1、U n i t 1Section BGrammar and usage&Integrated skills英英 语语内 容 索 引基础落实必备知识全过关重难探究能力素养全提升语法冲关语言规则全理清学以致用随堂检测全达标基础落实基础落实必备知识全过关必备知识全过关.重点单词重点单词必记写作词汇必记写作词汇1.n.焦点,重点vt.&vi.集中 2.n.细节;具体情况 3.n.指点,实用的提示;尖端;小费 4.n.目的,目标 vi.&vt.力争做到;目的是;针对5.n.风格;方式;样式 6.n.技巧,技艺;技能 focusdetailtipaimstyletechnique识记阅读词汇识记阅读词汇1
2、.workshop n.2.material n.adj.研讨会,讲习班;车间,作坊材料,素材物质的,实际的;客观存在的串记拓展词汇串记拓展词汇1._ vt.以为基础(依据)n.根据;基础;基底;总部,大本营_ adj.基本的,最重要的_ adv.主要地,基本地 2._ vt.提醒,使想起_ n.提醒物 3._ n.提议,建议,动议_ vt.提议,建议 4._ adj.职业的,专业的;有职业的;娴熟的,精通业务的n.专门人员,专业人士_ adv.专业地,内行地_ n.职业,专业;行业 5._ n.海报;(在网络留言板上)发布消息的人_ vt.张贴;公布;邮递;布置 basebasicbasic
3、allyremindreminderproposalproposeprofessionalprofessionallyprofessionposterpost.重点短语重点短语1.注意 2.由于3.实现4.以为基础5.分解;发生故障6.以自豪7.提醒某人,使某人想起8.坚持;固守,维持pay attention toas a result ofcome truebe based onbreak downbe proud ofremind sb of.stick to重难重难探究探究能力能力素养全提升素养全提升重点词汇重点词汇1.focus n.焦点,重点vt.&vi.集中【教材原句教材原句】S
4、etting goals gives you a focus in life.设定目标会给你一个生活焦点。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】(1)focus on/upon集中于focus ones attention/mind/energy on/upon.集中注意力/心思/精力于focus ones eyes on.注视(2)the focus of attention注意力的焦点bring.into focus使成为焦点in focus 焦点对准的,清晰的out of focus 焦点未对准的,不清晰的【名师点津名师点津】全神贯注于/专心于的表达还有:concentrate(ones mind/att
5、ention)onbe buried/absorbed/lost inbury/lose oneself inkeep ones mind onfix ones mind/attention on【背佳句背佳句】(2021全国乙卷)This kind of“distracted focus”appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.这种“分散注意力”似乎是从事创造性工作的最佳状态。练出神 单句填空(2021北京卷)I had only focused the fact that it was another schoo
6、l project and one I wanted to get a good grade on.This photo of John isnt focus;I cant see his face clearly.写精彩 完成句子背诵(2020新高考全国卷)把注意力集中在你的听众身上,可以消除对公众演讲的恐惧。Take the fear out of public speaking by .on/uponinfocusing on your listeners2.detail n.细节;具体情况【教材原句教材原句】To realize your goals,you need to have
7、a good plan,manage your time well and pay attention to details.要实现你的目标,你需要有一个好的计划,管理好你的时间,并注意细节。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】(1)go into detail(s)详细叙述,逐一说明in(great)detail(极为)详细地(2)detailed adj.详细的,精细的;复杂的,详尽的【背佳句背佳句】(2021北京卷)Then,an OIC representative gave us some details,which somewhat interested me.然后,伊斯兰会议组织的一名代表向我们
8、介绍了一些细节,这使我有些感兴趣。练出神 单句填空Then came more than 500 enquiries for(detail)information.In order to deliver a clear presentation,I slowly explained the traditional procedure of making tea detail.写精彩 完成句子背诵他不想详述那些天发生的所有事情。He doesnt wish_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _of those days.detailedinto go into detail(s)about all th
9、e events3.as a result of 由于【教材原句教材原句】As a result of your action,your dream will come true and hopefully you will live a happy life.作为你行动的结果,你的梦想将会实现,希望你会过上幸福的生活。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】(1)as a result因此,结果without result 徒劳,毫无结果(2)result in 导致,造成result from.起因于,由造成【易混辨析易混辨析】as a result一般用于句首,且要用逗号与后面的句子隔开,意为“因此,所以”
10、as a result of介词短语,后面接名词、动词-ing等,意为“因为,由于”【图形助记图形助记】【背佳句背佳句】(2021北京卷)Recently,I conceptualized a new approach to timekeeping thats connected to circumstances on our planet,conditions that might change as a result of global warming.最近,我提出了一种新的计时方法,它与我们地球上的环境有关,这些环境可能会由于全球变暖而改变。练出神 单句填空(2021北京卷)This f
11、eeling can also result many other health problems.写精彩 句型转换/完成句子背诵Walking upright results in physical suffering.Physical suffering walking upright.据信,近50万人因为这场灾难而离开了家园。Nearly half a million people are believed to have left their homes the disaster.inresults fromas a result of4.base vt.以为基础(依据)n.根据;基础
