1、广州华师附中（广州总校）2021届高考三模英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、阅读理解There are as many different types of sleeper as there are animal varieties on the planet. There are dozers, dreamers, nappers and hardcore dead-to-the-worlders.DolphinsDolphins face a bit of a problem as they spend their whole lives in the water, but as
2、 mammals they need to breathe oxygen to survive. How do they juggle this when unconscious? Dolphins shut down half of their brain, which rests, while the other half is alert and looking out for any potential dangers. As they do this, the dolphin will lie on the surface of the water in a behaviour kn
3、own as “logging”.ElephantsElephants tend to nod off for a few minutes at a time throughout the day. Elephants only manage about two hours of sleep per day, and thats not even a concentrated block of shuteye. They tend to nod off for a few minutes at a time throughout the day. Possibly because of thi
4、s, most of their sleeping is done standing up, with just the occasional recumbent sleep.SpidersOf course spiders have to be awkward. Even though animals sleep in a vast array of different ways, all of them, even bacteria, follow a 24 hour cycle, known as a circadian rhythm that is dictated by the ro
5、tation of the Earth. But scientists have discovered that certain types of orb-weaving spiders simply dont bother with this. Their body clocks follow a 17, 18 or 19 hour cycle. Scientists arent exactly sure how the spider can even exist with this completely different body clock. KoalasOne problem wit
6、h trying to work out a creatures sleeping habits is the difficulty of identifying what is actual sleep. Its easier to study captive animals, but they can behave in a completely different manner to their cousins in the wild. Koalas studied in zoos were thought to sleep for up to 22 hours a day, but a
7、 more detailed study, looking at animals in the wild too, revealed that they in fact sleep for around 14 hours a day plus a healthy amount of resting on top of that. Their diet of eucalyptus leaves takes a lot of time and energy to digest.FrogsFrogs are incredible. They have managed to master practi
8、cally every environment on the planet, no matter how hot or how cold. They not only use hibernation in winter as a sleep strategy, they also engage in something called estivation, where they reach a dormant state during the summer months to avoid overly hot or dry conditions. Despite all this knowle
9、dge, scientists arent sure exactly how frogs sleep during the months when they are active.1Which animal sleeps the longest hours a day according to the passage?AThe dolphin.BThe koala.CThe spider.DThe elephant.2What is still confusing to scientists?AHow they can identify what is actual sleep.BHow do
10、lphins breathe oxygen when sleeping.CHow spiders can survive a different body clock.DHow frogs sleep when they are not hibernating or estivating.3What is the passage mainly about?AWhy animals sleep differently.BWhat animals do while sleeping.CThe extraordinary ways that animals sleep.DThe mystery ab
11、out different types of sleeper.When Thomas Panek lost his eyesight more than 25 years ago, the avid runner doubted he would ever pursue his lifelong passion again.Indeed, although Panek had been crazy about running since high school, the idea of running blind seemed altogether too challenging. But h
12、e did manage to keep his dream alivewith help from human guides who assisted him on each run.Even so, the real joy of the runthe thrill of independence that comes from conquering a course on your own termseluded(躲避) him. “When youre tied to another person, its no longer your own race,” the 48-year-o
13、ld said. “The independence isnt quite there.”Then Panek found a friendindeed, mans best friendwho would help him achieve that sense of purpose. He started running with a guide dog named Gus. Not only did Panek rediscover his love for running, but, along the way, he founded Guiding Eyes for the Blind
14、, an organization dedicated to providing service dogs for the visually disabled.On March 16, Gus glided across the finish line with his human at the New York City Half Marathon. At that moment, they both breezed into the history books. Panek, who finished the course in a little more than two hours a
15、nd 20 minutes, became the first blind runner to complete the race led by dogs.Brandishing their respective medals, Panek and Guswho would retire after the raceshared a breathless embrace. “Its a little emotional for me because hes been there with me the whole time,” Panek said.But Panek was quick to
16、 point out that it wasnt just Gus who provided the wind beneath his running shoes. In all, three guide dogs helped him see his way to the finish line. Siblings Westley and Waffle picked up the early legs of the course, each running between five and eight kilometers of the 21-kilometer race.With reti
