1、UNIT 3 THE INTERNETThe Internet is becoming the town square for the global village of tomorrow.-Bill Gates现在完成时have/has+v-ed表示说话时已经完成的动作，而且这个动作的结果对现在仍有影响;表示动作发生在过去，但一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。Do you know the structures and meanings of the present perfect tense and passive voice?复习被动语态的构成：复习被动语态的构成：(五种时态的被动
2、语态）五种时态的被动语态）时态时态主动态主动态被动态被动态一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 一般将来时一般将来时 现在完成时现在完成时 现在进行时现在进行时 am/is/are donedo/doesdidwas/were donewill dowill be donehave/has donehave/has been doneam/is/are doingam/is/are being done 现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态Read the pairs of sentences.Underline and compare the different verb form
3、s.Activity 1Talk about something that has been doneJans life has been greatly improved by the Internet.Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.The Internet has greatly improved Jans life.People have written much about the wonders of the World Wide Web.How do we form the present
4、 perfect passive voice?Fill in the blank.have/has been+v-edChange the sentences into the present perfect passive voice.Theyve built a kind of new PC with more functions.A kind of new PC has been built with more functions.n.功能；作用功能；作用vi.起作用；运转起作用；运转主动语态变被动语态的原则主动语态变被动语态的原则“三变三变”原句原句主语主语 by的的宾语宾语宾语宾语
5、主语主语 谓语谓语由主动由主动 被动被动Change the sentences into the present perfect passive voice.Activity 21I have downloaded the software to help my phone battery last longer.2Someone has lost an identity card.3Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password?4Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file?5Has anyone made
6、a comment about the online database?EXAMPLE Theyve built a kind of new PC with more functions.A kind of new PC has been built with more functions.The software has been downloaded to help my phone battery last longer.An identity card has been lost.Has the Wi-Fi password been confirmed?Has the button
7、been pressed yet to copy the file?Has a/any comment been made about the online database?(1)主语主语+have/has+V-过去分词过去分词(done)助动词助动词,无意义无意义 一：现在完成时的结构一：现在完成时的结构Winter has already come(came,come)，will it still be far in spring?注：主语若是注：主语若是第三人称单数第三人称单数助动词用助动词用 hashas例例2：Have they been sent abroad to study
8、English?他们已经被派往国外学英语了吗他们已经被派往国外学英语了吗?例例3：Who has been invented?谁受到了邀请？谁受到了邀请？2 构成构成陈述句陈述句 主语主语+has/have been（not）+P.P.+.例例1：Her motorbike has been stolen.她的摩托车盗了。她的摩托车盗了。一般疑问句一般疑问句 Has/have+主语主语+been+P.P.+.?特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+have/has+been+P.P.+.?现在完成时的被动语态的句式：现在完成时的被动语态的句式：The research has been
9、done successfully.现在完成时被动语态的肯定式现在完成时被动语态的肯定式：have/has been done The authors new story has not been published.现在完成时被动语态的否定式现在完成时被动语态的否定式：have/has not been done Has his washing machine been repaired?现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问句：把现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问句：把have/has提到主语的前面提到主语的前面 Who has been invited?现在完成时被动语态的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词现在完成
10、时被动语态的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has been done2 用法（1）表示一个被动的动作在说话之前已完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与 already，yet，just，never，recently 等副词连用。I got caught in the rain and my suit has been ruined.我被雨淋了，衣服全毁了。（2）表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，常与for 或 since 引出的时间状语连用，或用于 how long 引出的句子中。A great many machines have already been p
11、roduced by the factory since the technological revolution.自从技术革命以来，这家工厂已经生产了许多机器。（3）用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来已完成的被动动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。She will leave for the cinema as soon as the application form has been completed.申请表一填好，她就去看电影。（1）与一般过去时的被动语态的区别 动作发生的时间 对现在有无影响 一般过去时的被动语态 过去 无 现在完成时的被动语态 过去 有（2）bo
12、rrow，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join 等非延续性动词的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，需要改变动词或时态。这本书借了一周了。The book has been borrowed for a week.（）The book has been kept for a week.（）这个工程已经开始多久了？How long has this project been started?（）How long ago was this project started?（）注意事项注意事项注意事项注意事项3.如果复合宾语如果复合宾语(宾
13、语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语)是由是由“宾语宾语+省略省略to的不定式的不定式”构成构成，变为被动语态时，变为被动语态时，动词不定式前的动词不定式前的to要补出来要补出来。Eg:帮（帮（help），），1感（感（feel），2听（听（hear,listen to），），3让（让（let，have，make），），5看（看（watch,see,look at,notice,observe）Eg：I observed a stranger enter the building just now.A stranger was observed to enter the building just n
