1、人教版新教材高中英语必修三人教版新教材高中英语必修三 Unit 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES 单词详解课件Once home,I placed the necklace in my special spot for special things,lost in thought.So far,there were a variety of things like mini cola bottles and shakers.I stared at the stone,so clean and polished.Could it be Chrissys?Was it a very spe
2、cial necklace?Should I return it to her?I paced back and forth in the room anxiously,not knowing what to do.Having struggled for a long time,I finally decided to call the number on the poster and get in touch with Chrissy.I told her that I might have something that belonged to her and made an appoin
3、tment with her.Fifteen minutes later,I was sitting across from Chrissy in the candy shop.We were drinking milkshakes and sharing an order of sweet potato fries.Looking at the blue stone in her hand with her tearful eyes,she told me that the necklace was a gift from her mom before she got sick and sh
4、e was grateful to me for returning the necklace to her.“Holding onto it somehow makes things a little better.”she said.I couldnt agree more with her.It dawned on me that I became“a treasure girl”instead of“a trash girl”called by the mean kids at school.1.moral:adj.道德的道德的;道义上的道义上的 n.品行品行;道德道德;寓意寓意 mo
5、rally adv.道德上道德上 immoral adj.不道德的不道德的 a moral question:道德问题道德问题 traditional moral values 传统的道德观念传统的道德观念 act morally 循规蹈矩循规蹈矩1)We will give them moral support.2)I think we have a moral responsibility to help the poor people.3)Young people these days have no morals.you will succeed if you work hard.2.
6、virtue:n.高尚的道德高尚的道德;美德美德;优秀品质优秀品质 virtual adj.实质上的，实际上的，虚拟的实质上的，实际上的，虚拟的1)His virtue is patience.2)Honesty is a virtue.3)Virtue is beyond price.3.dilemma:n.困境困境;进退两难的境地进退两难的境地 face a dilemma:面临左右为难的困境面临左右为难的困境 be in a dilemma:处于进退两难的境地处于进退两难的境地4.moral dilemma:道德困境道德困境 She was faced with the dilemma
7、of whether to return to her country.5.faint:v.昏倒昏倒;晕厥晕厥 adj.不清楚的不清楚的;微弱的微弱的 faint from hunger 饿昏过去饿昏过去 a faint memory 模糊的记忆模糊的记忆 a faint light 微弱的光线微弱的光线 a faint smile 淡淡的微笑淡淡的微笑 a faint chance很小的机会很小的机会 there is a faint hope 有一线希望有一线希望1)During the exam,the student by the window fainted.2)I almost f
8、ainted when she told me the news.3)They have a faint chance of winning the war.6.illustrate:v.(举例举例)说明说明;阐明阐明;给给(书或文书或文章章)加插图加插图 illustration n.图解图解 illustrative adj.解释性的解释性的 illustrator n.插图画家插图画家 an illustrated book 一本有插画的书一本有插画的书 illustrate sth with sth 用用来讲解来讲解 illustrate what I mean 解释我的意思解释我的意
9、思 to illustrate my point 为了说明的的观点为了说明的的观点7.precious:adj.珍稀的珍稀的;宝贵的宝贵的 precious time 宝贵的时间宝贵的时间 precious memories 珍贵的记忆珍贵的记忆 precious treasure 珍贵的财宝珍贵的财宝 be precious to sb 对某人来说很珍贵对某人来说很珍贵1)Youre wasting your precious time!2)Clean water is precious in that part of the world.8.entrust:v.委托委托;交付交付 entr
10、ust sth to sb=entrust sb with sth:把什么交付把什么交付/委托某人委托某人 be entrusted with sth./sb.被委托以某事被委托以某事/某人某人2)She entrusted her children to a good friend.3)He entrusted the task to his daughter.=He entrusted his daughter with the task.4)They can be entrusted to solve the problems.9.carry sb through sth:帮助某人渡过难