12、;基底;总部,大本营【教材原句教材原句】Instead,you should set goals based on your abilities and skills.相反,你应该根据自己的能力和技能来设定目标。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】(1)base.on.把建立在的基础上be based on/upon以为基础base.in.把安置在(2)basic adj.基础的basically adv.基本地,基本上【背佳句背佳句】Candidates will be matched with a task based on skill set.候选人将根据技能组合匹配一项任务。练出神 单句填空He ex
13、plained our(base)task,the tractor fired up and we were off,riding down the field looking for weeds to spray with chemicals.Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based how they typed,with very low error rates.(base),its“Ive got to produce this product and th
14、en,at the end of year,present it to NASA.”Were going to base ourselves Beijing and make trips from there.basiconBasicallyin写精彩 完成句子背诵许多业务仍然是通过电话完成的,而且大部分是建立在信任和现有关系的基础上。A lot of business is still done over the phone,and much of it .is based on trust and existing relationships5.remind vt.提醒,使想起【教材原句教
15、材原句】This will remind you of what you are working for and keep you focused.这会提醒你为了什么而努力并且让你精力集中。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】(1)remind sb of.提醒某人;使某人想起remind sb to do sth提醒某人做某事remind sb that.提醒某人(2)reminder n.提醒的人/事物【背佳句背佳句】(2021新高考全国卷)The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny
16、we humans are.当你登上山顶时,你看到的滚滚云海会提醒你,我们人类是多么渺小。练出神 单句填空(2021新高考全国卷)Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me the popular Beatles song“The Long and Winding Road”.Im king of this forest,and here is your(remind)!It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member(take)medicine.写精彩 完成句子背诵然而,她的父亲提醒她,甜食对她
17、的牙齿不好。However,sugary treats were bad for her teeth.ofreminderto takeher dad reminded her that6.proposal n.提议,建议,动议【教材原句教材原句】Give the signed proposal to Mr Zhou.把签字的提案交给周先生。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】propose v.提议,建议propose that.建议propose doing sth建议做某事Its proposed that.有人提议【背佳句背佳句】All of us applauded the proposal tha
18、t every cent should be used where it is needed most.我们所有人都同意这个把每一分钱都用在最需要的地方的提议。练出神 单句填空The teacher may require a second(propose)if the first is off-topic or unclear.I heard him propose(call)the fire department.What do you think of the proposal that improvement(make)in the type of vacuum cleaner?写精彩
19、 完成句子背诵会议上提出了一个建议,那就是新工厂不应该建在学校附近。A proposal was put forward at the meeting that_ _ _ near the school.proposalcallingshould be madethe new factoryshouldnt be built7.aim n.目的,目标vi.&vt.力争做到;目的是;针对【教材原句教材原句】The aims of the club 俱乐部的目标【归纳拓展归纳拓展】(1)achieve ones aim 达到某人的目的;实现某人的目标with the aim of 目的是;旨在wi
20、thout aim 漫无目的地(2)aim to do sth/aim at doing sth目的在于be aimed at 目的是;旨在;针对(3)aimless adj.没有目标的aimlessly adv.没有目标地【背佳句背佳句】(2021新高考全国卷)Our aim was to see if we could live,in some way,like real Parisians.我们的目标是看看我们是否能以某种方式像真正的巴黎人一样生活。练出神 单句填空Earth Day,marked on 22 April,is an annual event aiming(raise)p
21、ublic awareness about environmental protection.All our projects aim promoting the development of poor and remote areas.the aim of raising some money for the local charity,we invited several famous musicians and singers.Jane moved(aim)down the tree-lined street,not knowing where she was heading.to ra
22、iseatWithaimlessly写精彩 一句多译背诵他的目标是在7月中旬结束他的旅程。He by mid-July.(aim to do sth)He by mid-July.(aim at doing sth)His aim by mid-July.aims to finish his journeyaims at finishing his journeyis to finish his journey重点句式重点句式动名词(短语)作主语【教材原句教材原句】Finally,setting goals makes you more confident.最后,设定目标会让你更自信。【归纳拓