14、ow.练：练：Toms mother made Tom clean his room by himself.Tom was made to clean his room by himself.注意事项注意事项4.含有含有双宾语双宾语（直宾：物，间宾：人）的主动句变被动句时，可分别（直宾：物，间宾：人）的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动。以以人人当主语时，变法和一当主语时，变法和一般的变法一样般的变法一样，以以物物当主语时，在保留的间接宾语前加当主语时，在保留的间接宾语前加to或或forEg.:My uncle gave me a
15、present.I was given a present by my uncle.A present was given to me by my uncle.什么时候用什么时候用to，什么时候用，什么时候用for？1.give,show,lend,sell,tell,pass,bring,take,teach,offer,pay,promise sth to sb.2.buy,cook,make,find,keep,order,choose,paint sth for sb.常与现在完成时连用的时间状语：already 已经 yet 已经recently/lately 最近 since th
16、en 从那时起ever since 自那以来 ever 曾经so far 迄今为止 for a long time 很长一段时间by now 到现在为止 in recent years 在最近几年里in/during/over the past/last few years 在过去的几年里Their new cars have been advertised on the Internet for a long time.他们的新车在网上做广告已经很长时间了。判断正误:*He has died for 3 years.（）*He died 3 years ago.（）VX带复合宾语的动词变被动
17、语态时,只能将宾语变为主语,原来的宾补保留不动,改成主语补足语。主动:I have asked her to help you.被动:She has been asked to help you.判断正误:*Some of the best conversations have ever happened around the dinner table.（）*Some of the best conversations have been happened around the dinner table.（）VXRead the poem.Then think of your own situ
18、ation and write a similar poem.Activity 3Look at the way the picture has been paintedListen to the way the song has been writtenLook at the way the film has been madeNow think about what you could create.Look at the way the needy（贫困的人）have been helpedLook at the way the river has been cleanedLook at
19、 the way the tree has been plantedNow think how to make the world a better place.提示：该诗歌中几乎每句都有“has/have been+过去分词”，构成现在完成时的被动语态3Read the poem.Then think of your own situation and write a similar poem.Look at the way your face has been washedLook at the way your teeth have been brushedLook at the way
20、 your shoes have been cleanedYoud better do them again.Look at the way the flowers have been plantedLook at the way the grass has been cutLook at the way the paths have been sweptI hope that youll come here again.Read and writeActivity 4Find and correct the mistake in each sentence.(WORKBOOK P74 EX.
21、2)EXAMPLEThis app was used several times since I downloaded it.1 How much money has spent on the earthquake recovery?2 The girl is really upset because her new bicycle has stolen.3 These old houses have been built in the 18th century.4 Its a pity that the letter has never sent to his father.5 Little
22、 had been seen of them since they moved into the house down the street.has beenhas been spenthas been stolenwere builthas never been senthas一、将下列句子改成被动语态。一、将下列句子改成被动语态。1.They have finished the construction of the new railway lines by now.The construction of the new railway lines has been finished by
23、 them by now.2.We have built a new library and a gymnasium in our school this year.A new library and a gymnasium have been built in our school this year by us.3.The car factory has produced a great many fine cars since the technological revolution.A great many fine cars have been produced by the car
24、 factory since the technological revolution.二、将下列句子改为被动语态（1）They have just connected the printer to the computer._（2）We have planted many trees on the hill in the last five years._（3）Tom hasnt sold out all the magazines._（4）Have you found ways to make waste water clean?_（5）She has already returned t
25、his book to the library._The printer has just been connected to the computer（by them）.Many trees have been planted on the hill in the last five years（by us）.All the magazines have not been sold out（by Tom）.Have ways been found to make waste water clean（by you）?This book has already been returned to
26、the library（by her）.Discovering Useful Structures(P30)1.因因.而改变而改变2.的奇迹的奇迹3.将将.转化为转化为4.多功能新型多功能新型PC5.下载软件下载软件6.丢失身份证丢失身份证7.确认确认WiFi密码密码8.按下按钮按下按钮9.复制文件复制文件10.发表关于发表关于.的评论的评论11.在线数据库在线数据库be improved bythe wonders ofchange.intonew PC with more functionsdownload the softwarelose an identity cardconfirm the WiFi passwordpress the buttoncopy the filemade a comment aboutonline datebaseHomeworkLook for a short story you like,highlight the present perfect tense and tell the functions of them.THE END
