1、Unit 2 Natural disasterGrammar and usageTeaching objectives:Teaching objectives:After this section,students should be able to:1、identify and categorize the use of to-infinitives as attributives and adverbials of result;2、summarize general rules of to-infinitives as attributives and adverbials of res
2、ult;3、apply the rules and use to-infinitives to complete or make sentences.Part 1 Lead-in What kind of natural disasters have we learnt?Welcome to the unit EarthquakeTsunamiTyphoonWhat kind of natural disasters are connected with a strong storm?HurricaneTyphoona violent storm with very strong winds,
3、especially in the western Atlantic Oceana typhoon is a very violent tropical（热带的）storm.TornadoA tornado is a violent wind storm consisting of a tall column of air which spins around very fast and causes a lot of damage.What should people do during a strong storm?Stay insideClose doors and windowsLis
4、ten to radio or watch TV to keep informed whats going onPart 2 Reading AAnna is interviewing her teacher,Mr Li,about his experiences during a hurricane.BeforeDuringAfterWhat are Mr Lis suggestion during a strong hurricane?Listen to local newsStay insideCalm downPrepare enough food and waterPart 3 Ex
5、ploring the rules Task 1Find the sentences with to-infinitives and fill in the table below.To-infinitives as attributives To-infinitives as adverbials of resultTo-infinitives as attributives I was staying in Atlanta,and that was one of the cities to be hit.The roads were blocked,so there was nothing
6、 for me to do but stay inside.I had enough food and water to last a whole week!used to describe a noun To-infinitives as adverbials of result That morning,I turned on the TV for some local news,only to hear that a hurricane was on its way.I looked out of the window,only to see huge trees lying acros
7、s the street and water everywhere!When the to-infinitive is used as an attributive,it is often put (before/after)the noun or pronoun it modifies.When the to-infinitive is used as an adverbial o f r e s u l t,i t c a n r e f e r t o a n (expected/unexpected)result.In this case,we often use only befor
8、e the to-infinitive.afterunexpected Working out the rulesTask 2逻辑关系逻辑关系 主谓关系(subject-verb)Clint was the second person to survive in the earthquake.动宾关系(verb-object)Wise men speak because they have something to say;fools because they have to say something.同位语关系(apposition)The need to love and to be l
9、oved is universal.被动形式The house to be built there will be a library.To-infinitives as attributivesTo-infinitives as attributives 1、He is always the first _(come)and the last _(leave).2、Vinny is the first disabled person _(sail)around the world.3、In my everyday life,I am on an ongoing journey to figu
10、re out different ways _(reduce)my carbon footprint.4、Another Weibo user wrote,“Thank you for giving me an opportunity _(appreciate)the landscape in the countryside.5、The ability _(express)an idea is as important as the idea itself.6、With the world changing so fast,we have something _(deal)with all b
11、y ourselves every day.7、Were having meeting in half an hour.The decision _(make)at the meeting will influence the future of our company.to cometo sailto be madeto dealto expressto appreciateto reduceto leave常接不定式作定语的名词有：ability,ambition,chance,wish,attempt,decision,moment,need,plan,promise,reason,ti
12、me,way,courage,opportunity 等。To-infinitives as adverbial of result 1.Its never too late to learn.too.to.2.I was fortunate enough to get the ticket.enough to.3.Jane sang so well as to come out first in the singing competition.so.as to.4.He has learned a lesson,never to repeat the same mistake.never t
13、o 5、I hurried to the station,only to find the train gone.only to To-infinitives as adverbial of _?To protect yourself from a typhoon,follow the proper safety procedures.During a typhoon,you should do your best to keep your head.Pay attention to news updates to confirm whether the danger is gone.purp
14、osePage16-17:Im disappointed to hear you lack patience.Im more than glad to hear that you have won the first prize in the contest.To-infinitives as adverbial of _?reasonresult purposereasonToTo-infinitives as adverbial-infinitives as adverbialunexpected resultpeoples feeling or moodPart 4 Applying t
15、he rules B1Match the first half of the sentences below with the correct to-infinitives.1.I went to the annual earthquake workshop 2.The authorities told the local people 3.They arrived at the airport4.Before we returned home,the flood damage needed5.This was the last cityStep 1:find out the topic or
16、 key word from the first half of sentences.Task 1Step 2:find out the key words from the second half of sentences to match the first half sentences.a to be cleared of people before the volcano erupted.b to be repaired.c to stay inside when the typhoon arrived.d only to find the flight had been cancel
17、led due to the snowstorm.e to learn some safety tips.Flood damagedLocal peopleairportworkshopTask 1Step 3:check logical relationship1.I went to the annual earthquake workshop to learn some safety tips.2.The authorities told the local people to stay inside when the typhoon arrived.3.They arrived at t
18、he airport only to find the flight had been cancelled due to the snowstorm.4.Before we returned home,the flood damage needed to be repaired.5.This was the last city to be cleared of people before the volcano erupted.attributiveobjectobject complementadverbial of resultadverbial of purposeTask 1B2Bel
19、ow is Annas to-do list from yesterday afternoon.Complete the diary entry below using to-infinitives.Task 2to find books about hurricanesto attendto make PPT slides for my projectto find he was not in his officeadverbial of resultadverbial of purposeattributiveadverbial of purposeTask 2Rewrite the fo
20、llowing sentences,using the infinitive.Patients in Wuhan are fortunate.Doctors and nurses across the country give them a lot of help.Patients in Wuhan are fortunate_ The old man is fortunate.He has been treated properly in the cabin hospital.The old man is fortunate _ John is ashamed.People found hi
21、m stealing.John is ashamed _.His first book will be published next month.It is based on a true story.His first book _ is based on a true story.to be given a lot of help.to have been treated properly in the cabin hospital.方舱to have been found stealingto be published next monthTask 31、Finish B3 on page 21.2、Reread the passages in the unit,and find out the sentences with to-infinitive and note the functions.Thanks for your cooperation!
