1、GrammarUnit 4 History and Traditions皇上不可能不要后宫了，于是解决办法是1.I plan to attend the meeting.2.An apple wrapped by a beautiful box can be sent to your relatives and friends,expressing your blessings.3.Seeing Mr.Cai dressed in Santa Claus costume made you burst into laughter.4.Unfolding the Christmas stockin
2、g,the little boy felt desperately frustrated.make sb（to）dodoingdoneto do目的、将来目的、将来主动、正在主动、正在被动、完成被动、完成（过去分词作定语、宾语补足语）（过去分词作定语、宾语补足语）The Past Participle as the Attributive and What is the Attributive and object complement?定语定语6.Mother made a birthday cake for me4.Lucys father is a poor worker5.We bel
3、ong to the third world.3.My brother is a teacher.2.They live in the room above.1.Its a red car.The girl present is my sister.（形容词）（形容词）(副词）副词）（代词）（代词）（数词）（数词）（名词所有格（名词所有格/形容词）形容词）（名词）（名词）带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：+直接宾语直接宾语（名词或代（名词或代词）词）+宾语补足语宾语补足语Everyone calls him Tom.(宾语宾语)(宾补宾补)(主语主语)(谓语谓语)宾语补足
4、语一般放在宾语宾语补足语一般放在宾语_,对宾语对宾语_的作用。的作用。某些及物动词某些及物动词（如（如make等）等）直接宾语（名词直接宾语（名词或代词）或代词）宾语补足语宾语补足语1.Most people just use the shortened name 2.They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,3.They had castles built all around England,4.The United Kingdom,Great Britain,England-many people are confused by5.Th
5、ey conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century.作作定语定语作作定语定语作作宾补宾补作定语作定语作定语作定语判断下面画线部分在句子中做什么成分判断下面画线部分在句子中做什么成分Part OnePast Participle as the Attributive(过去分词用作过去分词用作定语定语)时间句首时间状语逗号a broken window 破了的窗破了的窗polluted water 被污染的水被污染的水a closed door 关闭的门关闭的门单个的过去分词作定语时，一般
6、兼有_和_的意义，常作_定语,相当于一个_。被动完成前置形容词 a lighted candle一支点燃的蜡烛一支点燃的蜡烛a used stamp一枚用过的邮票一枚用过的邮票Translationan injured finger一个受伤的手指一个受伤的手指一个醉鬼一个醉鬼a drunk man时间句首时间状语逗号 fallen leaves 落叶落叶 the risen sun 升起来的太阳升起来的太阳 the developed countries 发达国家发达国家 a retired teacher 一名退休教师一名退休教师单个的过去分词作前置定语，不及物动词的过去分词只有_ _ 意义
7、，不表示被动。完成时间句首时间状语逗号 The books written by Lu Xun are popular 鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。Well go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。过去分词短语作定语时，常作_定语。及物动词的过去分词一般表_和_的意义。后置被动完成 The frightened baby kept crying.那个受惊的婴儿一直在哭。From his excited look,I know he passed the examination.从他兴奋的表情来看，我知道他通过
8、了考试。某些动词的过去分词已成为 ，这类形容词多用来表示人物的心理特征或感情变化。常见的这类过去分词有：disappointed、moved、interested、surprised、shocked、puzzled、excited、frightented、worried、pleased等形容词时间句首时间状语逗号If I had the chance,I would have a cloned baby.=If I had the chance,I would have a baby _单个过去分词who is cloned.过去分词过去分词作作定语和定语从句的关系定语和定语从句的关系时间句首
9、时间状语逗号The concert given by him was a great success.=The concert _ was a great success.过去分词短语which was given by him过去分词短语过去分词短语作作定语和定语从句的关系定语和定语从句的关系时间句首时间状语逗号单个的过去分词和过去分词短语作定语时，都相当于一个定语从句，并且都可转化成相应的_。定语从句过去分词作定语过去分词作定语3.3.注意事项注意事项有些过去分词表示特定含义时有些过去分词表示特定含义时,单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后之后,如如left(剩余的
10、剩余的),),given(所给的所给的),),concerned(有关的有关的)等。等。There is little time left.Let s hurry up.We are interested in the problems concerned.Write sentences with the words given.时间句首时间状语逗号1.He is one of those invited.2.There was nobody punished here.单个的过去分词作定语时，如果被修饰的词为复合不定代词或指示代词 those 时，常作_定语。后置过去分词作定语过去分词作定语
11、3.3.注意事项注意事项现在分词现在分词作定语表示正在作定语表示正在进行进行、主动主动，过去分词过去分词表示已经表示已经完成、被动完成、被动。the fallen leaves vs.the falling leavesthe boiled water vs.the boiling waterthe running water vs.the woman interviewed非非谓谓语语动动词词形式形式时态时态语态语态Examples现在分词 v-ing进行主动过去分词 v-ed过去被动不定式 to do将来主动非谓语动词非谓语动词作定语的区别作定语的区别3.The building buil
