1、Unit 4 History and TraditionListening and Speaking and Talking Listening and Speaking Big BenWestminster BridgeConfuciusWhat do you know about his ideas?How much do you know about Confucius?Video Time Born in 551BC,Confucius，Kongzi,has made the greatest contribution to Chinese culture of any one in
2、history.Although he was raised in a poor family,he visited famous scholars and learned a lot.He developed his thought into a system of phylosophy known as“Confucianism”.Confucianism emphasized self-cultivation,harmonious relationships with each other and respect for the elderly.Friends should be hon
3、est to each other.Rulers should make an effort to provide a happy life for people.He was a great teacher as well and promoted education for ordinary people.He traveled around to promote his political thinking,but failed.But he never gave up.Kongzi is a great spiritual leader.Over the last 2000 years
4、,his phylosophy has contibued to influence China and the rest of the world.He is also regarded as the symbol of oriental culture.Quiz about Confucius1.When was Confucius born?A.541BC B.551BC C.555BC D.561BC2.Who is not the student of Confucius?A.Zi Lu B.Zi Chan C.Zhuang Zi D.Zi Gong3.Which book was
5、written by Confucius?A.Lun Yu B.I Ching C.Chun Qiu D.Zuo Zhuan4.Which thought is not emphasized by Confucianism?A.Harmonious relationship with each other B.Respect for the elderly C.Self-cultivation D.Skepticism4.Confucius(551479 BC)uThinkeruEducatoruStatesmanuPhilosopheruFounder of the Confucian sc
6、hool and Confucianism uSymbol of Chinese cultureBefore you listen,look at some photos of Qufu.Temple of ConfuciusKong Family Mansion Cemetery of ConfuciusPre-listening Pre-listening(孔庙)(孔府)(孔林)Temple of Confucius 孔庙，即孔子庙，又称孔庙，即孔子庙，又称作文庙，作文庙，是纪念中国伟大是纪念中国伟大思想家、教育家孔子的祠思想家、教育家孔子的祠庙建筑庙建筑，在历代王朝更迭，在历代王朝更迭中
7、又被称作文庙、夫子庙、中又被称作文庙、夫子庙、至圣庙、先师庙、先圣庙、至圣庙、先师庙、先圣庙、文宣王庙，尤以文庙之名文宣王庙，尤以文庙之名更为普遍。更为普遍。孔府，又称衍圣公府，孔府，又称衍圣公府，是是孔子的世袭衍圣公孔子的世袭衍圣公的后代居住的府第的后代居住的府第。Kong Family Mansion孔林孔林,又称至圣林又称至圣林,是是孔子孔子及其后裔的家族墓地及其后裔的家族墓地,与与孔府孔府、孔庙孔庙统称统称“三孔三孔”。Cemetery of Confucius Listen to a conversation between a British tourist and a Chine
8、se student in Qufu,and then write down what they say about Confucius.while-listening while-listening Fact/Opinion about ConfuciusWilliam 1.Confucius is one of his _;2.He is a _;3.He lived _ years ago.Xiao Kong1.Confucius has over _descendants;2.He was a great _ and had many _ about _3.He was one of
9、the greatest _ in history.favourite philosopherswise manover 25003 million educatoreducationideasmindsTask 1 listen and fill in the blanks.1.Confucius said that learning without understanding leads to confusion.2.Xiao Kong is doing a research project on Confucius philosophy.3.As one of Confucius des
10、cendants,Xiao Kongs name is recorded in the family tree.4.Dacheng Hall is the tallest building in Qufu.FFNMT2.Listen again and decide whether these statements are true(T),false(F)or not mentioned(NM).Then answer the question.reflectingConfucius ideas on education3.Why do you think William said his h
11、ometown was similar to Qufu?A.There are famous halls in his hometown.B.There are no tall buildings in his hometown.C.Both places have a famous person who was born there.D.His hometown doesnt allow other buildings to be more noticeable than the historic buildings.Wiliam:Excuse me,do you speak English
12、?Im looking for the Confucius Temple,but Im not good at maps-theyre my Achilles heel!Xiao Kong:Oh,hello,yes.Come with me-Im going to the temple right now.By the way,what does“Achilles heel”mean?William:Oh,it means that something is my weakness-Im really bad with maps!So do you know much about Confuc
13、ius?Hes one of my favourite philosophers.He was such a wise man.Xiao Kong:Oh,yes.I was born here.In fact,I believe I am a descendant of Confucius himself.William:No way,youre pulling my leg,right?So how do you know youre related to Confucius?Didnt he live over 2,500 years ago?Xiao Kong:Yes,but his f
14、amily tree is well recorded.He has over three million descendants.Sorry again,what does“pulling my leg”mean?William:Oh,sorry,it means to joke with someone.Anyway,so youre actually going to the temple to pay respects to your relative?Xiao Kong:Well,yes.But Im also meeting my study group there.We are
15、doing a research project on Confucius ideas on education.You know,Confucius was a great educator,and he had many great ideas about education.For example,he talked about the relationship between learning and reflecting.He believed that learning without reflecting leads to confusion Oh,look,the temple
16、 is just over there.William:Oh,great!Whats that big building over there?Xiao Kong:Oh,thats the famous Dacheng Hall.You know,its so well-respected in Qufu that no other building in the city can be taller than it.William:Wow,now thats respect.Thats a little bit like my hometown-Stratford-upon-Avon.Xia
17、o Kong:Wait,you mean where Shakespeare was from?What a coincidence-Confucius and Shakespeare,two of the greatest minds in history!I really want to visit the UK-Im really interested in British history and culture.William:Oh,thats great!So later we can go for a cup of tea and have a chat about it.And
