1、语 法Discovering Useful Structures语 法Discovering the rulesPA RT 1Direct Speech VS Indirect Speech What can you find out?Direct SpeechIndirect Speech1“I lost the key to your bike,”Bob said to me.Bob told me that he had lost the key to my bike.2He asked Mary,“Do you want to go to theconcert with me?”He
2、asked Mary if/whether she wanted to go to the concert with him.3“Why dont you tell me the news here?”Franz said to Lily.Franz asked Lily why she didnt tell him the news there.4“Write your answers on your papers.”the teacher said to his students.The teacher told his students to write their answers on
3、 their papers.Direct Speech：原封不动引用原话（放在引号内）；Indirect Speech：用自己的话加以转述（不放在引号内）成陈述句。Direct Speech VS Indirect Speech What can you find out?Direct SpeechIndirect Speech1“I lost the key to your bike,”Bob said to me.Bob told me that he had lost the key to my bike.2He asked Mary,“Do you want to go to thec
4、oncert with me?”He asked Mary if/whether she wanted to go to the concert with him.3“Why dont you tell me the news here?”Franz said to Lily.Franz asked Lily why she didnt tell him the news there.4“Write your answers on your papers.”the teacher said to his students.The teacher told his students to wri
5、te their answers on their papers.陈述句一般疑问句特殊疑问句祈使句Direct Speech Indirect Speech：时态、人称代词、限定词、语序都发生变化Studying the rulesPA RT 2 一、连接词：陈述句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变成间接引语的时都转化为宾语从句，宾语从句必须用陈述语序。that he liked playing basketballvery much.The boy said,“I like playing basketball very much.”The boy said直接引语间接引语陈述句用连词_引导that
6、,that可以省略一、连接词：陈述句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变成间接引语的时都转化为宾语从句，宾语从句必须用陈述语序。whether/if he likedplaying basketball.The teacher asked the boy,“Do you like playing basketball?”The teacher asked the boy直接引语间接引语陈述句用连词_引导一般疑问句 用连词_或_引导that that可以省略 if whether一、连接词：陈述句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变成间接引语的时都转化为宾语从句，宾语从句必须用陈述语序。why she didnt
7、tell him the news there.“Why dont you tell me the news here?”Franz said to Lily.Franz asked Lily 原来的疑问词直接引语间接引语陈述句用连词_引导一般疑问句 用连词_或_引导特殊疑问句 用_引导that that可以省略 if whether原来的疑问词二、人称变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，人称的变化遵循这样的规则：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。(1)“一随主”。若直接引语中有第一人称，变间接引语时应与主句中主语的人称相一致。that her brother wanted to go with he
8、r.Betty said,“My brother wants to go with me.”Betty said 二、人称变化：(2)“二随宾”。若直接引语中有第二人称，变间接引语时应与主句中宾语的人称相一致。if he had watched the football match.She asked John,“Have you watched the football match?”She asked John 二、人称变化：(3)“第三人称不更新”。直接引语中的第三人称变间接引语时不需要变化。Paul was an experienced worker.“Paul is an exper
9、ienced worker,”said the manager.The manager said 温馨提示需要注意的是，物主代词也要随主语的变化而改变。that her notebook was on his desk.Mr Smith said to Dora,“Your notebook is on my desk.”Mr Smith told Dora 三、时态变化：客观真理句时态不变。时态前移三、时态变化：that she had finished writing thereport.Helen said,“Ive finished writing the report.”Helen
10、said 三、时态变化：that his father had come to pickhim up.The boy said,“My father came to pick me up.”Helen said 三、时态变化：that he had finished his homework before supper.He said,“I had finished my homework before supper.”Helen said 四、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等的变化四、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等的变化that he was going to see a film that
11、evening.He said,“I am going to see a film this evening.”Helen said 四、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等的变化His friend asked where he had had a picnic the day before.“Where did you have a picnic yesterday?”asked his friend.五、直接引语是祈使句祈使句通常表示要求或命令，变间接引语时常用tell/order/command sb to do sth的形式。若为否定祈使句，变间接引语时不定式前加not或never。The
