1、中考语法复习专题七 形容词和副词目录定义分类01考点清单02考点知识归纳03考点过关04中考真题05（一）形容词和副词 011.形容词是描述人和事物特征、性质、属性或状态的词。主要用来修饰名词名词或不定代词不定代词。一般置于所修饰的名词之前、不定代词之后。如：a kind girl,a bright boy,a beautiful horse,someone important,nobody else2.副词是用来修饰动词动词、形容词形容词、其他副词其他副词或全句全句的词。如：She is sitting there quietly.He runs fast.Luckily,she got h
2、ome safely.形容词和副词在历年中考中都是必考的内容.复习中一定要将此作为重点来练习。1.Those flowers are very _(beautiful).2.She is _(kind)than the other two.3.The population of that city is three times _(large)than that of the small town.4.Who writes _(careful),Kate or Tom?5.This meeting room is _(big)enough to hold 500 people.6.The _(
3、hard)you work,the _ (much)you will learn.7.In winter,the days are getting _ and _(short).（二）考点知识清单考点知识测练（用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空）beautiful02kinderlargermore carefullybighardermoreshortershorter8.He is one of the _(friendly)persons in the class,I think.9.He is the _(bad)at English of all the subjects.
4、10.This book is not as _(useful)as that one.11.The box is too _(heavy)for such a little boy to carry.12.Changjiang is one of _(long)rivers in the world.13.He is _(fat)than any other student in his class.14.He doesnt draw as _(well)as his sister does.15.This is _ (happy)day that I have ever had.frien
5、dliestworstusefulheavythe longestfatter well the happiest考点知识归纳0303表一 形容词的基本作用作用例句定语Its a beautiful park.这是一座美丽的公园。表语The zoo is interesting.这个动物园有趣。补语Who left the window open?谁把窗开着的？状语He finally came back,safe and sound.他最终安然无恙地回来了。注意多个形容词排序的记忆口诀：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄与新老，颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。即：限定词(冠词、代词、数词等)描绘性形容
6、词(beautiful、interesting)大小、长短、高低形容词形状、年龄、新旧形容词颜色、国籍、出处、材料形容词用途、类别形容词 中心名词。例：There is a big round conference table in the hall.大厅里有一张大的圆会议桌。表二 形容词后置情形例句修饰不定代词时There is nothing new in todays newspaper.今天的报纸没有什么新的东西？当表语形容词alone,awake,alive,asleep,alike等作定语时He is the most famous scientist alive in the w
7、orld today.他是当今世界上健在的最著名的科学家。else修饰疑问代词和不定代词What else do you know?你还知道别的什么？形容词构成的短语作定语A man carried a bag full of rice on his back一个男人肩上扛着满满一袋的米。表三 副词的种类分类举例时间副词now,today,recently,late,soon,yet等。频率副词often,always,usually,seldom,frequently等。地点、方向副词away,abroad,anywhere,downstairs,home,here,there等。方式副词c
8、learly,carefully,alone,slowly,quickly等。程度副词almost,a little,much,very,rather,quite,fairly,deeply等。疑问连接副词when,where,why,how等。否定副词not,hardly,scarcely,rarely,never等。其他副词even,also,only,too,perhaps等。表四 副词的位置情形情形例句例句修饰动词副词放在实意动词实意动词之前之前,助动词之后助动词之后。He was walking slowly.他在慢慢地走。修饰形容词副词一般放在形容词形容词之前之前。The book
9、 is quite interesting.这本书是很有趣的。修饰其他副词副词一般放在其他副词其他副词之前之前。He runs really fast.他跑得真快。频率副词频率副词(always,often,usually,never,seldom,hardly,等)要放在实义动词实义动词之前之前，bebe动词、助动词、情态动词动词、助动词、情态动词之后之后。I will never forget such a good friend.我永远不会忘记一位那样的好朋友。连接副词或修饰全句连接副词或修饰整个句子做评论性状语的副词多置于置于句首句首，作评注性状语。Fortunately,he was
10、 not drowned and was saved by a kind fisherman.幸运的是，他没有被淹死而是被善良的渔夫救了起来。表五 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级分类变化规则原级比较级最高级最高级单音节直接在词尾加直接在词尾加erer或或estesttalltallertallest以以e e结尾结尾,先去先去e,e,再加再加erer或或estestnicenicernicest辅辅+元元+辅结尾辅结尾,先双写后辅先双写后辅音音,再加再加erer或或estesthotbighotterbiggerhottestbiggest双音节辅辅+y+y结尾结尾,改改y y为为i,i,再加再
11、加erer或或est est busyearlybusierearlierbusiestearliest以形容词加以形容词加-y-y构成的副词构成的副词,加加more,mostmore,mostslowlymore slowlymost slowly少数双音节形容词既可加少数双音节形容词既可加-er est,er est,也可加也可加 more,more,mostmostcommon,handsome,polite,quiet,pleasant,tired,stupid,和以-ow,-er,-le结尾的词narrow,simple,clever其他双音节其他双音节,大都在前面加大都在前面加mo
12、re,mostmore,mostfamousmore famousmost famous多音节前面直接加前面直接加moremore或或most most interestingmore interestingmost interesting表六 比较级和最高级的不规则变化助记原级比较级最高级好good/wellbetterbest坏bad/ill/badlyworseworst多many/muchmoremost少littlelessleast远 farfarther强调距离fathest强调距离further强调程度furthest强调程度老 oldolder强调年龄oldest强调年龄el
13、der强调次第/长幼eldest强调次第/长幼表七 形容词和副词比较级的用法结构结构意思意思as+形容词/副词+as和和.一样一样Lily is as tall as her brother.not as/so+形容词/副词+as不及不及/不如不如.Jack doesnt work as hard as Tom.so+形容词/副词+that从句如此如此.以致于以致于.Mary is so kind that everyone likes her.such+a(an)+形容词+名词 that如此如此.以致于以致于Mary is such a kind girl that everyone lik
