1、湖南省永州市2021年中考英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、阅读单选Chinas unbelievable high-speed rail networkAt the beginning of the 21st century China had no high-speed railways. Slow, crowded and often uncomfortable trains ran across this vast country, with low average speeds making journeys such as Shanghai-Beijing a test
2、of travel.Today, its a completely different picture. With 37,900 kilometers of lines, linking all of its major big cities. China has the worlds largest work of high-speed railways. Half of that total has been completed in the last five years alone, with a further 3,700 kilometers due to open in the
3、coming months of 2021. The network is expected to double in length again, to 70,000 kilometers, by 2035.1How were the trains in China at the beginning of the 21st century?AFast.BComfortable.CCrowded.2How many kilometers of lines are due to open in the coming months of 2021?A3,700.B37,900.C70,000.341
4、.0% of kids aged _ use the Internet.A59B1013C14174What percentage of kids gets news or information online?A89%.B76%.C38%.5What do 43% of kids usually do on the Internet?APlay games.BBuy books.CSend or receive instant messages.Can a green machine help the worlds poorest kids learn better? Nicholas Ne
5、groponte thinks so. He and his team of scientists have invented a new type of computer. As a result, many children who live in poverty (贫穷) will have their own laptop computers!Negroponte works at a university. He started a group called One Laptop Per Child (OLPC). The people at OLPC dont work for m
6、oney. They work to help children learn. OLPC makes computers that dont cost a lot. Then they sell the machines to governments of countries that have many people live in poverty. The governments then give the computes to kids for free.The XO Laptop computers are made for school-aged children in devel
7、oping nations. Many of these children live in faraway areas and go to schools with classrooms. In order to work, the laptops have to be lasting and student-friendly.The machines have many fun characters like a built-in video camera, voice recording, and games. The WiFi lets students share informatio
8、n on the Web and read e-books. They also can make music and chat with friends.Another great character is that it can last for a long time. It can be hand charged and also can be recharged by connecting to a solar panel. Because of these characters the XO laptops make learning fun while helping the e
9、nvironment.The computers have a colorful name“the green machine”. Negroponte thinks they could make a difference in the lives of millions of kids. He says, “Every problem you can think ofpoverty, peace, the environmentis solved with education.”OLPC plans to give out over ten million computers in the
10、 next few years. Kids in Thailand, Nigeria, Brazil, and Argentina will get most of them. China and Egypt also want to take part in the program. After that, Negroponte hopes to sell computers to other countries with high poverty.6Negroponte thinks his laptop computers will help the worlds poorest kid
11、s to _.Awork at homeBgo to school on timeClearn better7What can we know about the people at OLPC according to Paragraph 2?AThey work for money.BThey give computers to kids for free.CThey sell computers to governments with many people living in poverty.8Why do XO laptops make learning fun while helpi
12、ng the environment?ABecause they are lasting and student-friendly.BBecause they are made for school-aged children.CBecause they have a colorful name.9What does the underlined word “charged” mean in Chinese?A携带B充电C使用10Who will get most of the computers in the next few years?AKids in Thailand.BKids in
13、 China.CKids in Egypt.Dogs might have the latest tools in the fight against cancer (癌症); their noses! Researchers at Californias Pine Street Foundation (PSF) say they have trained five dogs to smell cancer on a prisons breath. This could be exciting news.A dogs sense of smell may be 10,000 to 100,00
14、0 times stronger than ours. But can dogs really smell illness? PSF researcher Michael McCulloch says yes. “We were very surprised by how exact they were,” he said. “They were telling who had cancer, and they were also saying who didnt.”Dogs in the Pine Street Foundation test were trained to sit when
15、 they smelled cancer. How well did they perform? Take a look at this chart to find out.Breath Sample Number of Times the Dogs Sat downNumber of Times the Dogs Kept StandingBreath from lung cancer patients56410Breath from healthy persons4708McCulloch and his team asked four healthy people and one wit
16、h cancer to blow into plastic tubes (塑料管). Special materials in the tubes kept the things of each breath. The tubes were then placed one yard apart. Finally, the dogs were allowed to smell the tubes. Each dog had been trained for three weeks to sit when it smelled cancer. Ninety-nine percent of the
