1、2022中考英语阅读理解典例精讲中考英语阅读理解典例精讲科技主题科技主题标段落划中文划每段首句阅读理解做题好习惯阅读理解做题好习惯细节理解题主旨大意题1、划划出题干关键词：大写、人名、数字等1、关注首尾段（或首尾句）2、找关键词；高频词；转折词3、串线法2、定定位段落 一题一文法，文题顺序走定位该段落句子 找关键词3、比对比选项和原文推理判断题词义猜测题1、整合全文（段）信息进行推断2、利用语境的褒贬性进行推断3、根据文章的结论推断作者的态度4、根据上下文的逻辑得出结论1、根据定义猜测词义2、根据举例猜测词义3、根据上下文关系（因果、并 列、同反义等）猜测词义正确选项特征：同词复现、同义转换、
2、符合常识错误选项特征：以偏概全；主题扩大；无中生有解题方法解题方法1.When it comes to long-distance space travel,the biggest problem is that spaceships can only get as far as the fuel onboard allows.In 1964,a British writer Clarke came up with the idea of“solar sailing”in his science fiction.He wrote of large,mirror-like sails that
3、collect power from the sun and free spaceships from the limitation of fuel.2.This sci-fi idea was first successfully brought to reality(现实)in 2010 by Japans IKAROS satellite.Ever since then,the technology has improved mission by mission,with the latest being NASAs Advanced Composite Solar Sail 3(ACS
4、3).NASA has recently announced that its going to team up with Lithuanias satellite-building company Nano Avionics to test its new sail in low-Earth orbit.3.To many,a solar sail(太阳帆)may look like a giant solar panel(太阳能电池板),but it actual works very differently.While solar panels take in energy from t
5、he sun and change it into power,solar sails use photons(光子)given off by the sun to create direct power.Besides,solar panels are big and heavy to carry,while solar sails are just the opposite.4.According to Abbott,the CEO of NanoAvionics,the upcoming low-Earth orbit trial with NASA,if successful,will
6、 be followed with deep-space missions that involve larger solar sails.These are ideal for low-cost and long-distance space travel because fuel will no longer be a problem.5.“It started as a sci-fi dream,”Popular Mechanics reporter Jennifer Leman wrote.“Now it could be the future of space flight.”1.W
7、hat can we say about solar sailing according to the first two paragraphs?A.It was widely used in space travel.B.It was first tried by IKAROS satellite.C.It was from the creative idea by Clarke.2.Which of the following words best describe solar sails compared with solar panels?A.Big and heavy.B.Small
8、 and light.C.Powerful and large.3.What does the underlined word These in paragraph 4 refer to?A.Larger solar sails.B.Deep-space missions.C.Long-distance space flights.4.What is the best title for the text?A.Solar Sail:the Latest TechnologyB.Solar Sail:from Dream to RealityC.Solar Sail:a New Kind of
9、Spaceship1.When it comes to long-distance space travel,the biggest problem is that spaceships can only get as far as the fuel onboard allows.In 1964,a British writer Clarke came up with the idea of“solar sailing”in his science fiction.He wrote of large,mirror-like sails that collect power from the s
10、un and free spaceships from the limitation of fuel.长途太空旅行，燃料问题 n.燃料fuel/fjul/2.This sci-fi idea was first successfully brought to reality(现实)in 2010 by Japans IKAROS satellite.Ever since then,the technology has improved mission by mission,with the latest being NASAs Advanced Composite Solar Sail 3(A
11、CS3).NASA has recently announced that its going to team up with Lithuanias satellite-building company Nano Avionics to test its new sail in low-Earth orbit.这个想法实现3.To many,a solar sail(太阳帆)may look like a giant solar panel(太阳能电池板),but it actual works very differently.While solar panels take in energ
12、y from the sun and change it into power,solar sails use photons(光子)given off by the sun to create direct power.Besides,solar panels are big and heavy to carry,while solar sails are just the opposite.太阳帆和电池板的不同4.According to Abbott,the CEO of NanoAvionics,the upcoming low-Earth orbit trial with NASA,
13、if successful,will be followed with deep-space missions that involve larger solar sails.These are ideal for low-cost and long-distance space travel because fuel will no longer be a problem.5.“It started as a sci-fi dream,”Popular Mechanics reporter Jennifer Leman wrote.“Now it could be the future of
14、 space flight.”太阳帆，深空任务梦想实现长途太空旅行，燃料问题这个想法实现太阳帆和电池板不同太阳帆，深空任务梦想实现太阳帆让长途太空旅行能够实现文章关键词：solar sail?文章结构分析文章结构分析1.When it comes to long-distance space travel,the biggest problem is that spaceships can only get as far as the fuel onboard allows.In 1964,a British writer Clarke came up with the idea of“sol
15、ar sailing”in his science fiction.He wrote of large,mirror-like sails that collect power from the sun and free spaceships from the limitation of fuel.1.What can we say about solar sailing according to the first two paragraphs?A.It was widely used in space travel.B.It was first tried by IKAROS satell
16、ite.C.It was from the creative idea by Clarke.细节理解题无中生有无中生有1.What can we say about solar sailing according to the first two paragraphs?A.It was widely used in space travel.B.It was first tried by IKAROS satellite.C.It was from the creative idea by Clarke.2.This sci-fi idea was first successfully bro