18、it would be great if you could take me somewhere to get my watch fixed.Xiao Kong:OK,no problem!So come and meet my study group-we can tell you all about the temple.And how long are you staying in Qufu?I can show you the Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion as wellWilliam:Really?Thats so
19、 kind!I need all the help I can get-Im like a fish out of water!4.Write down the English idioms that are used in the conversation.Explain their meanings and think about some Chinese equivalents.An idiom is an expression which means something different from the meaning of the individual words.Some id
20、ioms present an idea or paint a picture that gives a hint as to the meaning.Other idioms can only be understood from the context in which they appear.English idiomMeaningChinese equivalentAchilles heelpull ones legfish out of water如芒在背something that is someones weaknessto joke with someoneSomething
21、who feels uncomfortable because they are in an unfamiliar place弱点；要害戏弄Discuss in pairs and guess the Chinese equivalent of the following English idioms.English idiomChinese equivalentLove me,love my dog.Kill two birds with a stone.a piece of cakeWhen pigs flybreak a leg祝你好运爱屋及乌一石二鸟小菜一碟母猪上树Learning w
22、ithout reflecting leads to confusion.学而不思则罔学而不思则罔Review the old and learn the new.温故而知新温故而知新Make no social distinctions in teaching.有教无类有教无类To learn and at due time to repeat what one has learnt,isnt that after all a pleasure?学而时习之，不亦说乎？学而时习之，不亦说乎？Do not do to others what you do not want others to d
23、o to you.己所不欲勿施于人己所不欲勿施于人Post-listening Post-listening Listening and talkingPre-listeningHave you ever been to Pingyao?Do you know something about Pingyao?Ming-Qing StreetAncient Government officeZhenguo TempleRishengchang Bank Shuanglin Templethe City WallBackpacker Paul is talking to a receptionis
24、t at an international hostel in Pingyao,China.A BackpackerA receptionist Ming-Qing Street Ancient Government Office Qiao Family Courtyard Wang Family Courtyard Rishengchang Bank Mount Mian the city wall Zhengguosi Temple Shuanglin TempleWhile-listeningListen to the conversation and tick the places m
25、entioned.While-listening Listen and complete the blanks.I had expected something different.Paul sounded _It was like walking into history.Paul sounded _It wasnt as big as I had expected.Paul sounded _Some of the snacks there are amazing.Xiao Yan sounded _I had no idea there would be so many tourists
26、.Paul sounded _Wow,I cant believe you didnt see the wall.Xiao Yan sounded _disappointedamazedsurprisedsurpriseddisappointedamazed Xiao Yan:Paul:Xiao Yan:Paul:Hi,Paul.Im sorry to hear youre leaving tomorrow.So what did you make of Pingyao?Well,to be honest,when I first arrived,I was a little disappoi
27、nted.I had expected something different.But then I walked into the old city.I was,so amazed!It was like walking into history.So many beautiful buildings from the Ming and Qing dynasties.Yes,Pingyao has a long history-over 2,000 years.It used to be a very important bankingcentre in China.Yes,so I vis
28、ited the Rishengchang Bank and how do you think of Pingyao?Buildings History Xiao Yan:Paul:Xiao Yan:learnt all about the Jin Businessmen.Ive gotto say though,it wasnt as big as I had expected.But it was still interesting to learn about what banks were like almost 200 years ago.Oh,well,what about the
29、 Ming-Qing Street-thats pretty big.Some of the snacks there are amazing!Oh,that place,yes.But I had no idea there would be so many tourists!So I decided toleave and ride out to Shuanglin Temple.Oh,cool,thats one of my favourite places!Its so peaceful out there.Culture FoodPaul:Xiao Yan:Paul:Xiao Yan
30、:Paul:Yeah,that place is really quiet.And some of those sculptures一wow!I couldnt believe how big and lifelike they were.Yes,theyre amazing.So today you walked along the city wall,right?Unfortunately,no.I just didnt have the time.Wow,I cant blieve you didnt see the wall!You have to stay longer,Paul.T
31、hereso much more of Pingyaos history to see.Oh,dont worry,Ill be back in Turtle City one day-I just cant get enough of those beefnoodles!ArtFood I had no idea.I didnt know.I was eager/surprised to see/learn/hear that It was so much fun!It was a little disappointing.It wasnt as good/interesting/fun a
32、s Id expected.Imagine one of you has just visited some historic sites.Work in pairs and role-play the conversation below.Post-listeningA:How is your trip to Pingyao?B:Wow,its fantastic.At first,I went to Ming-Qing Street,where I was amazed at so many well-preserved old buildings.A:That sounds attrac
33、tive.So how about the food there?B:To be honest,the food there was(not)as tasty as I had expected,and/but beef noodle is a good choice.A:Yeah,I know what you mean.Which tourist attraction do you like best?B:Rishengchang of course.You couldnt imagine how interesting it is to learn about Jin Businessmen and bank culture.A:It seems that you really enjoyed your trip.Im eager to have a trip to Beijing.I cant wait for my vacation.THANKS