17、rement looming, it would be the faithful yellow labs last race. But for Panek, the road ahead remains long and brightnot only for him, but for anyone with a disability who still hopes to run down a dream.4When did Thomas become blind?AWhen he was about 23.BWhen he was 25 years old.CWhen he was in hi
18、gh school.DWhen he was 48 years old.5Why did Panek get himself the guide dog Gus?ABecause he didnt want to have another person with him.BBecause he wanted to found Guiding Eyes for the Blind.CBecause he wanted to help those with visual disability.DBecause he wanted to enjoy the delight of running in
19、dependently.6What do we learn about the dog Gus from the passage?AIt was the first dog to lead a blind runner at the Half Marathon.BIt ran the whole course of the New York City Half Marathon.CIt ran about eight kilometers with Thomas Panek at the race.DIt wouldnt be working as a guide dog to Thomas
20、Panek any more.7Which of the following best shows Thomass qualities as a runner?AIndependent and caring.BPassionate and persistent.CCrazy and emotional.DKind and helpful.An international team has identified two areas in China where the scale of carbon dioxide absorption by new forests has been under
21、estimated. Taken together, these areas account for a little over 35% of Chinas entire land carbon “sink”, the group says.The two previously under-appreciated carbon sink areas are centred on Chinas southwest, in Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi; and its northeast, particularly Heilongjiang and Jilin prov
22、inces.These provinces have established a pattern of rapid afforestation of progressively larger regions, with provincial forest areas increasing by between 0.04 million and 0.44 million hectares per year over the past 10 to 15 years.“Bold scientific statements must be supported by massive amounts of
23、 evidence and this is what we have done in this study.” Professor Paul Palmer, a co-author from Edinburgh University told the BBC“We have collected together a range of ground-based and satellite data-driven evidence to form a consistent and robust narrative about the Chinese carbon cycle.”Chinas inc
24、reasing leafiness has been evident for some time. Billions of trees have been planted in recent decades, to deal with desertification and soil loss, and to establish vibrant timber and paper industries.Data from NASA Earth satellites shows that human activity in China and India dominate this greenin
25、g of the planet, thanks to tree planting and agriculture. Satellite data (20002017) reveal a greening pattern that is strikingly remarkable in China and India and overlaps with croplands world-wide.China alone accounts for 25% of the global net increase in leaf area with only 6.6% of global vegetate
26、d area.8According to the passage, which of the following is true about the two newly-identified areas?AThey are based on Southeast and Northwest China.BTheir forests have absorbed over 35% of Chinas carbon dioxide.CThey take up over one third of Chinas entire land carbon sink areas.DTheir forest are
27、as have increased from 0.04 to 0.44 million hectares per year.9China has planted more trees in recent decades in order to _.Akeep the soil fertileBset up more factoriesCturn the deserts into green landDprevent useful land from changing into desert10The passage is most probably taken from _.Aa scienc
28、e fictionBa news websiteCan academic reportDa travelling brochure11Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?ACarbon Sink Areas in ChinaBChina Aims High in AfforestationCChina and India Lead the Way in GreeningDChinas Forest Carbon Absorption UnderestimatedIn 2016, the worlds popu
29、lation cast aside 49 million tons of electronic waste, known as e-waste.It has been calculated that this number will grow to more than 60 million tons by 2021.What is causing the upsurge ( 激增 ) in e-waste? Technology is becoming more and more widespread, covering almost every aspect of our lives. Me
30、anwhile, the lifespan of devices is getting shorter-many products will be thrown away once their batteries die, to be replaced by new devices. Companies intentionally plan the obsolescence ( 过时 ) of their goods by updating the design or software and discontinuing support for older models, so that no
31、w it is usually cheaper and easier to buy a new product than to repair an old one. Since prices are falling, electronic devices are in demand around the world.As more people buy electronic equipment, manufacturers ( 制造商 ) are beginning to face shortages of the raw materials needed to make their prod
32、ucts, so recycling and reusing materials from discarded products and waste makes economic and environmental sense.Recycling e-waste is practiced both formally and informally. Proper or formal e-waste recycling usually involves taking apart the electronics, separating and sorting through the material