11、关帮助某人渡过难关 carry him through the hardships 帮助他度过难关帮助他度过难关 carry through his plan 完成他的计划完成他的计划 carry out 实行实行;履行；执行履行；执行 carry onwith/doing sth 继续继续做某事做某事 carry away 运走运走;使使失去自制力失去自制力 carry sb.back to sth.使某人回想起使某人回想起某事某事10.marriage mrd:n.结婚结婚;婚姻婚姻;婚礼婚礼wedding marry mr:v.结婚结婚;为为主持婚礼主持婚礼 marry sb:和和结婚结
12、婚;嫁嫁;娶娶;为为.主持婚礼主持婚礼 be/get married to sb:和和结婚结婚 11.majority:n.大部分大部分;大多数大多数 major:adj.主要的主要的;大的大的;重要的重要的 n.主修课程，专业，主修学生主修课程，专业，主修学生 v.主修主修 【major in+专业专业】the majority of 大多数大多数 the majority 大众，大多数人大众，大多数人the vast majority 绝大多数绝大多数 be in the majority 占多数占多数major causes/source 主要原因主要原因/来源来源 play a maj
13、or role in 在在中扮演主角中扮演主角1)The majority of the students come from the countryside.2)The majority is/are preparing for the college entrance exams.The majority做主语，谓语动词可以用单数也可以做主语，谓语动词可以用单数也可以 用复数用复数plain:v.抱怨抱怨;埋怨埋怨;发牢骚发牢骚 complaint:n.投诉投诉;抱怨抱怨;控告控告;不满不满complainto sb about/of sth:向某人向某人抱怨抱怨/埋怨某事埋怨某事 com
14、plain to sb that 向某人向某人抱怨抱怨/投诉投诉 make a complaint 提出投诉提出投诉 make a complaint to sb.about sth.向某人抱怨向某人抱怨 a letter of complaint 投诉信投诉信 He complained(to the headmaster)that he hadnt been fairly treated.注意注意complain 后面后面不能直接跟人作宾语不能直接跟人作宾语，要加介词要加介词to。类似的还有。类似的还有explain解释解释、mention提及提及、announce宣布宣布2023-3-2
15、3单句写作单句写作（4 4）词汇复现）词汇复现She_ She_ （向我抱怨说）（向我抱怨说）no one could tell her the no one could tell her the feature of the house.feature of the house.（5 5）We should think how to deal with the We should think how to deal with the problems instead of _problems instead of _ （抱怨别人的错误）（抱怨别人的错误）.一句多译一句多译（6 6）他总是向我
16、抱怨生活有压力。他总是向我抱怨生活有压力。He is always_ He is always_ the stressful life.the stressful life.=He is always_ =He is always_ the stressful life.the stressful plained to me that complaining about others mistakescomplaining to me about making a complaint to me about 13.tuition:n.(小组小组)教学教学;讲课讲课;学费学费1)With dee
17、p sadness,she decided to pay Lucys tuition for school.2)She is having extra tuition in chemistry.她正在补化学。她正在补化学。14.fee:n.专业服务费专业服务费;报酬报酬15.school/tuition fees 学费学费=tuition for school extra/legal/medical fees 额外额外/律师律师/医疗费用医疗费用charge a fee 收取费用 an entrance fee 入场费1)There is no entrance fee（入场费）（入场费）to
18、 the museum.2)Kate,you get half the fees.All right?3)My daughter looks after the neighbors child for a small fee.16.respond:vt.回答回答;回复回复;vi.做出反应做出反应;回应回应 response:n.响应响应;反应反应;回答回答;答复答复 answer:v./n.回答回答;答复答复 respond to.:对对.回答回答/回应回应/回复回复1)She responded,“Id rather stay single to study all my life!”2)T
19、hey will respond positively to the presidents request for money.注意：注意：respond常用作不及物动词，后接宾语时，常用作不及物动词，后接宾语时，要加介词要加介词to，这与，这与reply用法一样，而用法一样，而answer后直后直接接宾语。接接宾语。17.response:n.反应反应;回答回答;回复回复 in response to.:作为作为的答复的答复;响应响应,回答回答;make no response to 对对没做回应没做回应1)I knocked on the door but there was no res
20、ponse.2)We have not received a response from the government.3)All our soldiers have gone to the front in response of attacks on us.18.union:n.协会协会;联合会联合会;工会工会 unite:v.统一统一;联合联合;联手联手;团结团结 united:adj.联合的联合的;统一的统一的;团结的团结的 The Students/Student Union:学生会学生会 19.scholarship:n.奖学金奖学金 scholar:n.学者学者;奖学金获得者奖学