23、展归纳拓展】(1)动名词(短语)作主语时,常常放在句首;当表语为no use,no good,any good等词或useless,nice,good,interesting等形容词时,句首常用it作形式主语,而将动词-ing形式后置。(2)两个或两个以上的动名词作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。(3)除了动名词可作主语外,动词不定式也可作主语,但动词不定式作主语时多表示一次性的、具体的动作。(4)动名词(短语)作主语时,如果要突出动作的执行者,在动名词(短语)前加上其逻辑主语,其逻辑主语要用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词,不能用名词的普通格或人称代词宾格。【背佳句背佳句】(2021全国乙卷)So b
24、eing interesting at a dinner party isnt that hard.所以在晚宴上表现得有趣并不难。练出神 单句填空For most people,(have)things stolen feels like an offence.But being smart online learners(have)its advantages and disadvantages.Its no use(cry)over spilt milk.写精彩 完成句子背诵(2021全国乙卷)在某些情况下,简单地说声谢谢似乎不够。Simply in certain situations.
25、havinghascryingsaying thank you doesnt seem enough语法冲语法冲关关语言语言规则全理清规则全理清情景导入情景导入句子成分和句子结构 阅读下面短文,写出黑体部分所作的句子成分。Life in junior high school is exciting but tiring.We need to learn more subjects which we didnt need to learn in the past.Plenty of homework puts us under too much pressure.So some students
26、 gradually give up their lessons and spend their study time playing computer games.Perhaps after one or two years,they begin to realize they have missed much,but it is too late for them.However,some of us are not defeated by difficulties.Those students consider these problems as challenges which enc
27、ourage them to study much harder than before.Therefore,they will be admitted to a good university and have a bright future.【语法感悟】句子是表达思想的基本单位,主要的句子成分有主语、谓语、宾语、补语、状语、表语、定语等。观察上文的画线部分:在句中,处作,处作,处作,处作,处作,处作,处作,处作,处作,处作。表语宾语主语介词宾语状语宾语定语谓语主语补足语定语语法精讲语法精讲一、句子的基本成分1.主语:是在句中说明全句中心主题的部分,一般由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句
28、充当。其位置一般在句首。The girl is lovely and helpful.这女孩很可爱,乐于助人。Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。2.谓语:说明主语做什么、是什么、怎么样,由简单动词或者动词短语构成。He speaks English very fluently.他英语说得很流利。3.表语:说明主语是什么,或者怎么样,由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词或者从句充当,表语位于系动词后面。His dream is to be a teacher.他的梦想是成为一名老师。4.宾语:是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词和从句等充当。它和
29、及物动词一起说明主语做了什么,其位于谓语之后。She likes swimming.她喜欢游泳。5.宾语补足语:在英语中,有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思,还必须在宾语后面加上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思,它起补充说明宾语干什么、怎么样的作用,通常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词充当。When he came back home,he found his bike missing.当他回到家时,他发现自行车不见了。6.状语:用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。它表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式和程度等,一般由副词、介词短语、动词不定式或相当于副词的词或短
30、语充当,也可由从句充当。The student makes great progress with the help of the teacher.在老师的帮助下,这个学生取得很大的进步。7.定语:用来修饰名词或代词,形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词、从句都可以充当定语。The girl in white is his sister.穿白衣服的那个女孩是他的姐姐。二、英语中的句子结构类型1.SV(A)主语+谓语(+状语)本句型中谓语动词是不及物动词,其后没有宾语,但能表达完整的意思,与主语构成主谓关系。谓语动词后还可接副词或者介词短语作状语,说明动作的程度、地点或时
31、间等。The sun is rising.太阳在冉冉升起。He works hard.他努力学习。2.SVO(A)主语+谓语+宾语(+状语)本句型中谓语动词都是及物动词,具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,其后必须跟宾语即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。宾语后还可接副词或介词短语作状语。He has made progress.他已取得进步。She wants to go home now.她现在想回家。3.SVP(主语+连系动词+表语)本句型中谓语动词是连系动词,不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语一起构成谓语,才能表达完整的意思。Her face tu