33、s and cleaning them. Companies must obey health and safety rules to reduce the health and environmental hazards of handling e-waste by using pollution-control technologies. All this makes formal recycling expensive. Informal recycling is typically unlicensed and uncontrolled. At informal recycling w
34、orkshops, men and women recover valuable materials by burning devices to melt away non-valuable materials. Usually they do not wear protective equipment and lack any awareness that they are handling dangerous materials.With the amount of e-waste growing around the world, recycling alone will not be
35、enough to solve the problem. In order to reduce e-waste, manufacturers need to design electronics that are safer, and more durable, repairable and recyclable. The best thing you can do is resist buying a new device until you really need it. Try to get your old product repaired if possible and, if it
36、 cant be fixed, resell or recycle it responsibly. Before you recycle your device, put any broken parts in separate containers and close these tightly to prevent chemicals from leaking. Wear latex gloves and a mask if youre handling something thats broken.12How do companies contribute to the rapid gr
37、owth of e-waste?AThey sell their new products at extremely low price.BThey plan a short lifespan for the batteries intentionally.CThey do not provide support for old model on purpose.DThey update the design and software to cover every aspect of our lives.13The underlined word “hazards” in paragraph
38、4 probably means _.AharmBproblemsCconcernDprotection14The passage is intended for _.AmanufacturersBconsumersCmanagersDsalesmen15The purpose of the article is _.Ato call for everyone to play a part in reducing e-wasteBto promote a style of living without electronic devicesCto explain why manufacturer
39、s need to recycle e-wasteDto appeal to the companies to sell less devices二、七选五Making the Most of Life ExperiencesIf you ask anyone what the purpose of life is, youll likely receive wildly different responses. The answer to this question is deeply personal because different things are important to us
40、 throughout the course of our lives. _16_. Finding ways to make the most of our experiences is a challenge we face every day. Here are some ways to make your experiences meaningful.Follow your dreamsThe number one way to live a life free of regret is to follow your dreams. Passion will die without a
41、ctions supporting them. _17_Every day take an action, no matter how small, to achieve your goals. Each day is a step forward and none of it is wasted.Make lots of mistakes_18_ Many of the strongest memories come from the times Ive failed, and those lessons have stayed with me. Failure is beneficial
42、to us. And time allows me to see the value of even the most painful situation._19_Difficult and painful experiences shape our character, but can also weigh us down. These prevent us from moving forward. So much of our progress in life relies on willpower and a healthy emotional state. If youre under
43、 stress, your body and mind both require time to recover. _20_For me, life is about experiences. We all have to dream, work hard, and fail before we can achieve success. Maybe well discover along the way that the journey is more important than the destination.AImprove your personality.BTake care of
44、yourself.CMaking mistakes is the surest path to grow as a person.DIts best to rest, recover, and slowly build back up your strength.EThough we try our best to make fewer mistakes, it is impossible to avoid them.FYet one thing stays with us no matter where we go our experiences.GThough we cant choose
45、 the outcome of our actions, we can choose to keep pursuing.三、完形填空Each day, 10-year-old Seth asked his mom for more and more lunch money. Yet he seemed _21_ than ever and came home from school hungry. It_22_ that Seth was handing his lunch money to a fifth-grader, who was threatening to beat him up
46、if he didnt pay.Kayla, 13, thought things were going well at her new school, _23_ all the popular girls were being so nice to her. But then she found out that one of them had posted _24_ rumors about her. Kayla cried herself to sleep that night and refused to go to school.In national surveys, most k
47、ids and teens say that bullying happens at school. A bully can turn something like going to the wash room or recess (隐秘处) into a/an _25_ for kids. Bullying can leave deep emotional scars. And in _26_ situations, it can involve violent threats, property damage, or someone getting seriously hurt. Ther
48、efore, its necessary to help your child identify bullying and cope with it as well as _27_ its lasting impact.Most kids have been_28_ by a sibling or a friend at some point. And its not usually harmful when done in a playful, friendly, and mutual way, and both kids find it funny. But when it becomes hurtful, unkind, and constant, it _29_