21、金获得者1)They were very proud to see their son awarded the university scholarship.2)He has got a scholarship to Peking University.3)She won a scholarship to study at Harvard University.20.hire:v.聘任聘任;雇用雇用;租用租用 n.租借租借;租用租用 hire sth out hire sth out 短期短期 出租某出租某物物 hire sb.to do sth.hire sb.to do sth.雇用雇用某
22、人做某事某人做某事 hirehire的反义词：的反义词：firefire vt.开除，解雇1)They will hire/rent a room for the workers.2)You can hire/rent a car for a day to explore the city.21.physician:n.医师；（尤指）内科医生医师；（尤指）内科医生 phycial adj.肉体的，物质的，有形的，肉体的，物质的，有形的，物理的物理的 physician order 医嘱医嘱22.Resident physician:住院医师住院医师 23.23.colleague collea
23、gue n.n.同事；同僚同事；同僚 =coworker/workmate=coworker/workmate 24.reject:v.拒绝接受拒绝接受;不录用不录用;拒收拒收 n.废品，次品；不合格者废品，次品；不合格者25.rejection:n.拒绝接受拒绝接受;否决否决 reject a decision/an offer/a suggestion:拒绝一个决定拒绝一个决定/一项提议一项提议/一个建议一个建议 reject sb./sth:拒绝接受拒绝接受;不录用不录用;拒收拒收 a rejection letter a rejection letter 一封回绝一封回绝信信 refu
24、se:v.拒绝拒绝;回绝回绝;推却推却;refuse to do.:拒绝做什么拒绝做什么 refuse sth:拒绝拒绝;回绝回绝;推却推却26.appoint:v.任命任命;委派委派 disappoint:v.使失望使失望appoint sb(as)sth:任命某人当什么任命某人当什么appoint sb to sth:派某人任某职派某人任某职appoint sb to do sth:派某人做某事派某人做某事appoint a time/place for sth/to do sth约定时间约定时间/地点做地点做appointment:n.任命任命;预约预约;约会约会;委任委任have an
25、 appointment with sb.和某人有约会和某人有约会make an appointment 预约预约by appointment按约定按约定keep/cancel an appointment 遵守遵守/取消约会取消约会an appointment letter 任命书任命书appointed adj.约定的，指定的约定的，指定的 at the appointed time 在约定的时间在约定的时间2023-3-23（1 1）SalmonSalmon，disableddisabled，is is attendedattended（照（照料）料）throughout her sch
26、ool days by a throughout her school days by a nurse_nurse_（appointappoint）to guard her.to guard her.（2 2）I hate to rush youI hate to rush you，(我不想催我不想催你你)but I have anotherbut I have another （appointappoint）.（3 3）To his joyTo his joy，he _he _ （appointappoint）as manager.After allas manager.After all，
27、this represented his ability.And the this represented his ability.And the moment he received the_moment he received the_（appointappoint）letterletter，he called and made he called and made an _an _ （appointappoint）with his former teacherwith his former teacher，for whose help he was grateful.for whose
28、help he was grateful.appointedappointment was appointed appointmentappointment 27.clinic n.诊所；门诊部诊所；门诊部clinician n.临床医师clinical adj.临床的Clinically adv.临床地28.faraway:adj.遥远的遥远的 far away:在远处在远处 far away from 远离，离远离，离远远 in the distance:在远处在远处 a faraway look/expression 心不在焉的表情心不在焉的表情1)At times she was ev
29、en seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.2)They have just returned from faraway places.4)A lot of birds flew towards us slowly from far away.29.elect:vt.选举，推选选举，推选30.election:n.选举选举;推选推选;当选当选 run for election:参加竞选参加竞选在在“elect+sb.+职务职务”的结构中，总统、市长的结构中，总统、市长等独一无二的职位前不用任何冠词。等独
30、一无二的职位前不用任何冠词。1)The man refused to accept the election result.2)He has won/lost the election.3)In America,presidential elections are held every four years.4)The media played an important part in the last election.31.decade:n.十年十年;十年期十年期in the decade:在这十年在这十年in the next decade:在下个十年在下个十年in the past/l