32、rned red.她的脸红了。4.SVOO(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语)有些及物动词可以有两个宾语,这两个宾语通常一个指人,为间接宾语;一个指物,为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前;如果直接宾语置于间接宾语之前,其间需加介词。He bought his son a bike.=He bought a bike for his son.他给儿子买了一辆自行车。5.SVOC(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语)本句型中的动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。宾语补足语位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明,宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系
33、,它们一起构成复合宾语。We should make our country stronger and stronger.我们应该使我们的国家越来越强大。学以致用学以致用随随堂检测全达标堂检测全达标.单词拼写1.(2021新高考全国卷)Emotional intelligence,with its(重点)on both head and heart,may serve to point us in the right direction.2.For more(细节),visit us at Unit 3 Park View Lane or contact Ellen White at 740-
34、6968399.3.A speech contest will be held and it(目的是)to help improve the students oral English.4.In my version of the story,I added some new(素材).focusdetailsaimsmaterial5.It shows how to prepare a resume,and gives(建议)on applying for jobs.6.He went off to the Amsterdam Academy to improve his(技能).7.Last
35、 week,I attended a research(研讨会)on an island in the South Pacific.8.Our childrens different needs and learning(方式)created many problems.tipstechniqueworkshopstyles.词形转换1.He placed the brochure on his desk as a(remind).2.Submit a topic(propose)to your history teacher.3.Favorable policies are in effec
36、t to encourage employees(profession)development.4.He tore the(post)off the wall and put up his advertisement.5.They were imprisoned and deprived of their(base)rights.reminderproposalprofessionalposterbasic.写出画线部分在句中所作的成分 Some think 1.sport()does us good in many ways.Not only does sport help people 2
37、.to stay fit and healthy(),but the competition and teamwork in sport 3.give()people a lot of motivation to keep going and to push themselves hard.Others believe 4.that sport is not the only way to do this().Eating well is a big part of a 5.healthy()life.On the other hand,sport can actually be 6.dang
38、erous().Millions of people are hurt by playing sport each year.Many children are not naturally talented and only come across failure and embarrassment 7.on the sports field().This hurts their confidence.主语宾语补足语谓语宾语定语表语状语.写出下列画线部分的结构类型 My mother is always strict with me,especially after 1.I entered t
39、he middle school().After school,as soon as I got home,mum hurried me up to do my homework.Even on weekends,2.mum wouldnt give me free time().3.She asked me to take many classes outside().I had little time to play.Why couldnt I play?After a period of hard work,4.I made great progress in my study().In
40、 the mid-term exam,I got the first place in my class.When being told the news,Mum said 5.she was proud of me().Now I am full of confidence in my future.I have understood my mum.She has done all the things for me.Mum,please forgive me for misunderstanding you.6.I will work even harder than before().S
41、VOSVOOSVOCSVOASVPSVA.完成句子1.对很多你感兴趣的事情略知一二,就能让你的生活更加丰富多彩。(interest)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _can add to the richness of a whole,well-lived life.2.由于消防队员的及时赶到,大火终于被扑灭了。(result)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _,the big fire was finally put out.Knowing a little about a lot of things thatinterest youAs a result of the firefighte
42、rs timely arrival3.孔子认为,刀会让人想起杀戮,而且在餐桌上使用刀太过暴力。(remind)Confucius believed _ _ _ _ _ _and were too violent to use at the table.4.科学家们已经建立了一个基于数学模型的预警系统。(base)Scientists have built an early-warning system _ _ _ _.5.真奇怪,这个人竟然坚持自己愚蠢的想法。(stick)It is strange that the man should _ _ _ _ _.knives would remind people of killingsbased on mathematical modelsstick to his silly ideas