17、time, the dug sat next to the tubes blown into by patients with lung cancer. The dogs were right 88 percent of the time about breast cancer.No lab test for cancer has given more correct results than this test. The results are so amazing that many experts question the dogs smelling power. They wonder
18、 if there were other reasons why the dogs did so well. For example, they thought the way the dog trainers behaved could have influenced how the dogs acted. However, most experts agree that this study is important. The information could help scientists create a simple breath test for cancer in the fu
19、ture. Once again, humans may be getting a helping paw or nosefrom their best animal friends.11Whats the latest tool a dog might have in the fight against cancer?ATooth.BNose.CEar.12What happened first in the Pine Street Foundation test?AThe dogs were trained.BThe tubes were placed one yard apart.CTh
20、e dogs smelled the tubes.13What was a dog supposed to do when it smelled cancer?ASmell again.BTurn around.CSit down.14Look at the chart. How many times did the dogs keep standing when they smelled the breath from healthy persons?ALess than 10 times.BAlmost 600 times.CAbout 700 times.15Why do many ex
21、perts question the dogs smelling power?ABecause no lab test for cancer has given more correct results.BBecause the dog trainers influenced how the dogs acted.CBecause they dont think this study is important.What do you do with your rubbish? Throw it out? You dont know what youre missing! Look closel
22、y at the two figures on your left. They were made from things most people throw away. The figures were made from used bottle caps. Those two bottle-cap figures were exhibited (展示) in a museum.Folk art is art made by common people who have not been trained as artists. Their work is often based on tra
23、ditions in their culture. Fine art, on the other hand, is usually made by people who have had training in art. Works of fine art are valued for their artistic beauty. They are supposed to be looked at but not used. Works of folk art, however, are often made for everyday use. There were more than 800
24、 pieces of folk art from nearly 50 countries in the exhibition. All of the pieces were made from used metal, wood, cloth, and plastic. The artists come from many different cultures. Still, they all share one thing. They take objects that are normally thrown away and change them into objects that are
25、 beautiful, useful, and fun. The artists may not think of what they do as recycling, but thats exactly what it is. Fine artists might work with expensive materials. They might use expensive tools to shape these materials into works of art. On the other hand, in poor countries rubbish might be the on
26、ly material folk artists and toy makers can afford. The exhibition shows that a rich imagination is very important when there are only poor materials. Recycled art began long before people began to think about recycling. Some of the objects in the exhibition date from the 1930s.Even if you dont crea
27、te art out of rubbish, its good to save our natural resources. Remember the three Rules: reduce, reuse, recycle. If you reduce waste, true things instead of throwing them out, and recycle materials such as paper, plastic, and glass, you will protect the environment.16Which idea belongs in the empty
28、box?Conclusion (结论)DetailsArt based on cultural traditionsArt made for everyday useArt made with used materialsAFolk art is made by people who are not trained artistsBThe artists come from many different culturesCRecycled art began long before people started recycling17What can we learn from Paragra
29、ph 3?AThere was more than 800 pieces of fine art.BFolk artists cant shape expensive materials into works of art.CPoor materials also can be made into works of art.18What is the same thing of the pieces in the exhibition share?AThey are all woks of fine art.BThey are all made from used materials.CThe
30、y are all made by the trained artists.19What can we do to protect our environment?AThrow away used materials.BOnly use expensive materials.CRecycle materials.20Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?AUsed Bottle CapsBThe Art of RecyclingCA Museum Exhibition二、阅读还原6选55 ways to
31、train your brain for better sleepThe days are longer, full of sunshine and bright with the promise of enjoying a more relaxing spring and summer with your loved ones. But if you want to enjoy your daytime, its time to improve your sleep during the night-time. “Sleep problems endanger health and qual
32、ity (质量) of life for up to 45% of the worlds population,” according to the World Sleep Society.Sleep is one of the three keys to a healthier, longer life (the others are diet and exercise). _21_. Here are the top five ways to improve your sleep and get some relax:Create a sleep nest_22_. Science tel