14、es her.too+形容词/副词+to do sth.太太.而不能而不能Kate is too young to drive a car.形容词/副词+enough to do sth.足够足够.The hall is large enough to hold 1000 people.倍数+as+形容词/副词+as表示倍数表示倍数This room is twice bigger than that one.形容词/副词比较级+than.表示比较表示比较 Robert is taller than Jim.表八 形容词和副词最高级的用法结构意思.one of the+最高级+名词复数最最.之
15、一之一New York is one of the largest cities in the world.最高级+of(in/among).最最.Li Ming is the tallest in our class.比较级+thank any other+n.(单数)+of(in/among).比比.任何一个都任何一个都.Li Ming is taller than any other student in our class.This is/was the+最高级+名词+that定语从句这是这是.中中.最最.的的This is the most exciting news that Ch
16、ina is going to hold the 24thWinter Olympics.be+序数词+最高级+可数名词的单数+of(in/among).这是这是.中中.第几最第几最.的的The Yellow River is the second longest rivers in China.注意注意:(1)有的词既是副词又是形容词。如：fast,late,hard,early,deep(2)hard 既是形容词也是副词,作形容词形容词是意为“困难的;艰苦的;坚硬的”,作副词副词时意为“努力地;猛烈地”。Hardly的意思是“几乎不”,它和hard的意思完全不同。如：He studies
17、hard.他努力学习。He hardly studies.他几乎不学习。(3)有许多副词是从形容词转化而来的。一般在形容词词尾加上-ly构成。如：carefulcarefully bad badly slow slowly(4)有些单词以“ly”结尾，但却是形容词而非副词。如：friendly、lively、lonely、lovely等。(5)在比较级前可以用even,a bit,a little,a lot,much,still,far等修饰，表程度。如：He is far healthier than before.I write much more words than Sally.(6
18、)-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别:-ed-ed形容词形容词一般修饰人，意为“感到”；-ing形容词形容词一般修饰物，意为“令人的”。如：interested/interesting；excited/exciting;frightened/frightening;surprised/surprising等。(7)形容词最高级前一般要加the,当其前已有限定词(序数词、物主代词、批示代词或名词所有格等）修饰时，不用加the;副词最高级前不加the。如：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。1.Bob is
19、 _(young)and _(clever)than Fred.2.Her mother is getting _ and _(thin).3.Li Deming looks _(fat)than the other children after the holidays.4.Which is _(heavy),the tiger or the monkey?5.Saturday is my _(busy)day in a week.6.Annie says Sally is the _(nice)person in the world.7.A dictionary is much _(exp
20、ensive)than a story-book.8.The orange is a little _(big)than the apple,but much _(small)than the watermelon.9.This park is less _(beautiful)than that one.10.Football is not so _(popular)as basketball in the USA.考点知识过关一、用括号里的词的适当形式填空。04youngerclevererthinnerthinnerfatterheavierbusiestnicestmore expen
21、sivebiggersmallerbeautifulpopular二、二、完成句子。完成句子。1.她的卧室比玛丽的稍微干净一些。Her bedroom is _ _ _ _ Marys.2.杰克的父亲比母亲大两岁。Jacks father is _ _ _ than his mother.3.我们的教室比他们的明亮得多。Our classroom is _ _ than theirs.4.当心!这条路越来越危险。Look out!The road is becoming _ and _ _.5.他变得越来越懒惰了。He is becoming _ _ _.abitcleanerthantwoy
22、earsoldermuch brightermoremoredangerouslazierandlazier6.数学和语文一样重要。Math is _ _ _ Chinese.7.所有问题中你的最容易。Your question is _ _ of all.8.你读得越多,就学得越多。_ _ you read,_ _ you will learn.9.他的身体状况越来越糟糕。He is getting _ _ _.10.他对英语更感兴趣。He is _ _ in English.asimportantastheeasiestThemorethemoreworseandworsemoreinte
23、rested中考真题过关训练051.The children hold their books close as they say good-bye and run home _.A.cheerB.cheerfulC.cheerfullyD.more cheerful2.Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as _ as possible for humans.A.safeB.saferC.safestD.the safest3._ the result was different for Ham and Monkey.A.LuckB.L
24、uckyC.LuckierD.Luckily4.In the Soviet Union,life was very _.A.hardB.harderC.hardestD.the hardest5.He stirred the tea well and carried it into the living room _.A.careB.carefulC.carefullyD.careless中考真题精选（单项选择）1.Whose home is _,Peters or Bobs?A.farB.farerC.fartherD.further2.Please do your homework as
25、_ as _.A.careful;usualB.careful;usually C.carefully;usual D.carefully;usually3.How _ I am!A.hungryB.hungrierC.hungrilyD.more hungrily4._,Sandy passed the Maths exam this time.A.LuckB.LuckyC.LucklyD.Luckily5.The boy passed the ball to me _.A.quickB.quicklyC.quickerD.quickest中考考点精练精测（单项选择）6.He looks v
26、ery _ today.A.happyB.happierC.happiest D.happily7.A horse is _ than a donkey.A.strongerB.more strongC.less strong D.much more strong8.Mike is a hard-working boy.He does even _ than Jim at school.A.wellB.betterC.more betterD.best9.Its very _ to play with fire.A.dangerousB.dangerouslyC.more dangerous D.more dangerously10.The students have a _ time at Anns birthday party.A.wonderB.wondersC.wonderful D.wonderfullyThank you very much