12、y asked(us)to work hard.They:“Work Hard!”What have you learnt?祈使句The girl:“Dont say this word again.”The girl asked not to say that word again.How to change into indirect speech?小变身：句式1-陈述句she always uses her loth bag when she goes shopping.Michelle said to me:“I always use my cloth bag when I go sh
13、opping.”Michelle told me(that)直接引语中的动词如果是said to sb.,在间接引语中则变为told sb.(that)。How to change into indirect speech?she wants to become a scientist and help the world.Martha:“I want to become a scientist and help the world.”Martha saidAttention:当引语是客观真理、谚语格言、动词时态是一般现在时时，从句时态无须改变。How to change into indir
14、ect speech?小变身：句式2-一般疑问句if/whether scientists would discover new species there.Vincent:“Will scientists discover new species here?”Vincent asked主语+asked（sb.)+if/whether；间接引语都是陈述句，if/whether 后面调整为“主语+谓语”语序，“？”变成“.”。How to change into indirect speech?小变身：句式3-特殊疑问句how many animals had disappeared becau
15、se of human hunting.Laura:“How many animals have disappeared because of human hunting?”Laura asked间接引语都是陈述句，特殊疑问词后面调整为“主语+谓语”语序，“？”变成“.”。2.主语+asked（sb.)+特殊疑问词；Applying the rulesPA RT 3Practice 11.Volunteers:“We planted trees on these barren sandy plots last year.”They said _ _ _ trees on _ barren sa
16、ndy plots the year _.2.Sarah:“Are you interested in buying an electric car?”Sarah asked me _ _ _ interested in buying an electric car.theyifhadplantedthoseIambeforePractice 23.“Who is responsible for global warming?”he said.He _ _ _ responsible for global warming.4.“Stop using disposable chopsticks,
17、Charlie.”he said.He _ Charlie_ _ using disposable chopsticks.askedaskedwhotostopisPractice 35.She:“Have you experienced heavy smog where you live?”She asked _ _ _ experienced heavy smog where _ live.6.“Why is nuclear power a sensitive topic these days?”he asked.He asked me _ _ _ _ a sensitive topic
18、_ days.ifwhyIhadnuclear wasIthosepowerConclusionPA RT 4Direct Speech Indirect Speech三变词变时变句变人称代词：13；21；33指示代词：this that;these those(近指远指）时间状语：now then地点状语：here there所有时态后移，如一般过去时过去完成时陈述句：said(that).一般疑问句：asked+if/whether+陈述语序.特殊疑问句：asked+特殊疑问词+陈述语序.祈使句：asked/told/ordered(sb.)(not)to do suggest+(not)
19、V-ing.HomeworkPA RT 5常规作业：将下列句子转换为间接引语。1.“I am having supper here.”he said.He said_2.“Dont look out of the window.”she said.She asked _3.He said,“You can sit here,Jim.”He _Jim that _4.He:“How did you find it,Mother?”He asked his mother_5.“Did you read the book last week?he said.He _he was having sup
20、per there.me not to look out of the window.he could sit there.toldhow she had found it.asked if I had read the book the week before.进阶作业：请将这些句子转换成间接引语1.Ive been a volunteer for 17 years and I will take this as motivation to continue helping youth understand and protect mother nature,said Wang Ping,f
21、rom Qinghai Province,who works in a green living team.Wang Ping said _ _ _ she had been a volunteer for 17 years and she would take that as motivation to continue helping youth understand and protect mother nature.2.This is recognition for my eight-year volunteering service in protecting biodiversit
22、y.I will fulfill my duty and encourage more people to participate in the job,said Wei Xingzhi,who works in a wildlife protection society in Lijiang.Wei Xingzhi said _ _ _that was recognition for his eight-year volunteering service in protecting biodiversity.He would fulfill his duty and encourage more people to participate in the job.进阶作业：请将这些句子转换成间接引语3.Now we are advocating waste sorting.Can we make garbage bags at home in different colors?said Ju Ping,an environmental protection observer.Ju Ping asked _ _if we could make garbage bags at home in different colors.进阶作业：请将这些句子转换成间接引语