12、t last year is our teaching building.4.America is a developed country.1.The man standing there is our teacher.2.As we all know,China is a developing country.5.The student to speak is my classmate.6.The building to be built next year is a military basis.I know the people building the house there.The
13、house built over there is a shop.The house to be built over there next year is designed by a famous architect.His book _ last year sells well.His book _ now will be on sale next year.His book _ next year will be his best one.publishedbeing publishedto be published过去分词作定语过去分词作定语,意义用法容易记。意义用法容易记。及物动词用
14、过分及物动词用过分,表示被动与完成表示被动与完成;不及物用过分时不及物用过分时,不表被动表完成不表被动表完成;单个过分名词前单个过分名词前,过分短语名词后过分短语名词后,若是修饰不定代若是修饰不定代,只能放在代词后只能放在代词后;given,leftgiven,left和和concerned,concerned,作定语时要后置。作定语时要后置。Part TwoPast Participle as Object Complement(过去分词用作宾语补足语过去分词用作宾语补足语)V-ed作宾语补足语作宾语补足语表示表示被动或完成被动或完成的意义的意义。V-ed与与宾语宾语之间存在之间存在逻辑上的
15、动宾关系逻辑上的动宾关系。Xiao Xin found all his money _(steal)on his way home.stolen过去分词用作宾语补足语过去分词用作宾语补足语(1)(1)I saw him (beat)by his mother.beatenhear宾语 doing sth.do sth.done.(1)I heard her _(sing)an English song when I passed by her room yesterday(2)I heard her_(sing)an English song just now(3)To learn Engli
16、sh well,we should find opportunities to hear English _(speak)as much as possiblesingingsingspoken听到正在做（主动、进行）听到做了（主动、完成）听到被做（被动、完成或无时间性）1.表示表示感观、感觉和发觉感观、感觉和发觉的动词。如：的动词。如：watch,observe,see,hear,listen to,feel,notice,find等。等。(1)Youd better keep the guests seated.(2)Were having our car repaired.(3)Im t
17、rying to get this article finished for Thursday.(4)She had to shout to make herself heard above the sound of the music.2.表示表示“致使致使”意义的动词。意义的动词。如：如：have,make,get,keep,leave等。等。get/have/make/keep/leave sb./sth.done(2)make宾语宾语do sth.让让做某事（主动）做某事（主动）done 让让被做（被动）被做（被动）(1)have宾语宾语do sth.使使做某事（主动）做某事（主动）d
18、oing sth.使使持续做某事（主动、进行）持续做某事（主动、进行）done使使被做（被动）被做（被动）(4)get宾语宾语to do sth.使使做某事（主动）做某事（主动）doing sth.使使持续做某事（主动、进行）持续做某事（主动、进行）done使使被做（被动）被做（被动）(3)keep宾语宾语doing sth.使使一直做某事（主动、进行）一直做某事（主动、进行）done使使被做（被动）被做（被动）1.The shocking news made me _(realize)what terrible problems we would face2.He spoke slowly
19、and clearly so that he could make himself_(understand)3.Mother had me _(go)to the shop and buy some salt4.He had us _(laugh)all through the meal5.My elder sister had her wallet _(steal)on a bus last monthrealizeunderstoodgolaughingstolen过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语3.用于用于wish,want,would like,expect,order等表示等
20、表示“意愿意愿”“”“命令命令”的动词后面作宾语补足语的动词后面作宾语补足语，相当于过去，相当于过去分词前省略了分词前省略了to be。wish/want/would like/expect/order(to be)doneThey want the case solved.The boss wouldnt like the problem discussed at the moment.I wish my house painted white.4.“with 宾语宾语 过去分词过去分词”结构中结构中,过去分词用作介词过去分词用作介词with的的 。过去分词与宾语之间是。过去分词与宾语之间是
21、 _关系。关系。(1)With all the problems _(solve),she felt relaxed.(2)With all the noise _(go)on,I couldnt concentrate on my study.(3)With all the problems _(solve),the new president will have a hard a hard time.宾语补足语宾语补足语 动宾动宾“with”“with”结构中不同谓语的比较结构中不同谓语的比较goingsolvedto solve1.John received an invitation
22、to dinner,and with his work _(finish),he gladly accepted it.2.-Did Peter fix the computer himself?-He had it _(fix),because he doesnt know much about computers.3.I was wondering why they kept the door _(lock)for such a long time.finishedfixedExerciseslockedV-ed在句中可作在句中可作 _、_。定语定语宾语补足语宾语补足语单个的过去分词作定语
23、时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面；过去分词短语作定语：通常后置，其作用相当于定语从句过去分词短语作定语：通常后置，其作用相当于定语从句。单个的过去分词修饰复合不定代词单个的过去分词修饰复合不定代词something,everything等等或指示代词或指示代词those时，要放在这些词的后面时，要放在这些词的后面。V-ed作宾语补足语通常用于：作宾语补足语通常用于：表示表示感观、感觉和发觉感观、感觉和发觉的动词。的动词。表示表示“致使致使、意愿、命令或者希望意愿、命令或者希望”意义的动词。意义的动词。with的复合结构的复合结构。作作定定语语作作宾宾补补Thank you
