1、Unit 3 The InternetThe Present Perfect Passive Voice现在完成时的被动语态主动语态变被动语态的原则主动语态变被动语态的原则“三变”例：They are building nine parks.原句主语变为by短语宾语变为主语 谓语由主动变为被动“三不变”原句意思不变 原句时态不变 原句主谓宾以外成分不变Nine parks _ by them.How many parks _?are being builtare being built1.以上句子中所使用的时态和语态以上句子中所使用的时态和语态是是 。2.现在完成时的被动语态的构成现在完成时的
2、被动语态的构成为：为：。现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态have/has been过去分词过去分词An enemy has been slained.一名敌人被击杀。一名敌人被击杀。An ally has been slained.我方队友被击杀。我方队友被击杀。You have been slained.你被击杀了。你被击杀了。观察例句，归纳用法观察例句，归纳用法The students have cleaned the classroom.The classroom has been cleaned.You neednt clean it now.现在完成时现在完成时activep
3、assive表示说话时已经完成的被动性的动作或结果，表示说话时已经完成的被动性的动作或结果，主语是动作的承受者。主语是动作的承受者。现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态表示说话时已经完成的被动性的动作或结果表示说话时已经完成的被动性的动作或结果,主语是动作的发出者。主语是动作的发出者。例例2：Have they been sent to help others?他们已经被派去帮助其他人了吗他们已经被派去帮助其他人了吗?例例3：Who has been invited?谁受到了邀请？谁受到了邀请？2 构成构成陈述句陈述句 主语主语+has/have been（not）+过去分词过去分词+.例
4、例1：Her cell phone has been sold.她的手机已经被盗了。她的手机已经被盗了。一般疑问句一般疑问句 Has/have+主语主语+been+过去分词过去分词+.?特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+have/has+been+过去分词过去分词+.?现在完成时的被动语态的句式：现在完成时的被动语态的句式：The research has been done successfully.现在完成时被动语态的肯定式现在完成时被动语态的肯定式：have/has been done The research has not been done successfully.现在
5、完成时被动语态的否定式现在完成时被动语态的否定式：have/has not been doneHas the research been done successfully?现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问句：把现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问句：把have/has提到主语的前面提到主语的前面 What has been done successfully?现在完成时被动语态的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词现在完成时被动语态的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has been doneThe buildings (destroy)by the earthquake already.have been dest
6、royedSeven Harry Porter books (write)by J.K.Rowling so far.have been written用法用法1:被动动作发生在过去被动动作发生在过去,已经完成已经完成,对现在造成影响对现在造成影响 或产生结果。或产生结果。(already,yet,so far,by now)现在完成时的被动语态的用法现在完成时的被动语态的用法A new bridge (build)since two weeks ago.has been builtPaper money (use)for over 50 years.has been used用法用法2:被动
7、动作发生在过去被动动作发生在过去,持续到现在持续到现在,并有可能继续并有可能继续 持续下去。持续下去。(for+一段时间一段时间;since)常与现在完成时连用的时间状语常与现在完成时连用的时间状语already 已经已经(肯定句肯定句)yet 已经（否定句或者疑问句）已经（否定句或者疑问句）recently/lately 最近最近 since then 从那时起从那时起ever since 自那以来自那以来 ever 曾经曾经so far 迄今为止迄今为止 for a long time 很长一段时间很长一段时间by now 到现在为止到现在为止 in recent years 在最近几年里
8、在最近几年里in/during/over the past/last years在过去的几年里在过去的几年里现在完成时被动语态的解题步骤主语与动词构成被动关系。主语与动词构成被动关系。说话时已完成的动作或出现的结果。说话时已完成的动作或出现的结果。1.圈主圈主：动词的逻辑宾语用作句子的主语；：动词的逻辑宾语用作句子的主语；2.找时找时：找与现在完成相对应的时间状语；：找与现在完成相对应的时间状语；3.定谓定谓：确定谓语动词形式：确定谓语动词形式。1My grandpas quality of life _(improve)dramatically since the operation.2Th
9、e operation _(perform)many times in this hospital.3Paper money_(use)for over a thousand years.has been improvedhas been performedI.用括号内动词的正确形式填空。has been used4Many a building _(destroy)completely by fire in the past few years.5Many suggestions from all over the world _(give)to me so far.6Three of hi
10、s novels _(adapt)for television since 2020.7Large amounts of water _(pollute)in the past five years.have been adaptedhave been polluted have been givenhas been destroyed句型转换1.My friend has bought a new smartphone made in China._by my friend.2.Since you have finished your work,you can have a rest now
11、.Since your work _,you can have a rest now.3.An unknown virus has just attacked my computer._ by an unknown virus.4.To their joy,they have solved the difficult problem all by themselves.To their joy,the difficult problem _all by them.A new smartphone made in China has been boughthas been finishedMy
12、computer has just been attackedhas been solved5.They have translated the book into more than twenty languages._ into more than twenty languages.6.We have not found a way to deal with the situation yet._ to deal with the situation yet.7.The boss has appointed Tom manager of the engineering department
13、 to take the place of George._of the engineering department by the boss to take the place of George.8.The team has developed a kind of intelligent robot._ by the team.Tom has been appointed managerA way has not been foundA kind of intelligent robot has been developedThe book has been translated1中国的各
14、项事业已取得了新的进展。中国的各项事业已取得了新的进展。New progress _ _ _ in various areas in China.2我的家庭作业已经做完了。我的家庭作业已经做完了。My homework _ _ _.3近几年他各种各样的书被出版了。近几年他各种各样的书被出版了。A variety of his books _ _ _ in recent years.4从从 1949 年起，政府就已经非常重视儿童的健康和保健。年起，政府就已经非常重视儿童的健康和保健。Since 1949,great attention _ _ _ _the health and care of children by the government.has been madehas been finishedhave been published has been paid to