17、ught to reality(现实)in 2010 by Japans IKAROS satellite.Ever since then,the technology has improved mission by mission,with the latest being NASAs Advanced Composite Solar Sail 3(ACS3).NASA has recently announced that its going to team up with Lithuanias satellite-building company Nano Avionics to tes
18、t its new sail in low-Earth orbit.B.细节理解题1.When it comes to long-distance space travel,the biggest problem is that spaceships can only get as far as the fuel onboard allows.In 1964,a British writer Clarke came up with the idea of“solar sailing”in his science fiction.He wrote of large,mirror-like sai
19、ls that collect power from the sun and free spaceships from the limitation of fuel.1.What can we say about solar sailing according to the first two paragraphs?A.It was widely used in space travel.B.It was first tried by IKAROS satellite.C.It was from the creative idea by Clarke.C.C细节理解题3.To many,a s
20、olar sail(太阳帆)may look like a giant solar panel(太阳能电池板),but it actual works very differently.While solar panels take in energy from the sun and change it into power,solar sails use photons(光子)given off by the sun to create direct power.Besides,solar panels are big and heavy to carry,while solar sail
21、s are just the opposite.2.Which of the following words best describe solar sails compared with solar panels?A.Big and heavy.B.Small and light.C.Powerful and large.B推理判断题B.4.According to Abbott,the CEO of NanoAvionics,the upcoming low-Earth orbit trial with NASA,if successful,will be followed with de
22、ep-space missions that involve larger solar sails.These are ideal for low-cost and long-distance space travel because fuel will no longer be a problem.3.What does the underlined word These in paragraph 4 refer to?A.Larger solar sails.B.Deep-space missions.C.Long-distance space flights.B词意猜测题B.4.What
23、 is the best title for the text?A.Solar Sail:the Latest TechnologyB.Solar Sail:from Dream to RealityC.Solar Sail:a New Kind of SpaceshipB主旨大意题fuel/fjul/n.燃料give off发出，散发出ideal/adil/adj.完美的；理想的；最合适的involve/nvlv/v.包含；需要mission/mn/n.任务，旅行opposite/pzt/adj.相反的；迥然不同的reality/rilti/n.现实；实际情况solar/sl(r)/adj.
24、太阳的；太阳能的词汇积累词汇积累Think about all the other service workers we have in this community,We have people who collect waste and rubbish and keep our community sanitary,We have road workers who put up and repair traffic signs and fix holes in the streets to protect not just us,but our cars!And where would t
25、his community be without the teachers in our school and the doctors,and nurses in our community hospitals?3.What does the underlined word sanitary mean?A.Clean.B.Safe.B.C.Quiet.D.Busy.A猜测词义拓展练习猜测词义拓展练习Plastic bags are often used in our everyday life.The number of used plastic bags is increasing day
26、by day.We like to use plastic bags because they are convenient.When we get home,we throw the plastics away.These are called white pollution,as most plastics are white.Rubber is also common in our daily life.Many of our products are made of rubber,just like the tyres（轮胎）and the bottom part of our sho
27、es.Its true that rubber plays an important role in our life.However,it also brings us some trouble when it has been used for a long time.The old rubber pollutes environment very badly because it cant break down easily in nature-it will stay unchanged for a long time.This is really a big problem all
28、over the world.3What does the underlined phrase break down mean in Chinese?A.中断B.影响C.利用D.分解D Some people take risks simply because it makes them feel good.Psychologist(心理学家)Marvin says that this kind of explorers(探险者)are always looking for change and excitement.When people do something new or risky,
29、a chemical(化学物质)in the brain creates a pleasant feeling.They love this feeling and want to experience it as often as possible.1.What does the underlined word“it”in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.The brain.B.Something new.C.A chemical.D.A pleasant feeling.DEvery week,the team go along the river to collect wa
30、ste and make sure no one is fishing on the river.Some of the waste they collect is sent to the disposal station,while some that can be reused is sold.So far,they have cleaned over 50 tons of waste.Thanks to their hard work,the Yangtze River is getting clearer.2.What does the underlined word“disposal
31、”in Paragraph 3 mean?A.处理 B.传播C.救护D.保养A1.When it comes to long-distance space travel,the biggest problem is that spaceships can only get as far as the fuel onboard allows.In 1964,a British writer Clarke came up with the idea of“solar sailing”in his science fiction.He wrote of large,mirror-like sails that collect power from the sun and free spaceships from the limitation of fuel.写作佳句_ COVID-19,the biggest problem is _.提到新冠病毒，最大的问题是我们应该如何保护自己。When it comes to how we should protect ourselves When it comes to 当提到的时候写作积累写作积累
