact,I hated it at that moment,but my father said to me,“You can always see a beautiful sky at the top of the
15、 mountain,but you cant see it before you reach the top.Only there at the top,can you see all of the nice things,just like in life.”The word“quit”in the passage means _.A.carry on B.put offC.give up D.pick up So,by the year 2300,there was so many people that food became scarce.There was no water to g
16、row food and all of the fish in the lakes and seas died because of pollution.Terrible wars broke out between the rich and the poor.Science were working very hard to find another planet in space where humans could live.Whats the meaning of“scarce”in the passage?A.昂贵的 B.充足的C.缺乏的 D.特殊的课时总结1.根据定义，解释2.根据定语从句3.根据同义词、近义词、反义词关系4.根据对比，因果关系5.根据举的例子6.根据重述表达猜词义题解题思路