31、ast decade 在过去的十年中在过去的十年中1)In 1954,she was elected to the first National Peoples Congress and,over the next several decades,she held many important positions.2)British Railway has become more commercial over/in the past decade.3)The two countries fought a border(边界边界)war a decade/10 years ago.33.ten
32、d:v.照顾照顾;照料照料;倾向倾向;趋于趋于tendencytendency n n.趋势；倾向趋势；倾向have a tendency to do sthhave a tendency to do sth.倾向于做某事倾向于做某事34.tend to do sth:易于做某事易于做某事;往往会发生某事往往会发生某事tend(to)sb/sth:照料，照顾照料，照顾 tend to/towards+名词名词:倾向于倾向于;趋于趋于look after:照顾照顾;照料照料take(good)care of:照顾照顾;照料照料1)The doctors and nurses will tend
33、the injured.2)Women tend to live longer than men.3)When Im tired,I tend to make mistakes.4)His views tend towards the extreme.2023-3-23（1）Typically，people tend _ （make）mistakes when tired.（2）The nurses were tending those injured by firecrackers.（3）I have a tendency （talk）too much when nervous.（4）The
34、 modern furniture designs tend _simplicity(简约).（5）People （往往需要）less sleep as they get older.to maketoto talktowardstend to need35.publish:v.发表发表(作品作品);出版出版 publisher n.出版人出版人或机构或机构；发行人；发行人或机构或机构 publish to the world 公之于世公之于世 publish under ones real name 用真名发表用真名发表 print:v.打印打印;印刷印刷;登载登载;刊登刊登1)She wa
35、s more interested in tending patients,publishing medical research on care for women andchildren,and training the next generation of doctors.2)The dictionary was published in 1997.3)The report will be published on the Internet.36.staff:n.员工员工;全体职员全体职员 The staff +动词单数动词单数/复数复数Eg:The staff is/are worki
36、ng.37.retire:v.退休退休;退职退职;退出退出 retire from office/service/the world/:退职退职/退役退役/脱离社会脱离社会 retire as 从从职位上退休职位上退休 retire from ones job:退退休休retired adj.退休的退休的 a retired worker/teacher:退休工人退休工人/教师教师retiring adj.将要退休的将要退休的retirement n.退休，退职，退休生活退休，退职，退休生活 take early retirement 提前退提前退1、She was forced to ret
37、ire from teaching because of ill health.2、The countrys official retiring age is 65.退休年龄退休年龄（1）He has agreed to struggle on(奋奋斗斗)，though he hopes to retire_ his position.（2）They will hold a party in celebration of her_ （retire）.（3）The other day a _ （retire）couple came to my office.（4）My father_ （从（从退
38、休）退休）teaching 3 years ago.fromretirementretiredretired from38.saving:n.节省物节省物;节省节省;节约节约;(复数复数)储蓄金储蓄金;存款存款 save:v.救救;挽救挽救;储蓄储蓄;救助救助;攒钱攒钱;收集收集;收藏收藏save sb.from doing sth.省了某人做某事的省了某人做某事的时时间间1)Buy five books and you will make a saving of 15 dollars.2)Her savings are in the Agricultural Bank of China.3)
39、She drew all her savings from the bank.30.kindergarten:n.学前班;幼儿园 nursery:n.托儿所infant n.婴儿，幼儿40.principle:n.道德原则道德原则;法则法则;原则原则 principal adj.最重要的，主要的，资本的最重要的，主要的，资本的 n.校长，主要演员，主角，当事人校长，主要演员，主角，当事人 a man of principle 有道德准则的人有道德准则的人 be against ones principles 违背某人的原则违背某人的原则 stick to your principle 恪守你的
40、原则恪守你的原则 in principle 原则上，按道理，基本上原则上，按道理，基本上 on principle 依据依据道德道德原则原则1)I refuse to lie about it;its against my principles.2)The principle behind it is very simple.2023-3-23单句写作（1）Anyway，I cant cheat in the examsits _（违背我的原则）.（2）（原则上），the new software should make the accounting system a lot simpler.