33、ls us that we sleep better in cooler temperatures of about 60 to 67 degrees Fahrenheit (15 to 20).Develop a routineSet up a bedtime ritual by taking a warm bath or shower, reading a book or listening to soft music. Youre teaching your mind to relax. And stick to it. Go to bed and get up at the same
34、time each day, even on weekends or your days off. _23_.Cut the lightsProduction of the sleep hormone melatonin (荷尔蒙褪黑激素) begins at dark. Research has found that the body will slow or stop it with light on, to get away from any light, even the blue light from your charging smart phone.Refuse the wine
35、Dont turn to wine to make you calm or help you sleep. _24_. Your body needs to experience all three steps of sleeplight sleep, dream, and deep sleepto fully repair itself._25_Heavy and spicy foods may give you heartburn or other digestive problems, thus influencing your ability to get and stay aslee
36、p.If you try these tips and cant seem to relax, or your sleep continues to worsen, be sure to reach out to your doctor or a mental health professional.AThe body likes routineBAvoid heavy or hot foodsCRefuse coffee later in the dayDOne of the first tasks is to set up your sleep environmentEWine may h
37、elp you fall asleep, but it holds you in the lighter sleepFMany of the ways to increase the quality of your sleep are easy to follow三、完形填空My whole life has changed because of COVID-19. Its very upsetting because we cant _26_ anyone else and we cant go to others homes. We have been at home, but I _27
38、_ the healthcare workers who have risked their lives every day to help us stay healthy and safe. Here, I describe my experience during this time.Coming back home from my spring vacation, I got news that school is closed for two weeks. Being a kid, I got _28_ but I didnt know what was waiting for us.
39、 I never thought I would be doing my classes online months later. Right after the “stay at home” order, my mother tested positive for COVID-19 and our family was quarantined (隔离) for 14 days. It was really challenging for all of us, especially for my _29_, who got sick. Those were the worst two week
40、s in my life. Watching my mother _30_ fever, cough, and shortness of breath was heartbreaking. I had tears in my eyes, but I didnt tell my parents about it. I was thankful that my father is a _31_ who knows how to treat COVID-19 patients. After three weeks, my mother got better.My father is a true h
41、ero. Not only was he taking care of us, but also he has been treating patients with COVID-19 every day and _32_ the community selflessly. I am proud of him.This _33_ has taught me to be thankful for things we have in life. My father has _34_ me to be selfless, helpful, and brave. It is OK to be anxi
42、ous, but remember that there is _35_ at the end of the channel (隧道) and life will get normal again.26Ae-mailBcallCmeet27AadmireBlikeCmiss28AsurprisedBexcitedCworried29AsisterBfatherCmother30AcontinueBstandCaccept31AdoctorBworkerCteacher32AcontrollingBservingCcleaning33AaccidentBjourneyCexperience34A
43、askedBtoldCtaught35AlightBsignCwind四、用所给单词的正确形式填空36Nowadays, better medical care and cleaner water help people live _ (long).37At the very heart of Beijing, the Palace Museum is Chinas largest of all the ancient _ (building).38People around the world are working on _ (reduce) the causes of global wa
44、rming.五、根据句意填空39He who has not climbed _ Great Wall is not a true man.40The official language of China is Putonghua, _ the foreigners usually call it Mandarin.41Mid-Autumn Festival is a special time for families and it is _ on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month.六、用所给单词的正确形式填空42Chairman Mao once
45、_ (say) that women could hold up half the sky.43China _ (have) three main types of teas: green tea, black lea and wulong tea, a halfway between black and green tea.44Mattew Chimudzi wants to study Chinese so that he can have a good _ (communicate) with people in China one day.45When it comes to my b
46、irthdays, I would like to invite my friends _ (watch) a movie.七、阅读回答问题阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。Rice is one of the most commonly eaten basic foods around the world. Buying it and cooking it is a daily matter. Yet for many, its presence has been a matter of life and death. It is a main food because it is
47、easy to grow, besides low cost and convenience. A poor community in the developing world may find it difficult to bring in foreign fruits or raise cattle for meat, but it can almost certainly use the land it has in order to grow plenty of rice.This was the great achievement of Yuan Longping, who passed away on May 22 this year. A great Chinese scientist, Yuan successfully developed what is known as “hybrid rice” whi