41、原则上，新软件会使会记系统变的简单很多。（3）Though poor，he still _ （坚持他的原则）.against my principles In principle sticks to his principles41.passive:adj.被动的被动的;顺从的顺从的 n.被动式，被动语态被动式，被动语态 passive voice 被动语态被动语态 active:adj.积极的积极的;忙碌的忙碌的;活跃的活跃的1)Many studies have shown that shy,passive children tend to be socially rejected by
42、their classmates.2)His passive attitude made things easier for me.3)We mustnt be passive.4)Passive smoking can be deadly too.42.scared:adj.害怕的害怕的;对对感到惊慌感到惊慌/恐惧的恐惧的 43.scare vt.惊吓，使害怕惊吓，使害怕 vi.受惊吓受惊吓 scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的恐怖的，吓人的 be scared/afraid/frightened ofdoingsth:害怕害怕 be scared to do sth.害怕做某事害怕做某事 s
43、care sb.into doing sth.恐吓某人做某事恐吓某人做某事 scareoff/away 把把吓跑吓跑 a scary moment/movie 恐怖的一刻恐怖的一刻/恐怖片恐怖片1)She was so scared during the interview that she completely forgot how she should respond to the questions.2)Im certainly not scared of the dog.3)People are scared of walking/to walk in the streets late
44、 at night.44.sharp:adj.(增长增长/下跌等下跌等)急剧的急剧的;锋利的锋利的;明显的明显的 sharply adv.急剧地，尖刻地，严急剧地，尖刻地，严厉地厉地 sharpen v.使使锋利，锋利，使使提高提高 a sharp knife 锋利的刀锋利的刀 sharp teeth 锋利的牙齿锋利的牙齿 a sharp bend 急拐弯急拐弯 a sharp pain 一阵剧痛一阵剧痛 have sharp eyes 有敏锐的眼睛有敏锐的眼睛 have a sharp tongue 说话尖刻说话尖刻 a man with a sharp mind 一名头脑敏锐的男士一名头脑
45、敏锐的男士a sharp drop/increse in prices 价格的骤降价格的骤降/骤升骤升a sharp rise in crime犯罪率的急剧上犯罪率的急剧上升升a sharp increase in unemployment 失业人数的剧增失业人数的剧增45.insurance:n.保险保险;保险业保险业 insure vt.确保，保证，给确保，保证，给保险保险 vi.确保，投保确保，投保an/the insurance company保险公司保险公司China Life Insurance Company:中国中国人寿保险人寿保险公司公司 life/car/travel/ho
46、useholdinsurance 人寿人寿/汽车汽车/旅行旅行/家庭财产保险家庭财产保险take out insurance against.办理办理.的保险的保险pay insurance on.交交.的保险金的保险金have insurance on 给给上保险上保险46.energetic:adj.精力充沛的精力充沛的;充满活力的充满活力的 keep energetic 保持活力保持活力 energetic exercise 剧烈运动剧烈运动 energetically adv.精力充沛地，积精力充沛地，积极地极地 talk energetically 满怀热情满怀热情地说地说 ener
47、gy:n.精力精力;力量力量;能源能源 have the energy to do sth.有精力做某事 renewable energy 可再生能源可再生能源 apply/devote/put ones energy to sth.把精力投入到某事中把精力投入到某事中 be full of energy 充满活力充满活力 traditional sources of energy 传统能源传统能源2023-3-23词语辨析 strength，force，energy 与 power易混词辨析strength 体力；强度；强项 force 武力，暴力；部队energy 精力，活力；能量powe
48、r 权力；能力；动力2023-3-23（1）The teenagers have many virtues，who are lively and （energy）.（2）He works so hard that he doesnt have the energy （exercise）.（3）You are always _ （精力充沛的）.Can you tell me the secret?（4）Do you wake up every morning _（感到精力充沛）and ready to start a new day?energeticto exercisefull of ene
49、rgyfeeling energetic47.replace:v.接替接替;取代取代;更换更换replacement n.取代，代替取代，代替 replace A with B 用用B取代取代A A be replaced by B 被被取代取代 replace sb.as 取代某人当取代某人当 eg:replace supper with snacks 用零食代替晚饭用零食代替晚饭 replace the old with the new 除旧迎新除旧迎新 2023-3-23归纳拓展“代替代替”的表达法：的表达法：in place of sb.=in ones place，take the
50、place of sb.=take ones placeinstead of 代替代替;而不是而不是 2023-3-23（1）He replaced the pudding _ mashed potatoes.（2）It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should （replace）with a modern hotel or not.（3）If your passport is stolen，you should apply for a _（replace）immediately.（4）There is somet
